Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Muzzo

Publications and source records attributed to S Muzzo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Anthropometric characteristics of school children graduated from basic and secondary education in the Metropolitan area of Santiago de Chile].

An anthropometric assessment of the nutritional status and growth of students graduating from Basic (8th grade) and Secondary (4th grade) Education was carried out. A group sample of 522 students from the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, Chile, was randomly selected. The same number of students by sex, dependency (public and private schools) from high, medium and low socioeconomic levels (SEL) was chosen. SEL was measured through the Graffar Modified Scale, and the percentage of weight for age (% W/A), height/age (% H/A) and weight/height (% W/H) were evaluated in accordance with the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference pattern. The % adequacy of head circumference/age (% HC/A) was determined by the Tanner Tables, and the % of upper to lower segment ratio (% US/LS), by the Tables of Muzzo et al. Results revealed that the % of W/A and of H/A were diminished in students of both sexes, while the % of UP/LS, was increased in males of low SEL, from Basic Education; this impact is lost in males graduating from Secondary Education and persists only in the LSE females. No differences in the nutritional status (% W/H) of students according to SEL, were found. Females registered values over 110% of the WHO standard, a finding suggesting a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. We conclude that there is a growth retardation in students graduating from 8th Basic Grade, which persists only in females from 4th grade of Secondary Education. This finding indicates that, in addition to possible environmental factors, other factors, probably of genetic order, also influence the latter. Overweight and obesity, therefore, constitute an important problem that merits measures of preventive nature directed to avoid future consequences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Influence of nutrition on the bone development of children].

The effect of nutrition on infant bone age was studied. Bone age was examined in children with different degrees of malnutrition using wrist X-Rays and comparing them with Greulich and Pyle Atlas. There were no differences in the socioeconomic level of the different groups. In obese children bone age was advanced, while in under-nourished, it was retarded. The more severe the undernutrition the more delayed the bone age. A positive correlation between the percentage of variation of bone age and chronological age, and percentage of height for age was found. A greater delay in bone age was detected in undernourished children who had been small for date infants.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of iodine deficiency during intrauterine and early postnatal life on DNA synthesis in liver and brain of rats].

Iodine deficiency during intrauterine and early postnatal life of the rat produces a transient decrease in the DNA content of brain and cerebellum, which is spontaneously recovered without replacement therapy. Results of the study revealed that DNA synthesis measured through thymidine-H3 incorporation to DNA, was increased at 21 days of life in liver, brain and cerebellum, indicative of a higher activity of DNA synthesis. This prolongation of the critical period of brain cell multiplication in iodine deficient rats, suggests, therefore, an alteration of brain maturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Sex hormones binding globulin in lying-in women and their newborn infants with intrauterine malnutrition].

The purpose of this research was to study the binding capacity of estrogens to the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in mothers and their intrauterine malnourished newborns. Blood samples were obtained from mothers at delivery, and from babies, of the umbilical cord. SHBG was measured according to the method of Mickelson and Petra. It was found in mothers of malnourished babies that the binding capacity of serum protein to dehydrotestosterone (DHT) was significantly decreased in comparison to the controls (10.63 +/- 1.61 vs 13.25 +/- 2.18 micrograms DHT/dl serum, respectively), whereas it was significantly increased in intrauterine malnourished newborns (1.01 +/- 0.24 vs 0.77 +/- 0.18, respectively). These results suggest that SHBG decrease in mothers of intrauterine malnourished newborns occurs due to a decrease in the production of fetal adrenal hormone precursors and may, therefore, be a compensating mechanism to increase placental flow.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Histological maturation of astroglial cells in the archicortex of early malnourished rats.

The maturation of fibrous astrocytes was studied in the archicortex (hippocampus) of rats subjected to early postnatal malnutrition. A decrease in the number of protoplasmic processes and end-feet in fibrous astrocytes from the cortical molecular layer was observed. In animals refed after weaning the number of protoplasmic processes returned to normal while that of end-feet remained unchanged. The diameter of the perikaryon was reduced. It is postulated that early malnutrition, induced immediately after birth, impairs differentiation of astroglia in the archicortex of the rat brain, probably as a response secondary to altered neuronal and capillary development.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Parturient socioeconomic level in Greater Santiago and various factors influencing the weight of their newborn infants].

A study in a representative sample of mothers and their newborns of Santiago City was carried out. It was found that present socioeconomic level (SEL) of the mother correlates with educational level, civil status and origin, as well as with anthropometrical parameters of nutritional status during her infancy. In a multiple regression analysis, however, SEL had little influence (0.56%) on the weight of the newborn. This finding suggests that there are other factors in these mothers that influence fetal growth.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Y chromosome sequences in Turner's syndrome: association with virilization and gonadoblastoma.

UNLABELLED: The presence of Y chromosome fragments in patients with Turner's syndrome is known to increase the risk of gonadoblastoma and virilization. Y chromosome material is detected in up to 6% of patients with Turner's syndrome by karyotype. By DNA analysis, Y chromosome sequences have been reported in 0-60% of patients. The putative gonadoblastoma gene has been mapped to the pericentromeric region of the Y chromosome increasing the interest in studying these sequences. AIMS: 1. To determine the frequency of occult Y chromosome sequences in patients with Turner's syndrome. 2. To analyze the clinical implications of Y sequences detected by karyotype and occult Y sequences. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of 58 patients with Turner's syndrome (30 45,X; two with structural anomalies; 26 mosaic [two of whom were 45,X/46,XY]). SRY, TSPY and DYZ3 sequences were amplified by PCR using genomic DNA from peripheral blood. RESULTS: All three Y chromosome sequences were found in one out of 56 patients whose karyotype was not suggestive of having Y chromosome material and in one patient with 45,X/46,Xr(X) karyotype. The patients with the ring chromosome and 45,X/46,XY karyotype underwent surgery and were found to have a gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma. The four patients with Y chromosome material had non-virilized female genitalia. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis by PCR was more sensitive in detecting Y chromosome sequences than conventional karyotype. The presence of Y material was not associated with virilization. We confirmed the association of Y fragments and gonadoblastoma at an early age.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sex information of adolescents according to sex].

Information about sexual matters among adolescents according to sex, parent-adolescent communication and religious practices were studied in a sample that is representative of school-children from various socioeconomic levels at metropolitan Santiago, Chile (n = 1.782). Girls get more information from mothers than do boys (p less than 0.0001) which in turn obtain more information from teachers (72.3%), father (50.8%), friends (50.3%) and communication media (39.8%) than girls. Females usually know less about age at which both sexes are able to procreate and become responsible parents than boys (p less than 0.00001). Only about one half of girls and one third of boys regularly practice religion (p less than 0.0001). These results may be related with persistent high rates of pregnancies in adolescent girls in spite of generally declining birth rates and may indicate a need to provide sexual education, which should be given by mothers and teachers, specially among girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Etiology of growth retardation in children of adolescent mothers].

The influence of some nutritional and hormonal factors in the growth failure detected in children of teenage mothers belonging to medium-low socioeconomic level (SEL) was studied. They were compared with children of mothers older than twenty years of the name SEL. Only growth retarded children of teenage mothers had significant delay in bone age, compared with chronological age (14.8 +/- 4.1 vs 18.2 +/- 2.2 months respectively). Children with growth failure had significantly lower plasma Zn (85.7 +/- 13.3 vs 94.6 +/- 17.9 micrograms/dl), Cu (106.2 +/- 32.5 vs 122.0 +/- 13.8 micrograms/dl) and hemoglobin (Hb) (11.7 +/- 2.1 vs 12.8 +/- 2.1 micrograms/dl) levels. No differences in plasmatic levels of thyrotropin, thyroid hormones and response of growth hormone to L-Dopa stimulation were detected in comparison with those of children with normal stature. We concluded that etiological factors of growth failure were similar in children of teenage and adult mothers according to the parameters analyzed. The increased prevalence of growth failure in children of teenage mothers may be due to a greater impact of the analyzed factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and anosmia: Kallman's syndrome].

Three male adolescents with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia (Kallmann Syndrome) and treated with testosterone enantate are presented. The type of inheritance, the importance of others clinical signs and symptoms in an early diagnosis, variations in the response of gonadotropins and prolactin to LHRH and chlorpromazine. The optimal treatment schedule with testosterone for these patients seems to be intramuscular testosterone enantate 200 mg at two weeks intervals. Longer intervals produce less satisfactory responses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of endemic goiter among school children of central and southern Chile].

The prevalence of endemic goiter was evaluated during 1986 in 1,015 school age children from basic public schools of Santiago and Temuco, Chile. The prevalence of goiter, defined by WHO's standards was 7.6% as a whole, without differences related to children's geographical origin. A greater prevalence of goiter, in females than in males, which increased with age, was detected. Prevalence of endemic goiter decreased from year 1982 to year 1986 from 18.8% to 7.4% in similar samples of school children from Santiago. This change may be due to preventive iodination of table salt.

Adolescent↗