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Biomedical subjects

S Naik

Publications and source records attributed to S Naik.

153 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative evaluation of bacteriologic and morphologic indices of Mycobacterium leprae in skin, lymph node, bone marrow, nerve and muscle.

This study elicits the comparative evaluation of the Bacteriologic Index (BI) and Morphologic Index (MI) of the skin, lymph node, bone marrow, nerve and muscle tissues of 15 untreated leprosy patients. The findings of comparable or even higher BI's and MI's in lymph nodes than skin are of considerable interest, especially the presence of a significant percentage of viable bacilli during reaction states when MI of skin and nerve tissue was found to be negative. Evaluation of the BI's and MI's of lymph nodes has been suggested to be of utmost importance for follow-up studies of patients being treated with antileprosy drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is immunoproliferative small intestinal disease uncommon in India?

Till date only three series of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) describing 22 patients have been reported from India. Seven patients with IPSID in two tertiary referral centers in India are included in the study. Diagnosis was based on typical clinical features [diarrhoea (7/7), weight loss (7/7), clubbing (6/7), fever (3/7), abdominal pain and lump (3/7)], biochemical evidence of malabsorption and duodenal biopsy findings. All patients were young males (mean age 29.8 +/- 11.8 years, range 17-53). Atypical features included gastric involvement (1/7), colonic involvement (1/7) and appearance of pigmented nails following anti-cancer chemotherapy (1/7) which disappeared six months after omitting doxorubin from chemotherapy regimen. Parasitic infestation was common. Ascaris lumbricoides (1/7), Giardia lamblia and hookworm (1/7), Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichuris trichura (1/7). In the latter patient S. stercoralis became disseminated after anti-malignant chemotherapy. One patient had gastric H. pylori infection. Four of the seven patients who were misdiagnosed as tropical sprue were treated with tetracycline. This raises doubt on efficacy of tetracycline alone in treatment of IPSID. One other patient was misdiagnosed and treated as intestinal tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and administration of chemotherapy may improve survival in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Benign esophageal stricture following aluminium phosphide poisoning.

Aluminium phosphide is often implicated in accidental and suicidal poisoning in India. Ingestion of even half a fresh tablet invariably results in death, whereas exposed tablets are usually considered harmless. We report two cases of short-segment esophageal strictures that occurred following ingestion of exposed tablet of aluminium phosphide. Both cases could be successfully managed by endoscopic dilatation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient radial nerve injury related to the use of a self retaining retractor for internal mammary artery dissection.

Peripheral nerve injuries and brachial plexopathies are frequent complications for coronary artery surgery, and are related to median sternotomy. Radial nerve injury has been uncommon hitherto. We report the case of a patient who sustained a radial nerve palsy associated with the use of a Pittman retractor, but who achieved rapid and complete recovery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunomodulation by interleukin-2 receptor targeted therapy.

The interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) is expressed on proliferating T-lymphocytes following antigen stimulation. Activated IL-2R bearing lymphocytes accumulate as cellular infiltrates in autoimmune thyroiditis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis and graft rejection. Affected cells in Hodgkin's disease, hairy cell leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and lymphoid blast crises of chronic myeloid leukaemia also express IL-2R. Anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies or chimeric IL-2R toxins provide a way of selective elimination of such cells. These have been used in experimental models of autoimmunity and transplantation with beneficial results, providing a novel way of selective immunosuppression. In open uncontrolled trials, chimeric IL-2R toxin was found to be safe and effective in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and IL-2R bearing leukaemias and lymphomas.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic hepatitis B virus carriers have low lymphoproliferative responses to HBsAg and reduced interleukin-2 synthesis.

BACKGROUND: Chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have impairment of lymphoproliferative responses. Recently HBV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has been reported. The defect in the proliferative capacity of carrier PBMC has not been correlated to the presence of HBV in these cells. METHODS: PBMC of fourteen HBV carriers and 14 healthy individuals were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or anti-CD3 for 3 days and with HBsAg and purified protein derivative (PPD) for 6 days. The supernatants of unstimulated and PHA-stimulated PBMC cultures were bioassayed for interleukin-2 (IL-2); the supernatants of unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cultures were bioassayed for IL-1. DNA extracted from PBMC was hybridized with a 32P-labeled HBV probe to look for HBV DNA. RESULTS: HBV carriers' PBMC showed impaired responses to PHA, PWM and anti-CD3. No carrier demonstrated lymphoproliferative response to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Seven of eight carriers with impaired HBsAg-specific proliferative responses who were tested for their response to an unrelated antigen showed a positive response to PPD. PBMC from HBV carriers produced similar amounts of IL-1 as normal PBMC on LPS stimulation; however, they produced significantly lower amounts of IL-2 as compared to normal PBMC under both spontaneous and PHA-stimulated conditions. HBV DNA was demonstrable in the PBMC of all fourteen carriers. CONCLUSIONS: The abnormal immune function found in chronic HBV carriers may be a consequence of replicative viral infection of the mononuclear cells.

Adult↗