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Biomedical subjects

S Munakata

Publications and source records attributed to S Munakata.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A case of ovarian Brenner tumor with stromal estrogenic activity.

An 88-year-old menopausal Japanese female suffering from atypical genital bleeding received a left oophorectomy for a tumor of the left ovary. A vaginal smear before removal of the tumor revealed high estrogenic activity. The patient's ovarian tumor was a benign Brenner tumor and contained theca-like cells in its stroma. The pathological findings relating to these theca-like cells suggested their estrogenic activity, and a vaginal smear after removal of the tumor revealed that estrogenic activity had disappeared.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

A multilabeling technique for simultaneous demonstration and quantitation of Ki-67 and nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in paraffin-embedded tissue.

Although many investigators have demonstrated a relationship between argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) and Ki-67 expression in solid tumors, no previous studies have simultaneously assessed the relationship between AgNOR and Ki-67 expression in paraffin-embedded tissue. We describe a method for simultaneous demonstration and quantitation of Ki-67 and AgNORs in routinely processed tissue. The Ki-67 equivalent monoclonal antibody MIB1, which can detect proliferative activity in routinely processed tissue with microwave heating, was employed. Fresh human tonsil tissue was fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin for Ki-67/AgNOR dual staining. Image analysis was employed for quantitation of AgNOR staining in Ki-67-positive and Ki-67-negative nuclei. The double-staining procedure had no measurable effect on the individual parameters: Ki-67 labeling index, mean AgNOR number (NN), and NOR percentage nuclear area (NPNA). However, microwave processing for Ki-67 immunostaining significantly increased nuclear area (NA) and AgNOR area (AA). A significant difference was found between Ki-67-positive and Ki-67-negative cells for NN (p < 0.001), NA (p < 0.001), AA (p < 0.001), and NPNA (p < 0.001). These results suggest a direct relationship between AgNOR and Ki-67 in paraffin-embedded tissue.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1994

[Progressive external ophthalmoplegia with extensive mitochondrial DNA deletion].

We report extensive deletion of muscle mitochondrial DNA and ophthalmological findings in a patient with progressive external ophthalmoplegia. The patient was a twenty-nine-year-old female who had suffered from slowly progressive external ophthalmoplegia for ten years. No abnormal finding was observed in the funduscopic examination, but fluorescein angiography showed mottled hyperfluorescence. The final rod threshold for the dark adaptation testing was slightly elevated. The flash electroretinogram showed a slightly attenuated b wave. Ragged-red fibers were observed in muscle biopsies. A biochemical and histochemical study showed that cytochrome c oxydase activity was reduced. The length of deletion of the mitochondrial DNA, determined by polymerase chain reaction, was 4977 base pairs, flanked by a 13-base pair direct repeat.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effect of fixation time and microwave oven heating time on retrieval of the Ki-67 antigen from paraffin-embedded tissue.

Microwave oven heating has been employed for retrieval of antigens from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue for immunohistochemical staining. Recently, a Ki-67 equivalent murine monoclonal antibody was generated which can detect tumor proliferative activity in routinely processed tissue with microwave oven heating. We assessed the effect of fixation time (4, 24, or 48 hr) and microwave oven heating time (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, or 49 min) on retrieval of the Ki-67 antigen from tonsil tissue. Ki-67 staining was quantitated by image analysis. Owing to the heterogeneity of Ki-67 staining within and between germinal centers, we employed a measurement technique that averages staining across the germinal centers of each section. Good Ki-67 immunostaining was observed for all microwave oven heating times in tissue fixed for 4 hr. In contrast, poor immunostaining was observed in tissue fixed for 48 hr unless a heating time of at least 14 min was used. Tonsil fixed for 24 or 48 hr showed a significant increase in percentage positive nuclear area after microwave times of 14 or 21 min. Prolonged heating time (up to 49 min) had no effect on the quality of Ki-67 staining in tissue fixed for 4 or 48 hr.

Formaldehyde↗
PubMed1993

Morphometric analysis of AgNORs in imprints and sections from non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. An approach to standardization.

The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) technique was applied to tissue sections and touch imprints from 20 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). The mean nuclear area (NA), mean AgNOR area/nucleus (AA) and NOR percentage nuclear area (NPNA) were determined using image analysis. The AgNOR count, NA and AA were significantly higher in touch imprints than tissue sections within tumors of the same histologic grade. However, no significant difference was observed for NPNA between imprints and sections within tumors of the same grade. Both the mean AgNOR number and the NPNA were significantly higher in aggressive NHL (n = 10) than indolent NHL (n = 10), regardless of sampling method. It is suggested that the NPNA is invariant to the sampling technique; NPNA values from touch imprints and tissue sections can be compared directly. Furthermore, because NPNA is calculated independent of AgNOR number, it is less subjective than manual counting.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1991

Appearance of a carcinoid-like pattern in rat hepatic tumors induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethyl-aminoazobenzene.

This study investigated the histological distribution of argyrophilic cells in experimental hepatic neoplasms, the number of these cells, and the proportion of neoplasms with such cells. Seventy 6-week-old male Donryu rats were given a 0.06% 3'-methyl-4-dimethyl-aminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB) diet for 10 weeks, followed by an ordinary diet for an additional 10 weeks. Of the 70 rats, 50 were used for this investigation; 29 had hepatic tumors, 18 had cholangiofibrosis, and the other three had oval cell proliferation only. Hepatic tissues were stained with Grimelius and Fontana-Masson stains as well as routine hematoxylin-eosin stain. Argyrophilic cells were found in the hepatic neoplasms of 8 rats without argentaffin cells, while cholangiofibrosis was associated with argentaffin cells in almost all cases. Of the 8 rats with argyrophilic cells, three had an abundant population of these cells. The argyrophilic cells were found in areas of the neoplasms with a glandular, trabecular, tubular, or poorly differentiated pattern. Electron microscopy revealed that the neoplastic cells with a positive argyrophil reaction contained small round electron-dense endocrine granules. In addition, in the areas of cholangiofibrosis, two different types of gut endocrine cells were present (G and EC cells). These results suggest that 3'-MeDAB might induce hepatic carcinoid under certain conditions, though we have yet to confirm the development of a pure hepatic carcinoid due to this substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Accumulation of technetium-99m MDP in pseudomyxoma peritonei.

An ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma which moderately accumulated Tc-99m MDP was imaged during a whole body bone scan. The primary tumor and its implants in the peritoneal cavity were both visualized and correlated with US and TCT scan findings. As a result, the radiopharmaceutical distribution accurately delineated the primary tumor and the region of tumor involvement within the peritoneal cavity. Therefore, a whole body bone scan offers a potential method for assessing neoplastic size and spread.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The syndrome of continuous muscle fibre activity: light and electron microscopic studies in muscle and nerve biopsies.

Histological and ultrastructural studies were performed on nerve and muscle biopsy specimens from two patients with the syndrome of continuous muscle fibre activity. The characteristics of muscle biopsies were as follows. By light microscopy, internal nuclei were present in many of the fibres. By electron microscopy many fibres contained filamentous bodies and subsarcolemmal aggregates of mitochondria embedded in the peripheral zone of cytoplasm, and occasional mitochondria with disorganized or branched cristae were larger than normal. Biopsies of sural nerves revealed a decreased number of myelinated fibres, clusters of small myelinated fibres, and evidence of active axonal degeneration such as disintegrated myelin segments and degenerated axon components, as well as loss of axonal contents. With the present biopsy findings, it is suggested that the pathological process of this syndrome affects peripheral nerves as well as muscles.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

[A case report of carcinoid of the rectum coexisting with adenocarcinoma in a single lesion].

A 69-year-old female, chiefly complaining of diarrhea, was admitted to the Toyama Medical & Pharmaceutical University Hospital. A barium enema and an endoscopic examination revealed a villous adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Computerized tomography disclosed multiple metastatic lesions in the liver. She underwent an amptatio recti and an intra-arterial cannulation of the common hepatic artery in order to administer anticancer agents. Gross findings of the resected specimen showed villous adenocarcinoma containing a small ulcerated lesion. Histologic findings of this lesion revealed a collision neoplasm containing both an adenocarcinoma and a carcinoid with no obvious transitional region between the two lesions. The type D carcinoid, determined according to Soga's histologic classification, showed positive argyrophil granules but no argentaffin granules in the cytoplasm. The electron-microscopic findings of the carcinoid revealed small electron-dense endocrine granules measuring about 150 approximately 300 nm in diameter. The woman died 4 months after this operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[The significance of alpha-fetoprotein-negativity in the interstitial area of total hydatidiform mole tissue].

UNLABELLED: The presence of the fetal component is an important factor in explaining the mechanism of the occurrence of the hydatidiform mole. But we have not confirmed in which phase the fertilized becomes a fetus. Therefore the mechanism of the occurrence of hydatidiform mole was investigated, using alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) produced in the fetal liver and the yolk sac, as a parameter. Total hydatidiform moles, partial hydatidiform moles, chorionic villi obtained from normal pregnancy artificially terminated and spontaneous abortion, and also the fetal liver, umbilical cord, and intestine were examined. Paraffin sections of these materials were examined for the presence of AFP by a peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method. RESULTS: In the fetal liver, the gelatinous area of the umbilical cord the lamina propria mucosae of the intestine, and the AFP were stained positive. In the interstitial area of the chorionic villi of normal pregnancy, the AFP was positive (78.3% n = 23). But in the villous epithelium, the AFP was negative. In the interstitial area of the chorionic villi of spontaneous abortion, the AFP was positive (88.9% n = 9). But in the villous epithelium, the AFP was negative. In the interstitial area of the partial hydatidiform mole, the AFP was positive (100% n = 6). In the epithelial area, the AFP was negative. No localization of the AFP was found in either the interstitial area or the epithelial area of the cyst of total hydatidiform mole (100% n = 7). We concluded that the AFP exuded to tissues derived from mesoblast by feto-chorionic circulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical value of urinary kallikrein determination in obstetrics].

Whether to determine the urinary kallikrein (UKK) level in the second trimester of pregnancy is valuable or not for the prediction of gestosis, especially of hypertension in the third trimester of pregnancy, was studied on 700 cases of pregnant women including 50 cases of gestosis. The main results obtained were as follows. Sixty cases of 610 non-gestotic women were low in UKK, and 17 of these cases later resulted in gestosis or preterm delivery. When a patient with mild gestosis and/or hypertension was admitted, the UKK level was elevated significantly in general by bed rest and a low-salt diet. The UKK level was more significantly lowered in threatened preterm delivery than in normal pregnant women (p less than 0.001). A close positive correlation was seen between UKK levels and prostaglandin E2 in urine in pregnant women (n = 30, r = 0.528). A relatively close correlation was seen between UKK levels and roll-over test results (n = 30). From these results, the authors reached the conclusion that to determine UKK in the second trimester of pregnancy is quite valuable in predicting not only gestosis and/or hypertension in the third trimester of pregnancy but also preterm delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix].

A 50-year-old man was admitted with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis on January, 5, 1984 and an appendectomy was performed on the same day. The acutely inflamed appendix measured 7 cm in length, and a gross tumor, was seen at the apex. Histologic examination of the gross tumor, which was 1.7 cm in diameter, revealed a neoplasm representing a goblet cell carcinoid. Silver impregnation by both the Grimelius and Masson-Fontana methods disclosed a positive reaction in some neoplastic cells. Electron microscopically, endocrine granules with both limiting membranes and ahlos, 100-210 nm in diameter, were present in the neoplastic cells, Because of the relatively large size of the tumor and neoplastic invasion to the mesoappedix in this case and, in addition, the possible malignant nature of carcinoid tumor, ileoascendocolectomy was performed as an additional operation.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1985

The effects of M-protein fraction of hemolytic streptococci on embryonic heart in the rat.

Wistar rats were administered M-protein fraction (MP) of group A type 12 hemolytic streptococci on day 9 of gestation. When 9 mg/kg of MP was injected, the incidence of malformations was 11.8%, and the incidence of cardiovascular malformations was 7.9%. The main malformations were ventricular septal defect, microphthalmia, and hydrocephaly. Light and electron microscopic studies revealed no myocarditis nor endocarditis in either the maternal or fetal heart. Fluorescent antibody technique demonstrated no immunological cross-reaction between MP and rat heart tissue. The results suggest that MP is slightly teratogenic in the rat.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1985

[Urinary kallikrein levels during pregnancy].

Whether to determine the urinary kallikrein (UKK) levels in the second trimester of pregnancy is valuable in predicting of gestosis, especially of hypertension, was studied using samples of urine obtained from 500 cases of pregnant women without gestosis, 50 pregnant women with gestosis and 50 cases of pregnancy with a variety of complications other than gestosis. The main results obtained were as follows: In normal pregnancy, UKK levels elevated with pregnancy for a peak in the first to the second trimester of pregnancy, tapering off thereafter. The UKK level was significantly lower in 20 pregnant women with gestosis especially in hypertensive type than in pregnant women without gestosis (p less than 0.001). Pregnant women with normal blood pressure who suffered no gestosis and had an extremely low UKK level, accounted for 9.8% of all pregnant women studied. This figure includes a large number of those who were in a high risk group for the onset of gestosis. From these findings, UKK was considered to be useful as one of the factors used in predicting the onset of hypertension in association with gestosis and we are now studying pregnant women in the 20th and 30th week of pregnancy in more detail.

Female↗