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Biomedical subjects

S N Haynes

Publications and source records attributed to S N Haynes.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Biofeedback treatment of atopic dermatitis: controlled case studies of eight cases.

To investigate the feasibility of a behaviorally oriented intervention program with atopic dermatitis, 12 patients were exposed to a fixed sequence of treatment phases including a no-treatment baseline phase, a phase incorporating nonspecific treatment factors, and a phase involving frontal electromyographic (EMG) feedback and relaxation instructions. Photographic analyses of involved skin areas revealed significant remission of dermatological problems across the entire program, although significant changes could not be attributable to any specific phase. Ratings of itching level decreased within but not across treatment sessions, and variable correlations across subjects were found between frontal EMG and itching level. MMPI results from the dermatitis subjects were within normal limits. Overall, the results provided mixed support for the hypothesis that atopic dermatitis may be amenable to intervention through behaviorally oriented treatment procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Frontal electromyographic feedback. Stress attenuation and generalization.

This study evaluated the effects of one session of frontal electromyographic (EMG) feedback on (1) frontal EMG, (2) frontal EMG response to stress, (3) cardiovascular variables, and (4) cardiovascular responses to stress. Eighteen male and female undergraduate volunteers received either frontal EMG feedback or a relaxation instructions control procedure and were then exposed to a fear stimulus (visualization of a feared situation) and a post-stress adaptation period while several cardiovascular measures were monitored. In comparison to the control group, frontal EMG feedback significantly reduced resting levels of frontal EMG and frontal EMG response to stress but had no significant effect on cardiovascular measures. The results of this study suggest that one session of frontal EMG feedback may attenuate response to stress but, within the paradigm utilized, may be confined to the specific muscle groups monitored. Additional areas of needed research were noted including individual differences in generalization, the effects of EMG feedback from multiple sites sequentially and concomitantly, and the generalized effects from symptom-specific sites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Behavioral intervention with muscle-contraction headache: a review.

Studies involving behavioral intervention with muscle-contraction headache are reviewed. Intervention approaches have most frequently involved frontal electromyographic feedback and relaxation instructions. Although behavioral intervention packages have been more effective than control procedures in reducing headache activity, identification of active components of these packages is difficult. Specifically,, the contribution of placebo, expectancy and demand factors, reactive effects of self-monitoring, and home practice have not been adequately assessed. The importance of assessing individual differences in etiology and in response to intervention is stressed. The results of some studies are congruent with the hypothesized muscle tension etiology of muscle-contraction headaches but the results from others suggest that factors other than muscle-tension may be involved. Supportive laboratory research on the intervention procedures and cost-efficiency of electromyographic feedback and relaxation instructions are discussed.

Attitude↗
PubMed1978

A sexual enhancement program for elderly couples.

This study was designed to examine the effects of a group sexual enhancement program for elderly couples. Ten marital couples whose ages ranged from 51 to 71 were placed in one of three sexual enhancement groups based on their scheduling preferences. All groups followed the same format, but each was conducted by a different pair of group leaders. The sexual enhancement program was divided into three 2-week phases: (1) a pretreatment period in which there was no contact with the therapists, (2) an education phase in which subjects were provided with information on human sexual functioning in aging people in particular, and (3) a communication exercises-sexual techniques phase in which subjects were instructed on methods to improve communication and increase enjoyment of sexual contact. Following an initial interview in which the purpose of the study was explained, subjects were administered a questionnaire assessing satisfaction and frequency of sexual activities and perception of partner's sexual satisfaction. The questionnaire was readministered after the pretreatment phase, after the education phase, and 4 weeks following the end of the program. In general, significant increases in sexual satisfaction, frequency of certain sexual activities, and positive attitudes about marital and life satisfaction were found to occur over the course of the sexual enhancement program. These significant increases occurred either during the pretreatment period or during some combination of phases.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Electromyographic biofeedback treatment of a woman with chronic dysphagia.

In this case report, a 25-year-old female with chronic dysphagia spastica (difficulty swallowing because of constriction of the throat muscles) was treated with 20 sessions of frontal electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback and home-relaxation practice. The subject monitored on a 10-point scale her difficulty swallowing during meals for 2 months prior to treatment, during treatment, and after treatment. There was a significant decrease in reported difficulty swallowing associated with frontalis EMG feedback. Improvement was maintained at a 6-month follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Homosexuality: behaviours and attitudes.

To assess the incidence of homosexual experiences, heterosexual experiences, associated attitudes, and related demographic characteristics, a sexual behaviour and attitudes questionaire was administered to 4251 university students. The rate of homosexual experiences was found to be appreciably lower than that commonly reported in the literature and was not significantly related to race, religion, or region of residence. Individuals with homosexual experiences, compared to those without, tended to be more liberal in their views toward socially deviant sexual behavior in general, did not demonstrate fewer heterosexual contacts, and did not report significantly more guilt or anxiety about their sexual behavior.

Attitude↗