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Biomedical subjects

S Nakashio

Publications and source records attributed to S Nakashio.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Isolation of Clostridium difficile from the feces and the antibody in sera of young and elderly adults.

Attempts were made to isolate Clostridium difficile from a total of 431 fecal specimens from 149 young and 213 elderly healthy adults, and 69 elderly adults with cerebrovascular disease but no gastrointestinal disease. C difficile was isolated from 49 specimens, and the frequency of isolation was 15.4% in healthy young adults, 7.0% in healthy elderly adults, and 15.9% in elderly adults with cerebrovascular disease. Thirty-four (about 70%) of the 49 C. difficile strains isolated produced cytotoxin which was neutralized by Clostridium sordellii antitoxin in vitro; in both young and elderly adults approximately 30% of the C. difficile isolates were nontoxigenic. The mean concentration of C. difficile in feces was 10(4.1)/g in young adults and 10(4.6)/g in elderly adults, with a range of 10(2.0) to 10(6.9)/g. Antibody against C. difficile toxin was found in most of the sera obtained from young adults carrying toxigenic C. difficile, but not in sera of elderly adults, no matter how abundant was toxigenic C. difficile in the feces.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Agglutination, toxigenicity and sorbitol fermentation of Clostridium difficile.

A total of 79 Clostridium difficile strains from different sources (50 strains from the fecal specimens of healthy adults, 13 from patients receiving antibiotics without gastrointestinal complications, 13 from antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) or diarrhea patients, and three strains from ATCC) were investigated for agglutinability, using formol-treated cells as antigen, in relation to toxigenicity. C. difficile strains tested were divided into four serovars, I, II, III, and IV, by the cross-agglutination test. The agglutinin absorption test revealed that strains of serovar I, agglutinable with high titers (5,120-10,240) to antiserum prepared against a highly toxigenic C. difficile strain, ATCC 17859, possessed the serovar-specific antigen. All of the strains of serovar I were highly toxigenic and all 13 strains isolated from the fecal specimens of antibiotic-associated PMC or diarrhea patients belonged to this serovar, whereas 19 (38%) out of 50 strains from healthy adults and four (30.8%) out of 13 strains from patients receiving antibiotics without gastrointestinal complications possessed this antigen. None of the strains of other clostridial species than C. difficile were agglutinated by the three reference antisera used. Further study on the sugar fermentation test disclosed that sorbitol-fermenting property of C. difficile if very closely related to the toxigenicity and agglutinability.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Clostridium sporogenes isolates and their relationship to C. botulinum based on deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation.

Sixty-two isolates of Clostridium sporogenes from canned foods were examined for cultural properties, heat resistance and DNA-DNA homology to Clostridium botulinum type A190. Sporulation was observed in most of 21 umbonate and rhizoidal colony-forming strains (colony-type I strains), but not in most of the 41 strains with convex and circular or crenate colonies with a mat to semi-glossy surface (colony-type II strains). More than half of the latter strains showed much higher heat resistance than the rhizoidal colony-forming strains. The DNA isolated from colony-type II strains was 81% or more homologous to C. botulinum A190 DNA, forming duplexes which had thermostabilities similar to homologous duplexes of strain A190 DNA. Colony-type I strains differed from C. botulinum by 30 to 40% DNA homology and the DNA duplexes formed between these strains and strain A190 showed deltaT m(e) values of 7-0 degrees C when compared with the T m(e) of homologous DNA duplexes of strain A190.

Clone Cells↗