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Biomedical subjects

S Nemoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Nemoto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effects of 2-buten-4-olide, an endogenous satiety substance, on plasma glucose, corticosterone, and catecholamines.

Effects of 2-buten-4-olide (2-B4O), an endogenous satiety substance, on levels of plasma glucose, corticosterone, and catecholamines were examined in fed, conscious, and unrestrained rats. A vascular indwelling catheter was inserted into the right atrium of the animal from the jugular vein 1 wk before the experiment. Injection of 2-B4O and blood sampling were performed through the catheter in an unanesthetized condition. The levels of plasma glucose, corticosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine increased significantly for 2 h after the start of intravenous injection of 2-B4O in a dose-dependent manner. The increases in glucose and catecholamines induced by 2-B4O injection were abolished by bilateral splanchnicotomy (SPX) but not by pretreatment with anti-corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antibody. The increase in corticosterone was abolished not by the SPX but by pretreatment with anti-CRF antibody. These findings suggest that 2-B4O, endogenously produced during food deprivation, may facilitate sympathoadrenal and hypothalamopituitary-adrenal functions through the central nervous system.

4-Butyrolactone↗
PubMed1994

Urinary excretion level of hydroxylysylpyridinoline as an index of bone resorption.

Hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP), an intermolecular cross-linking amino acid, is present only in bone and cartilage collagen. We examined urinary HP levels in order to assess bone collagen metabolism using HPLC. Urinary HP excretion levels (nmol/mmol creatinine) of healthy control groups gradually increased with aging. Urinary HP excretion levels of females were higher than those of age-adjusted males. On the other hand, the urinary excretion levels of HP in osteoporotic patients were significantly higher than those of age and sex-adjusted controls. It is suggested that the determination of urinary HP excretion levels is useful in the clinical evaluation of metabolic bone diseases, especially osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Role of hydrogen peroxide in the inhibitory effect of ascorbate on cell growth.

Organ cultures have become an important method for the study of some of the biochemical reactions in which ascorbate takes part, and there are conflicting views on the stimulatory and inhibitory actions of ascorbate on cell growth. This study aimed to clarify the inhibitory mechanism of ascorbate using 3T6 fibroblasts. Cells were exposed to ascorbate at various concentrations in medium. The results showed that 3T6 fibroblasts were killed in medium containing more than 0.3 mM ascorbate. This lethal effect of ascorbate on cells was inhibited by the addition of catalase, an enzyme that decomposes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), to the medium. When the medium with ascorbate was incubated in the absence of cells, the amount of H2O2 generation depended on the ascorbate concentration, and decreased in inverse proportion to the serum concentration added to the medium. The addition of albumin, which is the main protein in serum, also inhibited H2O2 generation in the medium with ascorbate. However H2O2 generation was not inhibited completely by serum and albumin. These results indicate that cytotoxicity of ascorbate is induced by H2O2.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1994

[Is extensive usage of arterial grafts in revascularization of the circumflex appropriate?: comparative study with the saphenous vein].

From September 1975 to March 1992, 584 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) including revascularization of the circumflex artery (LCX) with either saphenous vein (Group S, n = 496) or arterial grafts (Group A, n = 88). Group S was divided into two subgroups. Group S I is the patients who underwent CABG before April 1988, when the first case of arterial revascularization of the LCX, and Group S II is the patients who underwent CABG after April 1988. No significant differences were noted in early mortality, late mortality, or event free curve among three groups. Although graft flow was significantly less in Group A (27.8 +/- 12.8 ml/min) than Group S (60.0 +/- 35.7 ml/min), the patency rate was better in Group A (94.3%) than Group S I (88.6%) or Group S II (87.7%). The proportion of usage of arterial grafts in revascularization of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was smaller in Group A (65.5%) than Group S II (80.3%), but the patency rate was acceptably good in both groups (Group A: 98.8%, Group S II: 99.5%). These findings justify extensive usage of arterial grafts to the LCX area under proper assignment of grafts to obtain good patency rate and long-term results with keeping quality of revascularization of the LAD area.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1994

[Seventy coronary reoperations: indication and results].

Seventy consecutive patients undergoing reoperative coronary artery bypass grafting (re-CABG) were reviewed to determine operative and late results, and indications of re-CABG. There was no operative death (within 30 days after re-CABG) but 3 (4.3%) hospital deaths in patients with emergency re-CABG. Although graft patency rate was acceptable (92.5%), the rate of complete revascularization was only 70%. Including non-cardiac death, the actuarial survival rate at 8 years was 88.2%, and event free rate including all deaths, the third time CABG, PTCA and myocardial infarction was 78.4% at 8 years. At re-CABG, no old arterial grafts and only 4.7% (2/43) of the old saphenous vein grafts to the left anterior descending artery (LAD) were patent without stenosis. Success rate of PTCA was 90.9% in the saphenous vein graft and 95.2% in the internal thoracic artery graft. Restenosis rate was significantly higher in the saphenous vein graft (55%) than the arterial graft (10%) (p < 0.001), and restenosis rate of repeat PTCA to the saphenous vein graft was 100%. In conclusion, re-CABG should be mainly indicated to the patients with persistent symptom and diseased grafts to the LAD, and PTCA to the old saphenous vein graft should be limited to once to avoid acute deterioration requiring emergency re-CABG.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Ventricular endoaneurysmorrhaphy for the left ventricular aneurysm after myocardial infarction: technique and left ventricular function].

A 54-year-old male with a left ventricular aneurysm and angina after myocardial infarction underwent Cooley's ventricular endoaneurysmorrhaphy with single coronary artery bypass grafting. On cardiopulmonary bypass, an elliptial Dacron felt patch was fashioned to replace the diseased area in the left ventricular cavity, restoring normal shape, contour and volume to the ventricule and stabilizing the still viable and functioning myocardium, and sutured to transition zone between viable myocardium and the fibrotic scarred area. At this time, single coronary bypass grafting (LITA to diagonal branch) was done. His post operative course was uneventful. The left ventricular systolic and diastolic function improved significantly in each variable measured on left ventriculogram analysis.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical experience of autotransfusion of shed mediastinal blood using a new device].

Autotransfusion of shed mediastinal blood is expected to be adopted as a technique to reduce transfusion thus preventing various complications such as hepatitis, AIDS, and GVHD. We report the usefulness and problems of a new device-Solcotrans Plus, which only requires connection to wall suction. This device consists of three parts: suction, reservoir bag, and filter for autoinfusion. After setting the suction and reservoir bag primed with anticoagulant, ACD or heparin, and connecting the unit to a wall suction, we performed autotransfusion of shed blood through the filtration component in ICU after operation. Postoperative hematological and biochemical examinations revealed no complications or adverse effects of autotransfusion. This device is available, simple to handle, and is useful for returning shed blood. We believe that this device will be effective for non-blood open heart surgery or reduction of transfusion.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Combined operations of coronary artery bypass grafting using the right gastro-epiploic artery and other abdominal operation].

We carried out combined operation of coronary artery bypass grafting using the right gastro-epiploic artery (GEA) and other abdominal operation in four patients. The abdominal operation were one total gastrectomy for double early gastric cancer, one bypass with Y-shaped graft for arteriosclerosis obliterans in iliac region and two peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure. There were no early death. The postoperative course was uneventful without any mediastinitis or other infectious events. Doing careful maneuver, we can use the GEA for grafts in such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Determination of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide levels in imported beef].

A simple and efficient cleanup method was established for capillary gas chromatographic determination of 12 organochlorine and 11 organophosphorus pesticides in beef. Extracted fat was subjected to silica gel dry column chromatography and further cleaned up by Florisil minicolumn chromatography for organochlorine pesticide analysis, while partitioning between n-hexane and acetonitrile of the extract and silica gel minicolumn chromatography were employed for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides. Several samples (imported Australian beef) were analyzed by the proposed method. DDT was detected in 14 (0.01-0.10 ppm). BHC was found in 11 (0.003-0.031 ppm) and dieldrin was demonstrated in 2 (0.004 and 0.008 ppm). Heptachlors and the 11 organophosphorus pesticides investigated were not detected in any of the meat samples.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Selective venous sampling directly from cavernous sinus in Cushing's syndrome.

Using superselective catheterization technique, venous sampling directly from the cavernous sinus was performed in seven patients with Cushing's disease and one patient with ectopic ACTH secreting tumor. In Cushing's disease the central/peripheral (c/p) gradients of ACTH in the cavernous sinus (11.9-111.1; mean, 49.6) were much greater than those in the inferior petrosal sinus (1.0-52.0; mean, 14.0). The intercavernous gradients of ACTH provided correct lateralization in all patients but one who had a midline tumor. A patient with ectopic ACTH secreting tumor showed no gradients of ACTH both in the cavernous sinus and in the inferior petrosal sinus. The c/p gradients of PRL were smaller than those of ACTH in the cavernous sinus, inferior petrosal sinus, and jugular vein. The gradients of ACTH and PRL essentially indicated the same laterality in Cushing's disease, whereas the intersinus gradient of PRL provided a false laterality in two patients with a midline tumor. No complications have been observed during and after the sampling procedure. Thus, we conclude that 1) the selective sampling directly from the cavernous sinus offers sufficient c/p gradients (more than 10) for the reliable diagnosis of Cushing's disease, 2) CRH stimulation during the sampling and the simultaneous measurement of PRL are not necessary in this method, 3) the high concentration of pituitary hormones obtained by this sampling may be useful for other clinical investigations.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1993

[A three-dimensional reconstruction of the temporal bone by the helical scanning CT and its clinical application].

The current availability of 3 dimensional (3-D) imaging from Computed Tomography (CT) has yielded new anatomical information and pre-and postoperative evaluations. However, little discussion as to the 3-D structural image of the temporal bone has been reported because conventional CT does provide sufficient data to produce such images. The Helical scanning CT gathers continuous and multiple slice image data since it consists of an X-ray tube that continuously rotates around the patient while the patient moves continuously into the CT scanner. Thus, application of the Helical scanning CT has made it possible to reconstruct 3-D images of the minute and complicated structure of the temporal bone. We evaluated 3-D images from 9 typical cases, examined from February to October 1992. As a result, we found that the 3-D images reconstructed with this system are useful for evaluation of the postoperative state of tympanoplasty, the diagnosis of anomalies of the bony labyrinth, and examining the extent of bone destruction induced by trauma, cholesteatoma, etc.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Sutureless aortic valve replacement for peri-annular pseudoaneurysm and perivalvular leakage due to prosthetic valve endocarditis].

A 49-year-old man who had undergone AVR entered our hospital with congestive heart failure and continuing slight fever. By cardiac imaging, he was diagnosed prosthetic valve endocarditis with periannular pseudoaneurysm and perivalvular leakage. He underwent a new translocation method using a composite valve (a prosthetic valve directly sutured a ring prosthesis, which was separated from an intraluminal ringed graft). Post operative course was uneventful. He recovered well after the operation.

Aneurysm, False↗
PubMed1993

[Efficacy of myocardial preservation using HTK solution in continuous 120 min cross-clamping method--a comparative study with GIK method].

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of HTK solution in the 120 minutes cross-clamping method in comparison with conventional intermittent cardioplegia using GIK solution. Fifty-four open heart surgery were performed with cardioplegic solution using either HTK solution (HTK) or GIK solution (GIK). In the HTK, HTK (3L) was infused for the initial dose and 1L was added every 60 min after 120 min of cross-clamping. In GIK, 1L of GIK solution was intermittently infused initially and then every 30 min together with continuous cold blood perfusion. The effect of two cardioplegic solution was evaluated by postoperative cardiac function (CI, %SF), released enzymes (CPK), histology and dosage of catecholamine. Postoperative CI was 3.67 +/- 0.76 in HTK, and 4.34 +/- 1.04 in GIK (NS). % SF was 26.0 +/- 5.26 in HTK and 25.6 +/- 0.76 in HTK, and 4.34 +/- 1.04 in GIK (NS). %SF was 26.0 +/- 5.26 in HTK and 25.6 +/- 9.2 in GIK (NS). The CK-MB (IU/dl) level after reperfusion was significantly decreased in HTK at 60 and 180 min after reperfusion. Histology at 60 min of ischemia revealed a significant increase of edema of mitochondria in GIK. Postoperative catecholamine dose was 2.65 +/- 1.3 in HTK and 10.3 +/- 3.4 in GIK (p < -0.01). PH of myocardium was well maintained around 7.4 during cross-clamping in HTK, however, it was decreased in GIK. In conclusion, The HTK method offers a reliable cardiac protection due to effective buffering using Histidine in comparison with GIK.

Cardioplegic Solutions↗
PubMed1993

[Coronary artery bypass grafting with all arterial grafts using the internal thoracic, the gastroepiploic and the inferior epigastric arteries].

CABG with all arterial grafts using both the internal thoracic artery (RITA, LITA), the right gastroepiploic artery (GEA) and the inferior epigastric artery (IEA) was performed in 26 patients from July 1989 to August 1991. There were no early and late deaths. Early postoperative coronary angiography in all patients revealed that the best choice of anastomosis was RITA to LAD, LITA to LCX or DIA, and GEA to RCA (type A). All arterial grafts CABG is safe and feasible, but the saphenus vein graft must be used to avoid the anastomosis from small GEA to small LCX.

Abdominal Muscles↗