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Biomedical subjects

S N Caroff

Publications and source records attributed to S N Caroff.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone at weekly intervals results in a diminished thyrotropin response.

A diminished thyrotropin (TSH) response to the administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) has been widely reported in depressed patients. Repeated TRH administration at short intervals has been shown to produce a diminished TRH response in healthy subjects. In the present study, TRH (400 micrograms) was administered to ten healthy male subjects at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. The TSH response to TRH diminished steadily from 8.2 +/- 1.3 microU/ml on Trial 1 to 6.3 +/- 0.7 microU/ml on Trial 4 (p less than 0.05). No change in the prolactin response to TRH administration was observed over the four trials. Reduction in the TSH response to TRH was not correlated with basal concentrations of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, or cortisol.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hormonal response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone following rest-activity reversal in normal men.

The prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) response to an intravenous dose (400 micrograms) of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was studied in eight healthy young men in the morning (0800 hr), in the evening (2000 hr), and after an acute 12-hr shift of the rest-activity cycle. The PRL and TSH response to TRH was significantly greater in the evening than the morning. The increased PRL and TSH responses observed in the evening were significantly reduced following rest-activity reversal. Our findings underscore the importance of temporal factors in determining response to TRH. These factors may be relevant in clarifying the mechanisms underlying abnormal hormonal responses to TRH in patients with affective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Multiple hormonal responses to protirelin (TRH) in depressed patients.

The effects of protirelin (thyrotropin-releasing hormone [TRH]) administration on the release of five pituitary hormones (thyrotropin [TSH], prolactin [Prol], growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]) were examined in 45 patients with major depressive disorder and 32 healthy volunteers. Although mean pituitary responses to protirelin in depressed patients and controls appeared to be comparable, depressed patients had higher SDs in all cases. Twelve patients (26.7%) but no controls had two or more abnormal hormonal responses to protirelin administration. The use of several nonparametric analyses revealed significant differences in patterns of hormonal response between depressed patients and controls for TSH, Prol, and FSH. These findings support the hypothesis that increased variability of neuroendocrine responsiveness represents a fundamental aspect of physiologic function in patients with endogenous depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Improvement in ratings of tension after TRH administration in healthy women.

Administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), 400 micrograms i.v., to healthy premenopausal women resulted in improvement in ratings of tension on the 100 mm line test. The max. mean improvement in tension ratings was significantly greater after TRH than after saline (t = 2.27, df = 9, p less than 0.05); after TRH administration, eight of 10 subjects showed greater than 30% improvement in tension ratings, while only three of 10 subjects receiving saline reported a comparable degree of improvement. No significant improvement in ratings of mood state were noted after administration of either TRH or saline. These findings extend previous reports of behavioral effects of TRH in normal subjects. The possibility that the behavioral effects of TRH may be influenced by the state of activity of the CNS is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The dexamethasone suppression test in outpatients with primary affective disorder and healthy control subjects.

The authors report data on the overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) from 64 patients with primary affective disorder (41 unipolar, 17 bipolar-depressed, and 6 bipolar-hypomanic) and 53 healthy control subjects. No difference between the patients and controls was noted in baseline 8:00 a.m. serum cortisol levels or in cortisol levels obtained after the administration of 1 mg of dexamethasone. Sixteen patients and 8 controls had 4:00 p.m. postdexamethasone cortisol levels higher than 5.0 micrograms/dl. The distribution of suppressors and nonsuppressors did not differ significantly between the two groups. Patient nonsuppressors had significantly higher baseline cortisol levels than did patient suppressors (p less than .001). Clinical parameters and family history data did not distinguish patient suppressors from nonsuppressors.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an evidently underdiagnosed but potentially lethal consequence of treatment with potent neuroleptics. The author presents a detailed review of the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of the NMS as described in the world literature. Further studies of the incidence, etiology and pathogenesis of the NMS may enhance knowledge of neuroleptic pharmacology and produce more effective means of prevention and treatment.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lethal catatonia: clinical aspects and therapeutic intervention. A review of the literature].

Lethal catatonia continues to occur and represents a nonspecific syndrome associated with diverse organic as well as functional conditions. From this perspective, neuroleptic malignant syndrome may be conceptualized as a neuroleptic-induced toxic or iatrogenic form of organic lethal catatonia. Neuroleptics appear ineffective in the treatment of lethal catatonia and should be stopped whenever this disorder is suspected. Existing data suggest that ECT is a safe and effective treatment for lethal catatonia. ECT also appears effective in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Antipsychotic Agents↗