Biomedical subjects

S Morikawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Morikawa.

350 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Depressed natural killer (NK) function in blood and marrow is related to the decrease in CD 11+ cells in acute leukemia.

The natural killer (NK) cell activity of the blood and marrow was studied in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). NK activity of the cells from blood and marrow was significantly decreased in AML to three target cell lines. Both binding and killing capacities of the effector cells were deeply depressed in the blood as well as in the marrow at single cell assay. Surface phenotypic analysis showed a significant decrease in CD 11+ cell subsets, but not in CD 16+ or Leu-7+ cells, in both blood and marrow cells from AML. A significant decrease of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) was also displayed in these samples at morphological examination. The effector cells from AML patients poorly responded to interferon stimulation in NK cytolysis. Taken together, a decrease in CD 11+ cell population with LGL morphology appeared to be responsible for the impaired NK activity in patients with AML.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

High cytotoxic cell activity in the marrow from patients with aplastic anemia.

The mechanism which produces marrow failure in idiopathic aplastic anemia is still unknown. Recent investigations have suggested the crucial role of NK cells in the regulation of normal hematopoiesis. In this study, the cytotoxic activity of mononuclear cells from human bone marrow and peripheral blood was examined against three NK-sensitive target cell lines in 15 patients with aplastic anemia as well as 21 normal subjects. Marrow mononuclear cells from aplastic anemia demonstrated a high cytotoxicity comparable to peripheral blood NK cells to these target cells. Neither large granular lymphocytes nor the cells expressing known NK cell surface phenotypes increased in aplastic marrow cell elements. The aplastic marrow cells showed strong killing activity rather than binding at single cell assay. They consisted of non-adherent and adherent cell population in plastic adherence and were unresponsive to IFN treatment. The existence of cytotoxic cells with high NK-like activity may be responsible for the mechanism of marrow failure in aplastic anemia.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Inability of a strain of Seoul virus to transmit itself vertically in rats.

SR-11 strain of Seoul virus was inoculated into new-born female rats. These rats at the age of 13 weeks were mated with uninfected male rats. The virus was transmitted to the male rats, but the offsprings were not infected from their mather rat owing to the maternal antibody. No intrauterine transmission of the virus was observed. We assumed that SR-11 type strain of Seoul virus could not be disseminated among rats in nature.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of VP4 and VP7 of a murine rotavirus (YR-1) isolated in Japan.

Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7 of a murine rotavirus strain (YR-1) isolated in Japan were determined. Comparisons of the VP7 amino acid sequence of YR-1 with other murine rotavirus strains (EB, EW, EC, EL and EHP) (1) showed that YR-1 was highly homologous to EB, EW, EC, EL and EHP. Moreover, YR-1 was more closely related to strains representing G3 than to any other G type. Analysis of the VP4 amino acid sequence revealed that YR-1 was highly homologous to EB, EW, EC and EL [tentatively P17 (1)], and more closely related to EHP [tentatively P18 (1)] than to any other P type. Enzyme immunoassay with monoclonal antibodies against G types (KU-4 and BH49 for G1, S2-2G10 and BW36 for G2, YO-1E2 and BC5 for G3; and ST-2G7 and BE18 for G4) and against a P type (YO-1S3, KU-12H and YO-2C2 for P8) showed no reactivity. These results indicate that YR-1 is highly homologous to EB, EW, EC and EL.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intussusception: the role of general anesthesia during hydrostatic barium reduction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 74 patients with intussusception were divided into two groups: 43 cases in 39 patients between April 1974 and June 1988 were treated under general anesthesia, and 39 cases in 35 patients between July 1988 and January 1994 were treated without it. We compared the success rates of barium reduction of intussusception in the two groups and used Fisher's exact probability test to assess whether they differed significantly. RESULTS: The overall success rates with general anesthesia and without general anesthesia were 91% (39/43) and 95% (37/39), respectively. The use of general anesthesia did not significantly affect the success rate of barium reduction (p > 0.3). CONCLUSION: The use of general anesthesia for hydrostatic barium reduction of intussusception did not improve the success rate of this procedure. Therefore we recommend that, in view of its associated disadvantages, general anesthesia should not be used during this procedure.

Anesthesia, General↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Extended right hepatic lobectomy: combined resection of inferior vena cava and its reconstruction by EPTFE graft (Gore-Tex). Case report.

A 66-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma successfully underwent extended right hepatic lobectomy and combined resection of the right adrenal gland, right dome of the diaphragm and inferior vena cava including reconstruction with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (EPTFE) tube under a centrifugal pump driven veno-venous bypass without heparin. After 12 months, the graft was patent and there was no sign of recurrence.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diffusion-weighted MR in experimental sustained seizures elicited with kainic acid.

PURPOSE: To investigate the early changes in diffusion-weighted MR images in the sustained limbic seizures. METHOD: Intraperitoneal injection of kainic acid was used to induce sustained limbic seizures in seven rats. The animals were investigated with serial 2.0-T MR imaging beginning immediately after kainic acid-induced seizures, and at 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days after the kainic acid injection. Diffusion-weighted spin-echo and T2-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficients were sequentially assessed and compared with histologic changes. The results were compared with eight control animals given buffered saline intraperitoneally. RESULTS: Diffusion-weighted MR images revealed an increase in signal intensity bilaterally in the amygdala and the piriform cortices immediately after the sustained seizures, whereas T2-weighted images did not show changes in signal intensity at this time. Both diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted images showed marked increase in signal intensities in these same areas 24 hours after kainic acid injection. The apparent diffusion coefficient values were significantly lower in the area of the amygdala and the piriform cortex immediately after and lower again 24 hours after the sustained seizures. The area of hyperintensity in diffusion-weighted images was concordant with the histologic distribution of neuronal pyknosis and neuropile vacuolation. CONCLUSION: Diffusion-weighted MR revealed focal abnormalities in the limbic system after 1 hour of sustained seizures induced with kainic acid, before changes on T2-weighted imaging. Diffusion-weighted MR is a potential method for studying the mechanisms of brain damage caused by sustained seizures.

Amygdala↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neuro-Behçet disease with demyelination and gliosis of the frontal white matter.

A rare case of neuro-Behçet disease with diffuse demyelination and gliosis of the frontal white matter is reported clinico-pathologically. The disease began with genital ulcer and recurrent oral aphthosis when the patient was 42 years of age. There was erythema, moderate fever, CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)-pleocytosis and elevated CSF-globulin. He was diagnosed as having neuro-Behçet disease and treated with prednisolone. He gradually became euphoric, disinhibited, indifferent and demented. His cranial CT showed diffuse low density areas in the bilateral frontal white matter. He became bedridden, akinetic mute and died from respiratory dysfunction 3 1/2 years after onset. The following neuropathological findings were observed: 1) Moderate demyelination and gliosis was present mainly in the frontal and parietal white matter. 2) There were many micro-spongious necrotic foci in the gray and white matters of the cerebrum, basal ganglia, thalamus, midbrain and pons, some of which were accompanied by gliosis. 3) From 1/2 to 1/3 of all micro-necrotic foci in the frontal white matter were old and accompanied by gliosis. The white matter containing numerous micro-necrotic foci had myelin pallor and gliosis. 4) There was neither micro-necrosis nor gliosis in the occipital lobe. The pathogenetic correlation of white matter lesions with primary and secondary circulatory disturbances is discussed.

Atrophy↗