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Biomedical subjects

S Moriguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Moriguchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

DNA ploidy is a major prognostic factor in advanced gastric carcinoma--univariate and multivariate analysis.

DNA ploidy was determined by cytofluorometric analysis of paraffin-embedded malignant tissue from 96 Japanese patients in whom gastric carcinoma had invaded the serosa. Aneuploidy was found in gastric carcinoma tissue from 63 patients (66%). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of patients with aneuploid malignancy was significantly lower (13%) than those with diploid malignancy (36%) (p less than 0.05). A multivariate analysis of various clinical and pathologic factors showed that tumor size, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and DNA ploidy were significant and independent factors, which correlated with prognosis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Pertinent risk factors and gastric carcinoma with synchronous peritoneal dissemination or liver metastasis.

From 1965 to 1985, of 1108 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent gastric resection in our department, 216 patients (19.5%) had synchronous peritoneal dissemination (PD) or liver metastasis (LM). The 1-year survival rate was 22.5% for PD, 14.7% for LM, and 4.8% for PD plus LM (p less than 0.01). With PD, patients were younger, tumor was larger, Borrmann type 3 and 4 and undifferentiated lesions were more frequent, and the incidence of serosal invasion was higher. Histologic findings showed a pattern of infiltrative growth. With LM, patients were more likely to be male, Borrmann type 2 and 3 and differentiated lesions were frequent, and the antral region was often involved. The degree of serosal invasion was less than with PD. The pattern of growth was the expansive type and vascular involvement was prominent. Rate of lymph node metastasis was high in both groups. The route of metastasis was partly linked to features of the primary lesion. Multivariate analysis showed that independent risk factors involved in the occurrence of each metastasis are serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, and undifferentiated tissue type for PD, and lymph node metastasis and vascular involvement for LM. When designing treatment in an attempt to suppress a recurrence, even after curative resection, all of these risk factors must be kept in mind.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Lung adenocarcinoma is more sensitive than gastric adenocarcinoma to anticancer drugs in vitro.

The chemosensitivities of 26 lung adenocarcinoma tissues were compared to those of 110 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues, using the in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test. Tumour tissues obtained at surgery were exposed to five different anticancer drugs: carboquone (CQ), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), cisplatin (DDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The lung adenocarcinomas showed a statistically significant reduction in succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity, compared to the gastric adenocarcinomas, after exposure to each drug. The chemosensitivity was defined as a reduction in SD activity to 50% of control or less. Lesser degrees of reduction in SD activity were defined as drug resistance. The sensitivity rates to ADM, MMC and DDP, respectively, were significantly higher in the lung than in the gastric adenocarcinomas. Tumour cells from 22 (84.6%) of the 26 lung adenocarcinoma tissues showed a sensitivity to more than three drugs, whereas the rate was only 46.4% (51/110) for the gastric adenocarcinomas. The rate of resistance to all the drugs tested was 3.8% (1/26) for the lung adenocarcinomas, in contrast to the 20.9% (23/110) seen with the gastric adenocarcinomas. Thus, while adenocarcinomas of the lung and stomach both show clinical resistance to anticancer agents, the chemosensitivity of the lung tissues is greater. In the light of these observations, attention must be directed to improving specific drug delivery systems.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Lack of relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and survival time after curative resection for gastric cancer.

To better comprehend the relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and survival time after curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer, the authors reviewed retrospectively data on 568 patients treated in their clinics from 1965 to 1983. Of these 568, 195 (34.3%) required no blood transfusion and 373 (65.7%) required transfusions within the perioperative period. Univariate analysis indicated that the survival time of the transfusion recipients was significantly less than that of the patients who had no transfusions (P less than 0.01). In subgroups of the authors' patients stratified to adjust for stage of disease, there was, however, no significant difference between the survival rates. Subsequently, multivariate analysis, using the Cox regression analysis, which adjusted for sex, age, and other covariates, indicated that perioperative blood transfusion was not a useful factor for predicting survival time. Multivariate analysis suggested that tumor size (P less than 0.01), degree of invasion into the gastric wall (P less than 0.01) and status of lymph node metastasis (P less than 0.01) were the most important covariates after curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer. The authors' findings revealed the lack of any relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and survival time of patients who underwent curative resection for advanced gastric cancer.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of pyrimidine nucleotide synthetic enzymes involved in 5-fluorouracil metabolism between human adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas.

The activities of orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT), cytidine triphosphate (CTP) synthetase, deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) deaminase, thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) kinase, uridine (Urd) kinase, thymidine (dThd) kinase, Urd and dThd phosphorylases, and DNA polymerase were examined in the eight human lung squamous cell carcinomas and five lung adenocarcinomas, and five tumor-adjacent normal lung tissues. All of these enzymes are involved in pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. The metabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was determined. The levels of these enzymes, except for OPRT, were high in tumor tissues and almost the same between lung squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas, with no statistical difference. The activities for phosphorylation and degradation of 5-FU were similar in each tissue type of tumor. As 5-FU is incorporated into tumor cells and is metabolized actively to 5-FU nucleotides in squamous cell carcinoma tissues, at almost the same level seen in adenocarcinoma tissues, this drug should have a wide clinical application.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Adjuvant chemotherapy enhances long-term survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer following curative resection.

We examined the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC), 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (tegafur), plus PSK, an immunomodulator, for patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent histological curative resection. The effect of chemotherapy on prognostic serosal (ps) invasion [ps(-) or ps(+)] and lymph node metastasis [n(-) or N(+)] was examined. One hundred eighteen patients were in the no-chemotherapy group and 137 were on the drugs. The median follow-up time for the 86 survivors at the time of analysis was 13.8 years. With regard to prognostic factors, there were no differences between the two groups. Generalized Wilcoxon test of the two survival patterns revealed a P value of .0351, and the survival rate for 15 years was 45.7% for patients in the no-chemotherapy group and 56.9% for those of the chemotherapy group. In particular, adjuvant chemotherapy was effective for patients with ps(-)n(+) (P less than .05) and ps(+)n(-) (P less than .05), but not for those with ps(-)n(-) and ps(+)n(+). Our findings show that the concomitant prescription of MMC, tegafur, and PSK improves the 15-year survival rate for patients with advanced gastric cancer, following curative resection. As the survival rate is low for the patients with ps(+)n(+), an even more aggressive postoperative chemotherapy is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

High dietary intakes of vitamin E and cellular immune functions in rats.

High dietary intakes (100-2500 mg/kg diet) of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) modified the functions of splenic lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages (AM). The numbers of splenocytes and AM obtained from male F344 rats fed high vitamin E diets significantly increased at 10 d after the onset of the experiment. Splenic lymphocytes' responses to concanavalin A and natural killer cell activity also increased with increasing contents of vitamin E in the diets. Furthermore, the ability of AM to phagocytose opsonized sheep red blood cells increased with increasing contents of vitamin E in diets and showed a fivefold increase in rats fed the diet with the highest vitamin E content (2500 mg/kg diet) compared with rats in the control group. The lavage fluid of lungs from rats fed a high vitamin E diet (500 mg/kg diet) increased phagocytic activity of AM from rats fed a basal diet; it also induced a 72% increase in activity compared to that in control rats. The phagocytic activity of AM was not enhanced when the large molecules (MW greater than 10,000) were removed by ultrafiltration from the lavage fluid of lungs of rats fed the high vitamin E diet (500 mg/kg diet). These data suggest that there is macrophage-activating factor-like material in the lavage fluid of lungs of rats fed high vitamin E diets and that high vitamin E diets may activate not only splenic lymphocytes but also AM.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Development of an automatic medical summary report system.

We developed a medical summary report system. In this system, each department can specify the predetermined conditions for issuing the summary report. The summary is made through a hierarchical database in the integrated hospital information system according to the predetermined conditions. The summary automatically issued after reception of the outpatient, or also issued by on-line summary report program with the patient number if requested by doctors. The report is sent to the proper consulting room from the reception desk using an air-shooter. The report contains the patient information such as a patient name, age, sex, birthday, a clinic name, a chart number, a patient number, diagnoses and examinations. The doctors can refer to the points of the clinical history of the patient in his own and other departments, and make a correct diagnoses and avoid the overlaps of the examinations and medications. This system has contributed to the quality-up of the patient care by availability of patient information even in other departments without the medical chart.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed1990

A disposable patient identification card made of a paper.

This paper describes a patient identification system with a disposable paper card. In general, total costs of cards themselves, equipments and personnel are remarkable, not negligible for the hospital management. Therefore, a disposable identification cards made of a paper were issued to out-patients in our hospital. Many order forms were integrated into only one sheet. Patient identification data were printed on this sheet by a computer system when a patient came to the reception desk, and quickly transmitted to physicians. We could save the hospital costs and printing works by physicians, and also shorten the waiting time of patients at reception desks.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1990

[Hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic malignancies].

A clinical investigation of 16 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with extrahepatic malignancies (13 male, 3 female) has been conducted. The age of these patients ranged from 55 to 76 years. Three of these double cancer cases were hemocronous, and 13 were heterochronous. The duration between the occurrence of the cancers ranged from 2 years and 4 months to 22 years. As for the site of the other cancer, the stomach was the most common organ (12 cases). In nine cases out of 16, the HCC was resected, whereas the other cases were treated with a TAE and hepatic artery ligation because the cancer were far advanced stages. Early detection of an HCC by AFP or an ultrasonographic examination, and a subsequent surgical resection in cases of a postoperative cancer patient with a liver dysfunction may lead to a more favorable prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Effect of retinyl palmitate and 13-cis retinoic acid on immune functions in immunodeficient, nude mice.

Nude mice are deficient in thymus gland development and hence lacking functional, mature T-lymphocytes. Weanling nude mice were given various deficient and high retinyl palmitate (RP) or 13-cis retinoic acid (CRA) diets. The high RP (vitamin A) diets stimulated phagocytosis in the absence of mature T-helper cells. However, T-cell dependent mitogens did not cause significant mitogenesis in any group, while LPS, a B-cell mitogen, did. RP had no effect on mitogenesis. NK cell activity was increased only at a very high level of RP, as has been reported with conventional mice. Macrophage production of cytotoxic factors was unaffected by high levels of RP or CRA. Direct cytotoxicity in vitro of tumor cells was increased only at very high RP levels. Thus, mature T cells may be needed for RP to produce normal activation of macrophage, except at very high RP levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of vitamin E deficiency on the functions of splenic lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages.

This study has been done to determine the effect of vitamin E deficiency on the functions of splenic lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages (AM) in rats. Vitamin E deficiency did not cause any changes of body weight, spleen and thymus weights, and numbers of splenocytes and AM compared with those of control rats. And also, we could not find any significant changes of lymphocyte responses to mitogens (PHA, Con A, and LPS) and natural killer cell (NK) activity except for AM function in vitamin E-deficient rats. In vitamin E-deficient rats, AM showed a higher phagocytosis than that of control rats. After in vitro treatment with a macrophage-activating factor (MAF) for 4 h at 37 degrees C, AM from control rats showed a greater enhancement (167%) of phagocytic activity compared with that of AM from vitamin E-deficient rats. When the effect of MAF prepared from splenic lymphocytes of rats from control or vitamin E-deficient rats on phagocytosis of AM was studied, MAF from control rats showed an about 150% increase of phagocytic activity in a 1/250 dilution of MAF. However, MAF from vitamin E-deficient group had almost no effect on phagocytosis of AM in the same dilution of MAF as control rats. These results may suggest that vitamin E deficiency induces the higher phagocytic function of AM responsible for host defense in the lung, but their enhancement is not due to the activation by MAF from lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of dietary restriction on cellular immunity in rats.

Phagocytosis of opsonized sheep red blood cells (SRBC) by alveolar macrophages (AM) was measured in rats fasted for 1 to 9 days or fed on diets restricted 20 to 95% compared to control group for 2 and 8 weeks. In rats fasted for 1 to 6 days, AM showed an increased phagocytosis at 2 days after fasting, but their phagocytic activity remarkably decreased afterwards. Furthermore, phagocytic activity of AM per rat revealed much more decrease at 3 to 6 days after fasting. Then the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) by AM increased with prolonged fasting, but the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by AM cultured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) conversely decreased in rats fasted for 2 days or longer. The proliferation of splenocytes increased with prolonged fasting. On the other hand, 20 to 95% restricted diets induced the increased phagocytosis of AM with prolonged experimental period. However, phagocytic activity of AM per rat showed significant increase only in rats on a 40% restricted diet. The findings suggest that differences in both duration and degree of dietary restriction modulate phagocytic function of AM, and may contribute to explaining, in part, conflicting observations which have been obtained on the immunologic state in malnourished animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Frequent occurrences of an enlarged submandibular gland following interstitial irradiation therapy in patients with cancer of the tongue].

A submandibular gland enlargement produces complications in the diagnosis of a nodal metastasis during the follow-up period in patients who have been given interstitial irradiation therapy for their oral cancers. Thus, a retrospective study has been made of the records of such affected patients, to accumulate knowledge regarding the frequency, the time of appearance, and the symptoms leading to the gland enlargement. Among 155 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, 73 cases were selected for this study by the following criteria: (1) the patients were free of metastatic adenopathy, (2) they had been interstitially irradiated, and, (3) they were followed-up without surgical treatment for more than 6 months after the radiotherapy. Gland enlargement was found to have developed in 70% of the studied patients, that is, in 49 of the 73 cases within 9 months after radiotherapy.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical study of extended profundaplasty for severely ischemic limbs].

Between January 1986 October 1987, extended profundaplasty was performed on 11 severely ischemic limbs of eight patients with extended arteriosclerotic occlusions, associated with surgery for improvement in inflow. The subjects were all males, and ages ranged from 62 to 84 years (mean: 72.8 years). Symptoms were disabling claudication in one limb (1 case), rest pain in 5 (4 cases), and gangrene of the foot or ulcer of the toes in 5 (3 cases). Preoperative ankle pressure index (API) was 0 in 7 limbs (5 cases), and between 0.11 and 0.27 in the remaining 4 limbs (3 cases). Thrombectomy was performed in two cases, axillo-bifemoral bypass in 5, femoro-femoral bypass in one, and aorto-bifemoral bypass in one, as surgery for improvement in inflow. Although postoperative API remained 0 in 4 limbs, it increased between 0.36 and 0.56 in the remaining limbs. One subject died of heart failure on the 22nd postoperative day, and two limbs required below-knee amputation. Limb salvage rate was 81.8%. Extended profundaplasty seems to be a worthwhile choice of treatment as a limb salvage operation for severely ischemic limbs due to extended arteriosclerotic occlusions involving not only aorto-iliac but also femoro-popliteal or crural segment.

Aged↗