Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S N Greenberg

Publications and source records attributed to S N Greenberg.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Age changes in the missing-letter effect reflect the reader's growing ability to extract the structure from text.

Readers searching for a target letter in text are more likely to miss it in frequent function words than in less frequent content words, and the magnitude of this effect increases with age. While this increase has been taken to indicate that proficient readers process familiar words in terms of larger orthographic units, we propose that it reflects the reader's growing ability to extract the structure of text, resulting in a reduced emphasis on function than on content words. Indeed, comparing 2nd graders (7 to 7 1/2 years) and college students (Experiment 1) this increase was found even when function and content words were equated for frequency. Scrambling words within a sentence (Experiment 2) improved letter detection in function compared to content words among 7th graders (12 to 13 years) and college students, but not among 3rd graders (8 to 9 years). Although letter detection was also affected by word frequency, the age differences noted above are possibly due not to the increasing familiarity of words, but rather to the growing sensitivity to their structural role in text.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The work hardening program and subsequent return to work of a client with low back pain.

Billions of dollars are spent annually for the costs associated with workers' compensation cases. Chronic low back injuries have been traditionally the most costly cases. In addition to the physical problems, psychosocial issues emerge which confound conventional treatment and prolong resolution. Work hardening programs were developed to address the many issues of the occupationally injured chronic patient. This case study examines the treatment of a 54-year-old male who sustained an injury to his lumbar spine during employment as a boiler mechanic and subsequently had been out of work for 8 months. The article describes the interdisciplinary work hardening treatment (5-week duration) and the progressive resistive work circuit which preceded the client's return to work. It is concluded that work hardening programs can be cost-effective for insurers, as in this case, saving an estimated $44,000. An aggressive return to work program should also be considered in earlier stages of injury as a way of preventing the development of chronic disability for which the human costs are immeasurable.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1992

A cephalometric study of Class II, division 1 treatment using differential torque mechanics.

A pilot study was designed in which 19 growing patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions who were undergoing differential torque treatment were cephalometrically evaluated. No extraoral force or Class II elastics were used. Findings indicate that the 2 x 4 appliance can be useful in the treatment of selected Class II, Division 1 malocclusions in growing children.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1992

The effectiveness of differential moments in establishing and maintaining anchorage.

The purpose of the present study is to both clinically and cephalometrically investigate maximum and minimum anchorage control in four first premolar extraction cases, using the "differential moments (torque)" concept. Data were obtained from the pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 30 patients, 13 boys and 17 girls, who were treated exclusively with "differential torque" mechanics. Of the 30 patients selected, 18 were classified as having Angle Class I malocclusion (crowded and/or bimaxillary alveolar protrusion) and 12 as having Angle Class II, Division 1 malocclusion (crowded and/or severe overjet). The sample was divided into two groups, according to the severity of crowding. Subjects with 6.0 mm or more of crowding, in at least one quadrant per arch, were placed in the maximum anchorage group, suggesting the desirability of maintaining a relatively stable position of the anchor unit. Subjects with less than 6.0 mm of crowding per quadrant were categorized as moderate or minimum anchorage cases, indicating desirability of some intermediate degree of controlled movement of the anchor teeth. Comparison of the two groups in each malocclusion category revealed their comparability with respect to molar relationship and incisor overjet. The major finding of this study is the clinical effectiveness of differential moments as a means of controlling intraoral anchorage. It proves to be optimal and controllable for clinical purposes, regardless of the type of malocclusion or the severity of crowding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The effects of syntactic structure on letter detection in adjacent function words.

In the present study, we examined letter detection in very frequent function-word sequences. It has been claimed that such sequences are processed in a unitized manner, thus preempting access to their constituent letters. In contrast, we showed that letter detection in the words for and the (1) was no more difficult when the words appeared in adjacent locations in a sentence (familiar) than when they appeared apart (less familiar sequence) and (2) was contingent upon the words' syntactic roles within the phrase. Thus, letter detection in for was easier when the sequence was separated by a clause boundary than when the words were part of the same clause. The advantage derived from clause separation was strongest when a comma divided clauses. These results challenge the unitization account of the "missing-letter" effect in common phrases and support a position where this phenomenon is seen to reflect the extraction of phrase structure during reading.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Competition between memory and perceptual tasks involving physically similar stimuli.

Performance on a perceptual recognition task and a concurrently performed short-term memory (STM) task was studied. The stimuli used in the STM task were either visually similar, acoustically similar, or dissimilar to the stimuli in the perceptual task. The results demonstrated that any type of concurrent list memorization has a detrimental effect upon perceptual performance, but this effect is magnified if the stimuli used in the 2 tasks are visually similar. Acoustic similarity had no effect. The results document the fact that distinct tasks interfere, when the tasks compete for a limited total processing capacity, or when the tasks demand the same visual coding program.

Association↗
PubMed1976

Ectopic movement of an unerupted mandibular canine.

A case history has been given with the radiographic evidence of the migration, during development of an unerupted mandibular canine from its normal position. In a 30-month period the canine assumed a horizontal position and moved to a site that was apical to the mandibular incisors, still in the confines of the cortical plates. Because erratic movements of unerupted teeth cannot be anticipated, it would seem wise to defer the elective removal of permanent teeth during the mixed dentition stage until the clinician is assured of a normal eruption pattern of the succedaneous teeth.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Working stiff.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Accidents, Occupational↗