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Biomedical subjects

S Moore

Publications and source records attributed to S Moore.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Inpatient management by a nurse practitioner: effectiveness in a rehabilitation setting.

The performance of a nurse practitioner, under the supervision of an internist, in managing inpatients in a rehabilitation hospital was assessed by comparison with three similar groups managed by internists. Criteria were chosen to reflect both quality of care and cost-effectiveness. The medical records of 25 patients discharged consecutively on each service were examined to determine length of stay, laboratory and x-ray costs per day, number of consultations, and mean score on six index conditions. The index conditions score was designed to reflect proper recognition and management of the following common medical problems: urinary tract infection, congestive heart failure, anemia, diabetes, hypertension, and hypokalemia. No statistically significant differences were found between the patient groups managed by the supervised nurse practitioner and the independent internists.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Production of direct agglutinins by the combination of incomplete antibodies to protein A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus cells.

A novel method is described for the production of saline-reacting antibodies from "incomplete' blood grouping sera. IgG anti-D is combined to protein A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus (SA), forming a polyvalent anti-D assembly. The SA-anti-D has a high titre in saline and is stable on 4 degrees C storage and lyophilisation. The material was successful in Rh(D) typing cells sensitised in vitro with various antibodies. Saline-reacting SA-anti-Kell and SA-anti-C were also produced.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1982

Initial experience with SPECT (single-photon computerized tomography) of the brain using N-isopropyl I-123 p-iodoamphetamine: concise communication.

Forty-six patients were studied with N-isopropyl I-123 p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) and the Harvard Scanning Multidetector Brain System. In nine control patients, good differentiation between the gray and white matter of the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia was evident. Regional uptake was affected by physiologic maneuvers (visual stimulation). In 24 patients studied for stroke, IMP images demonstrated areas that were involved in acute infarction in eight patients whose initial transmission computerized tomography (TCT) was normal; IMP also showed perfusion abnormalities larger than the TCT abnormality in ten patients. Perfusion abnormalities were present in 23/24 of these patients. Seven patients studied with a history of TIA had normal TCT and IMP images. In three patients studied during seizure activity, regions of hyperperfusion corresponded to the EEG seizure focus. Markedly decreased activity was present in three patients with brain tumor and corresponded to the focal abnormality on the TCT study. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of assessing regional brain perfusion using a radiopharmaceutical that is lipid soluble and has a high extraction fraction in the brain, together with single-photon ECT.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1982

Thrombin generation and fibrin formation following injury to rabbit neointima. Studies of vessel wall reactivity and platelet survival.

Using platelets prelabeled with 51Cr, we have quantified the effect of injury to the neointima on platelet accumulation, thrombus formation at different times following injury, and the effect of injury to the neointima on platelet survival. Platelet accumulation on the neointima is largely determined by activation of coagulation and thrombus formation; this contrasts with platelet accumulation on the subendothelium where coagulation does not play a major role and where few thrombi form. Heparin treatment significantly inhibits platelet accumulation on the injured neointima but is without effect on platelet accumulation on the subendothelium. Like the subendothelium, the neointima rapidly becomes nonreactive to further platelet accumulation, and the platelets and platelet-fibrin thrombi are lost from the surface in the first few days after injury. Despite the formation of extensive platelet thrombi on the injured neointima, platelet survival is unaffected.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Lipid accumulation in the neointima formed in normally fed rabbits in response to one or six removals of the aortic endothelium.

In previous experiments it was shown that repeated mechanical or immunologic injury to the arterial intima of normally fed rabbits induced lesions morphologically identical with human atherosclerosis. These regressed in size and lipid content when the injury stimulus was removed. By contrast, repeated injury directed to removal of only the endothelial layer induced lesions in which lipid accumulated in areas of endothelial regeneration and increased with time. In the present report the lesions associated with multiple and with a single episode of endothelial removal, using a Fogarty balloon catheter, are compared. Lipid accumulates in areas of endothelial regrowth following one endothelial injury and is similar in amount to that at comparable time intervals following the first of multiple balloon removals of the endothelium. There is much more lipid in areas of endothelial regrowth than in areas that remain uncovered by endothelium, the lipid tends to increase with time, and there is more lipid in the abdominal aortic than in the thoracic aortic lesions. A correlation was found between lipid content and thickness of lesions, especially in response to multiple removals of the endothelium. Multiple removals resulted in thicker lesions than a single injury. There appeared to be a positive relationship between the level of blood cholesterol and the amount of lipid deposited in areas of endothelial regrowth. This is consistent with trapping of low density lipoprotein by glycosaminoglycans in the neointima covered by regenerated endothelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

One hospital's experience with a "Do not resuscitate" policy.

A "No not resuscitate" policy was instituted at McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, in January 1979. Its objectives were to ensure that physicians decide on the appropriateness of resuscitation attempts before they might be needed; to have each physician consult his or her patients, or the families of incompetent patients, to determine their wishes concerning further treatment; and to provide legal protection of or physicians and the hospital in regard to the policy. To determine the effectiveness of the "Do not resuscitate" policy a questionnaire was sent to a sample of the professional staff of the hospital; the overall response rate was 87%. The respondents felt that a better way of informing hospital staff of the policy and its objectives was needed. However, the results of the questionnaire suggested that, on the whole, the policy was perceived as beneficial to both patients and physicians at the hospital.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1981

Regional distributions of somatostatin and cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivities in rat and bovine brain.

The distribution of somatostatin- and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8)-like immunoreactivities in the central nervous system of bovine and rat has been studied using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. The most interesting information is the high concentration of CCK-8 in the various cortical areas in rat and bovine. The nuclei of amygdala contain the highest amount of octapeptide in rat while in bovine brain, this structure contains the second highest concentration after polus frontalis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effect of neonatal thyroid deficiency on the catecholamine, substance P, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone contents of discrete rat brain nuclei.

The effects of neonatal thyroidectomy and thyroid hormone replacement therapy on the development of catecholamine-, TRH-, and substance P-containing neurons in discrete rat brain nuclei were studied. Newborn male rats were rendered hypothyroid by the injection of 125 muCi 131I and, after 45 days, were compared with normal littermate controls and 131I-injected animals subsequently maintained on T4 injections. The peptide or catecholamine content of discrete brain nuclei removed by punches of frozen brain slices was measured by RIA or radioenzymatic assay, respectively. The success of the thyroidectomy was verified by criteria of weight, length, plasma T4, and pituitary GH content. Animals receiving T4 replacement therapy were indistinguishable from normal littermates. Substance P was measured in 32 different brain nuclei and was significantly increased in 19 of these areas in hypothyroid animals. No changes in norepinephrine were detected, and the dopamine content of all but 3 brain nuclei was increased by thyroidectomy. The TRH concentration was drastically reduced in the median eminence of hypothyroid animals and also changed in 3 other extrahypothalamic areas. All of the changes seen in catecholamine, TRH, and substance P distribution in hypothyroid animals were completely reversed by T4 replacement therapy. These results demonstrate changes in brain peptide neurotransmitters during the hypothyroid state and open new vistas for comprehension of biochemical mechanisms underlying central nervous system malfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Responses of the arterial wall to injury.

Recent experimental evidence indicates that all the lesions seen in human atherosclerosis can be induced in animals by various forms of injury to the intima or endothelial lining of arteries. Dietary lipid supplement is not required for the development of lipid-rich atherosclerotic lesions in these settings. Factors present in plasma or serum may stimulate the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the lesions similar to the invitro demonstration of smooth muscle cell proliferation in response to diabetic serum. The accumulation of lipid in lesions may relate to alteration in the glucosaminoglycan content of the neointima covered by regenerated endothelium and may be analogous to alterations in glucosaminoglycan metabolism in the arterial wall of diabetic subjects.

Animals↗