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Biomedical subjects

S Murayama

Publications and source records attributed to S Murayama.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effects of contrast media on left ventricular function. Comparison with iohexol and diatrizoate].

To investigate the effects of a low-osmolar nonionic (Iohexol: I) and a high osmolar ionic contrast media (Diatrizoate: D) on left ventricular (LV) function after left ventriculography (LVG), we studied 19 patients with coronary artery disease (I: 9 cases, D: 10 cases) during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The first LVG was performed by injecting 40 ml of I or D at a rate of 12 ml/sec, measuring simultaneous LV pressure with a catheter tip manometer (Millar instruments). At 4 minutes after the first LVG, we repeated hemodynamic measurements and LVG. Single-plane volumes (RAO 30 degrees) were calculated every 20 msec (50 frame/sec) using the area-length method. LV systolic function was estimated by ejection fraction (EF), ratio of end-systolic pressure to end-systolic volume (ESP/ESV) and maximal (+)dP/dt. LV relaxation was assessed by the time constant (T) of LV pressure decay. LV diastolic compliance was evaluated by the diastolic pressure-volume (PV) relationship. Results. 1. LV end-diastolic pressure and volume were augmented more significantly in D than in I group, probably due to the difference of their osmolarity. 2. EF increased in D group with increase of LV preload after the first LVG, but didn't change in I group. ESP/ESV and maximal(+)dP/dt were not changed after the first LVG in both groups. 3. LV isovolumic relaxation remained unchanged with I and D. 4. LV diastolic PV relation curve shifted upward more in D than I group. We conclude that Iohexol has less influences on LV function than Diatrizoate and may be used in high risk patients.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1989

Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study of Lewy body-like hyaline inclusions in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Lewy body-like hyaline inclusion (LI) in the neuronal soma and swollen cord-like processes is a characteristic feature in the anterior horn cells and neurons in thoracic nucleus (Clarke) of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with posterior column involvement. We have studied the LI in the case of two sisters with this disorders. Microscopically the LI consists of an eosinophilic "core" surrounded by a basophilic "halo". Ultrastructurally the core consists of granule-associated filaments, while the halo consists of normal-looking neurofilament. Immunocytochemistry with anti-ubiquitin antibody shows that these granule-associated filaments in the core are highly ubiquitinated, while the normal-looking neurofilaments in the halo are not recognized by anti-ubiquitin antibody. Our study proves that LI consists of an aggregation of ubiquitinated filaments among a neurofilamentous accumulation, possibly representing a form of neuronal cytoskeletal disorganization in familial ALS.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1989

Arteriovenous malformation of the spinal cord. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the intramedullary abnormal vessels.

We report a case of spinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in which detailed morphological examination of the intramedullary vascular lesion was carried out employing serial section studies. The relationship of the malformation to parenchymal lesions was evaluated. An abnormal vessel at the spinomedullary transition, whose lamina elastica was partially interrupted, was suggestive of a shunt vessel. The location of the intramedullary abnormal vessels and foci of softening of the spinal cord almost overlapped in distribution. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the intramedullary abnormal vessels demonstrated marked elongation and tortuosity of the original vascular architecture and they ended in the extramedullary abnormal vessels with thickened wall. Thus, our study showed that the intramedullary abnormal vessels were the result of secondary changes subsequent to pressure and volume overload inflicted upon the spinal venous system through AVM. Compression by tortuous elongation of the intramedullary vessels is the apparent cause of the parenchymal softening. A traumatic factor in the aetiology of the AVM was also discussed, since the patient had had two preceding episodes of traffic accidents with cranial and lumbar injury. Trauma seemed to be significant factor as a trigger of symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The role of radiation therapy in treatment with preservation of shape and function in intraoral cancer].

The goal in treating intraoral cancer is to obtain tumor control with preservation of shape and function of oral cavity. For T1, T2 lesions of the tongue, the floor of the mouth and the cheek mucosa, interstitial radiation therapy provides a control rate of 80-90% with excellent preservation of function. With surgical salvage for persistent or recurrent tumor, the ultimate control rate is 90-95%. Unfortunately, for more advanced lesions surgery is frequently required to obtain local control. The use of bleomycin or peplomycin in simultaneous combination with external radiation therapy provides a good chance of local control without surgery. For T1, T2 lesions of the lower gum and the cheek mucosa complete response rate is approximately 65% and 70% of these are cured without surgery. With surgical salvage for persistent or recurrent tumor the ultimate control rate is 90%. For most of the poor responders surgery or interstitial irradiation is required to control the tumor.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1989

[Prognostic factors of malignant lymphoma].

Advances in staging and more refined radiation techniques and the combination chemotherapy have lead marked improvement of survival of patients with Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The important prognostic factors used for choosing treatment programs are stage, histology, tumor bulk and the site of involvement for patients with early stage disease. Tumor bulk is considered as an important variable when patients are treated with radiation therapy alone. However, aggressive staging and effective therapy tend to obscure the differences in survival and relapse-free survival that would be observed in untreated patients and may be difficult to identify prognostic factors.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of very low density lipoprotein from Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.

We investigated the properties of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) from two types of Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits: one with a high incidence of coronary atherosclerosis (type 1), and the other with a low incidence (type 2). When incubated with mouse peritoneal macrophages, VLDL from type 1 WHHL rabbit (type 1-VLDL) stimulated cholesteryl ester synthesis 10.5-fold more than VLDL from the type 2 WHHL rabbit (type 2-VLDL) did. Moreover, a similar difference was seen in the stimulation of cholesteryl ester synthesis in peritoneal macrophages isolated from the WHHL rabbits. The mass ratios of cholesterol to protein in type 1- and type 2-VLDL were 5.69 and 2.05, respectively. Agarose gel electrophoresis of type 1-VLDL showed beta mobility, and that of type 2-VLDL showed pre-beta mobility. No difference was seen between the sizes of VLDL particles of the two types. The amount of apolipoprotein E in type 1-VLDL was greater than that in type 2-VLDL. In conclusion, the difference between type 1 and type 2 WHHL rabbits is at least partly due to the presence in type 1 animals of VLDL particles rich in cholesteryl esters and apolipoprotein E, particles which are very similar to beta-VLDL in conformation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Para-acetabular periarthritis calcarea: its radiographic manifestations.

On retrospective reviews of radiographs, periarthritis calcarea was distinguished from os acetabula by interval radiographic progression and regression. Among 59 men and 51 women, there were 137 instances of para-acetabular calcifications and ossifications, which were morphologically classified as 58 discrete, 58 amorphous, and 21 segmented types. Correlations with other radiographic abnormalities, symptoms, signs, and laboratory abnormalities were sought, but not established. Out of 93 serially imaged opacities, 90 changed, including 37 of the 40 instances (92.5%) of the discrete type and 53 instances (100%) of the amorphous and segmented types--due to periarthritis calcarea. At least 43 of 90 densities were newly developed. Mean age at first detection was 47.7 years. Three of the discrete densities were unchanged and represented os acetabula. Thus, recognition of para-acetabular periarthritis calcarea is not only of academic importance; it can facilitate proper treatment as well.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1988

Chondrosarcoma of the mandible. Report of case and a survey of 23 cases in the Japanese literature.

A huge chondrosarcoma of the mandible (80 X 95 X 100 mm in size) with extension into the infratemporal fossa is described. The tumour was successfully treated by surgical removal and postoperative irradiation. A survey of the Japanese literature revealed 23 cases of chondrosarcoma with involvement of the mandible. The tumours occurred equally in males and females whose mean age was 38 years. The molar region was the site of predilection. The most common symptom was swelling and it was accompanied by pain in 7 cases and paraesthesia in 5 cases. Radiographically, the lesions were quite variable and with the exception of 3 cases in which information was not available, they consisted of a combination of irregular radiopacity and radiolucency in 9 cases, whereas the predominant feature was radiopacity in 6 cases and radiolucency in 4 cases. There was no radiographical abnormality in 2 cases. Root resorption of adjacent teeth was noted in 3 of 6 cases where information existed. Computed tomography was thought to be quite valuable in determining the nature and extent of the tumour. Although an elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase was observed in our case, results of laboratory tests were mostly of no diagnostic significance. Surgical removal was employed in 22 cases alone or in conjunction with irradiation and/or chemotherapy. Of 14 cases on whom information was available, local recurrence occurred in 6 cases in which radiotherapy was not given and distant metastasis in 2 of 10 cases on whom information was available. Of 20 patients on whom information was available on the postoperative course, 7 patients died 5 months to 6 years after the primary treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of highly sensitive thyroid stimulating hormone immunoradiometric assay (RIABEAD II) kit].

To clarify clinical evaluation of highly sensitive thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) using RIABEAD II kit, we measured serum TSH and its changes after TRH test in normal subjects and patients with hyper- or hypothyroidism due to Grave's disease, TSH-producing pituitary adenoma and chronic thyroiditis or Refetoff's syndrome. In 12 normals, basal TSH (0.23-1.85 microIU/ml) increased in 2.29-18.85 microIU/ml 30 min after TRH test. In patients whose serum TSH and thyroid hormone showed less than 0.10 microIU/ml and more than normal level, respectively, no response of TSH to TRH was observed, while in patients whose serum TSH and thyroid hormone showed more than 3.5 microIU/ml and less than normal level, respectively, hyperresponse of TSH to TRH was observed. In patients with hyper- or hypothyroidism, changes in serum TSH after treatment were normalized a few months later after normalizing of thyroid hormone. In patients with TSH-producing pituitary tumor or Refetoff's syndrome, serum TSH increased. These results show that serum TSH using IRMA-(RIABEAD II) kit indicates a precise function of pituitary TSH.

Adult↗