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Biomedical subjects

S N Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to S N Sharma.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
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Dynamics of malaria transmission under changing ecological scenario in and around Nanak Matta Dam, Uttaranchal, India.

To understand the transmission dynamics of malaria in three different ecotypes, namely watershed (forest), seepage (Nanak Matta Dam) and plain (non-forest, non-dam) areas of Nainital and Udham Singh Nagar districts of Uttaranchal, entomological and parasitological investigations were carried out from July 1996 to June 1997. In the three ecotypes, average per man hour densities of adult vector species in human dwellings and cattlesheds recorded were high for Anopheles culicifacies from April to September and October to March for An. fluviatilis. Prevalence of both An. culicifacies and An. fluviatilis was higher in the forest area as compared to other two areas. Observations on gonotrophic condition revealed endophilic tendency of both vector species. Higher number of both vector species were found in outdoor than indoor during night human bait collections. Out of 864 specimens of An. fluviatilis dissected, one showed natural infection of sporozoites in salivary glands in the month of November from the forest area only. Sibling species study of An. fluviatilis revealed the presence of species S for the first time in the forest area. Parasitological investigations also depicted high incidence of malaria in the forest area as compared to other two areas. Overall results from the study indicated active malaria transmission in the forest area.

Adult↗
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Coronary arteriographic profile in young and old Indian patients with ischaemic heart disease: a comparative study.

We analysed coronary arteriographic profile in 125 young patients (below 40 years, mean age 37.3 years) with clinical evidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (Group I) and compared it with 125 older patients with IHD (more than 40 years, mean age 52.8 years) (Group II) studied during the same period. Left anterior descending coronary artery was the most frequently involved vessel in both the groups, 102/125 (81.6%) in Group I and 120/125 (96%) in Group II (P less than 0.001). The incidence of left main coronary artery involvement was 5/125 (4%) in Group I and 15/125 (12%) in Group II (P less than 0.05) and coronary artery calcification was 17/125 (13.7%) in Group I and 72/125 (57.6%) in Group II (P less than 0.001). Triple vessel disease was the most common form of involvement, 56/125 (44.8%) in Group I and 65/125 (52.8%) in Group II (P = NS). The incidence of diffuse disease was 35/125 (28%) in Group I vs 39/125 (31.2%) in Group II (P = NS), ectasia was observed in 13/125 (10.1%) in Group I vs 15/125 (12%) in Group II (P = NS) and coronary collaterals were found in 42/125 (33.6%) in Group I and 56/125 (44.8%) in Group II (P = NS). Thus left main and left anterior descending coronary artery disease and coronary calcification were more common in the older age group. Our findings suggest that in young Indian patients with IHD, multivessel and extensive coronary artery involvement in frequently seen. This pattern of involvement has many features resembling the disease pattern in their older counterparts.

Adult↗
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Our experience with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty--two years follow-up study.

The results of 130 consecutive percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) procedures carried out in 112 patients between November, 1986 and October, 1988 are reported. The follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 24 months. Eighty-four patients (75%) had single vessel disease, and 28 (25%) had multivessel disease. Two-vessel dilatation was done in 23 patients. The primary success rate was 92%. In successful cases, the diameter of stenosis was changed on an average from an initial 85% to 23%. Acute occlusion of the vessel occurred on 9 occasions (6.8%). Emergency coronary bypass surgery (CABG) was done in 3 (2.7%), 2 patients (1.8%) were subjected to immediate re-dilatation. One patient who underwent CABG died (case fatality 0.8%). Occlusion of the dilated vessels did not occur after the patients were discharged from hospital. Follow-up data revealed that long-term clinical success (class I status) was seen in 78 patients who had a successful primary dilatation. Of the 25 patients who were studied by a repeat coronary arteriography, 7 had developed restenosis. Five of these patients have been successfully redilated. It is concluded that PTCA is an effective and safe method of treatment in selected patients with coronary artery disease in our setting.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Silent myocardial ischaemia in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease.

Twenty patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD) were evaluated by Holter monitoring for assessment of total ischaemic burden during daily activities. Thirteen patients revealed ischaemia on Holter monitoring (symptomatic-2, silent-4 and both types-7). As compared to symptomatic ischaemia, the silent myocardial ischaemic episodes were more frequent (25 vs 10 episodes), longer in duration (15-53 minutes vs 8-45 minutes), occurred at lower heart rates (65-75/minute (mean 68) vs 70-90 per minute (mean 76) and silent ischaemic episodes exceeded symptomatic ones in both morning (10 vs 4) and evening (15 vs 6) peaks. Occurrence of symptomatic as well as silent ischaemia had no relation to rest, activity, left ventricular functions, and there was no difference in the extent (1-3mm) and type (horizontal or downsloping) of ST-segment depression. We conclude that in patients with significant coronary artery disease, silent myocardial ischaemia is more frequent than the symptomatic ischaemia during daily activities. It occurs at lower heart rates, lasts longer, and bears no relation to rest, activity or left ventricular function. Evening peaks may be as frequent or more than the morning peaks. Holter monitoring thus is helpful for assessment of total ischaemic burden in CAD patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
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Isolation of infectious bronchitis virus from intestine and reproductive organs of laying hens with dropped egg production.

A total of 52 samples (22 cloacal swabs and 30 pooled ovaries and oviducts) from hens with a history of a 25 to 40% drop in egg production from 30 flocks were examined for the isolation of infectious bronchitis virus in embryonated chicken eggs. Five isolates were obtained: three from cloacal swabs and two from reproductive organs. These isolates were identified and characterized on the basis of agar-gel-precipitation, hemagglutination, and neutralization tests and other physicochemical characteristics.

Animals↗