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Biomedical subjects

S Mizuno

Publications and source records attributed to S Mizuno.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis. A case-control study in a rural town of Japan.

We enrolled five hundred twenty-one patients with atrophic gastritis and 769 controls in a case-control study of atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection and lifestyle factors. The participants had no history of upper gastrointestinal surgery. They were selected from 1,395 adult (35 years or older) residents of a rural town in Kyoto prefecture who participated in an annual health examination in 1987. Atrophic gastritis was diagnosed on the basis of serum pepsinogen levels: pepsinogen I levels (< or = 70 ng/ml) and pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratios (< or = 3.0). The presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori indicated H. pylori infection. At the time of the health examination, participants were interviewed about daily lifestyle habits such as use of cigarettes and alcoholic beverages and consumption of green-yellow vegetables. Unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that H. pylori infection was associated with a significantly increased risk for atrophic gastritis for all participants (odds ratio, 8.17; 95% confidence interval, 5.63-11.84); for men (odds ratio, 10.91; 95% CI, 5.25-22.67); and for women (odds ratio, 7.28; 95% CI, 4.72-11.22). We found no statistically significant relations between lifestyle factors and atrophic gastritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Immune response to neutralizing epitope on human cytomegalovirus gylcoprotein B in Japanese: correlation of serologic response with HLA-type.

Antigenic domain 1 (AD-1), located between amino acids 608 and 625 of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) gB protein, is the major domain recognized by neutralizing antibodies. Amino acids 552 to 630 are essential for the binding of neutralizing antibodies. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against a fusion protein containing amino acid residues 549 to 644 of the gB polypeptide and maltose binding protein (MBP). Of 180 seropositive samples, 106 (58.9%) showed positive immuno-reactivity against the fusion protein. None of the seronegative samples reacted with the fusion protein. Among 57 seropositive individuals typed for HLA, subjects with HLA-DR9 had a higher positive rate against the fusion protein (13/14=92.9%) than those without HLA-DR9 (25/43=58.1%). In addition, subjects with HLA-DR15 had a lower positive rate against the fusion protein (7/16=43.3%) than those without HLA-DR15 (31/41=75.6%). Mean OD values of HLA-DR15-positive individuals were significantly lower than those of HLA-DR15-negative individuals. Thus, among CMV-infected individuals, HLA-DR9 may be associated with responders for neutralizing antibodies and HLA-DR15 may be associated with non/low-responders.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed1997

Cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B sequence variation among Japanese bone marrow transplant recipients.

Glycoprotein B (gB) of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the major target protein of neutralizing antibodies, and four variant types are known. A previously reported polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was modified by eliminating the cell culture step and amplifying a CMV fragment (corresponding to a.a. 441-450 of gB) by nested PCR. DNA was extracted from the sera of 27 pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients and subjected to nested PCR. Of the samples, 20 yielded PCR products, and the gB type was determined by RFLP. Of the 20 patients, 4 (20%) had gB type 1 (Towne type), 15 patients (75%) had gB type 2 (AD 169 type), and 1 patient (5%) had gB type 3. Previous studies showed that gB type was most common among Caucasians [Chou and Dennison: J Infect Dis 1991;163:1229-1234; Fries et al: J Infect Dis 1994;169:769-774]. Thus, gB genotypes seem to be distributed differently in Caucasians and Japanese. Further, nucleotide sequence analysis of the amplified region revealed that all the type 2 viruses had the same amino acid sequences. The type 3 sample had a novel amino acid substitution at position 498. Of the type 1 samples, 3 had amino acid substitutions in various positions: 1 sample at position 493, 1 sample at position 447 and 1 sample at position 452, 493 and 498.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1997

A nuclear matrix-associated high molecular mass nuclear antigen, HMNA, of chicken and marked decrease of its immunoreactivity during the progression of S phase.

A hnRNP-free nuclear matrix prepared from chicken MSB-1 cells was used to raise monoclonal antibodies. The monoclonal antibodies 2H3 and 3B7 showed identical non-homogeneous immunofluorescence staining patterns of nuclei in MSB-1 cells and chicken embryonic fibroblasts. In a synchronized culture of MSB-1 cells, the immunoreactivity of nuclei with 2H3, but not with 3B7, antibody decreased markedly during the progression of S phase, but returned to the normal level at the next G1 phase. When cells were treated with Triton X-100 prior to fixation with paraformaldehyde or cells were fixed in methanol, nuclei were reactive with 2H3 antibody throughout the S phase. Both 2H3 and 3B7 antibodies recognized a high molecular mass nuclear antigen (HMNA) of approximately 550 kDa, which was associated with the nuclear matrix. HMNA was resistant to extraction with 0.5 M NaCl from the nuclei at the G1/S boundary but became extractable by the end of S phase. A cDNA clone, pBHB36, containing a partial sequence for HMNA was isolated by immunoscreening as a double positive clone with 2H3 and 3B7 antibodies. The deduced 1,150 residue-long sequence of pBHB36 shows no homology with any molecules in the nucleotide and protein sequence databases, and contains different epitope regions for 2H3 and 3B7 antibodies. A possibility of hydrophobic association of HMNA with nuclear protein(s) during the progression of S phase is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Stress dose-dependent suppression of heat shock protein gene expression by inhibiting protein synthesis during heat shock treatment.

When a clone of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with a plasmid containing a luciferase reporter gene under the control of the human heat shock protein (hsp) 70 gene promoter was treated with cycloheximide during heat exposure at 42 and 43 degrees C for 15 to 100 minutes and then incubated at 37 degrees C after removal of cycloheximide, reporter gene expression was suppressed by the protein synthesis inhibitor only at small heat shock doses (i.e., heat shock of less than 40 minutes at 42 degrees C and 15 minutes at 43 degrees C). A similar stress dose-dependent suppression of reporter gene expression by cycloheximide was also demonstrated by treatment with sodium arsenite at 37 degrees C. However, dexamethasone-dependent reporter gene expression in a different CHO clone was not inhibited after the inducer treatment for different times in the presence of cycloheximide. In addition, synthesis of most cellular proteins (except for hsp) was not affected after heat shock treatment with cycloheximide. The results suggested that the cycloheximide inhibition of gene expression is specific to hsp gene expression induced by limited stress doses. Furthermore, a prior 42 degrees C heat shock treatment for 30 minutes induced a decreased responsiveness (tolerance) to a second 42 degrees C heat treatment for hsp gene expression, but tolerance did not develop in cells exposed to the first heat shock in the presence of cycloheximide. These results confirm previous findings that induction of hsp gene expression by stress is balanced by the severity of stress and rate of protein synthesis. They also support the proposed model of autoregulation of hsp gene expression by levels of free hsp70.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effect of lecithinized-superoxide dismutase on the rat colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium.

Lecithinized-superoxide dismutase (PC-SOD), which is synthesized with a lecithin derivative bound covalently to recombinant human Cu,Zn-SOD, has a longer half-life in blood and higher cell affinity than unmodified SOD. The effects of PC-SOD were evaluated using the rat ulcerative colitis model induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium. Intravenous injection of rats with 0.5 or 1 mg/kg of PC-SOD suppressed the progression of bloody stools, the formation of erosion, and the infiltration of the colon with inflammatory cells. Furthermore, it also reduced the increase of leukocytes in blood. Thus, PC-SOD may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effects of vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) on atherosclerosis and blood coagulation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Gamma-Carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-containing protein, synthesized in the presence of vitamin K, has been found in atherogenic plaques, but the pharmacological effect of vitamin K on atherosclerosis is unclear. We examined whether vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) could affect the progression of both atherosclerosis and hypercoagulability in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Vitamin K2 in daily doses of 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg was given with a 0.5% cholesterol diet for 10 weeks to 8 rabbits each. The plasma levels of total-cholesterol in the vitamin K2-treated groups were clearly lower than that of the hypercholesterolemic control group. The excessive dose of vitamin K2, even at the high dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks, did not accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis and did not promote the coagulative tendency in the rabbits. In contrast, the vitamin K2 treatment (1 to 10 mg/kg/day) suppressed the progression of atherosclerotic plaques, intima-thickening and pulmonary atherosclerosis, the increase of ester-cholesterol deposition in the aorta, and both the elevation in plasma factor X level and increase in Hepaplastin test value in the rabbits. These results indicate that the pharmacological dose of vitamin K2 prevents both the progression of atherosclerosis and the coagulative tendency by reducing the total-cholesterol, lipid peroxidation and factor X activity in plasma, and the ester-cholesterol deposition in the aorta in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effect of lecithinized-superoxide dismutase on the interstitial pneumonia model induced by bleomycin in mice.

Superoxide anion (O2-) acts as an exacerbation factor in interstitial pneumonia. Lecithinized-superoxide dismutase (PC-SOD), which is synthesized with a lecithin derivative bound covalently to recombinant human Cu,Zn-SOD, has a longer half-life in plasma and higher affinity to cell membranes than unmodified SOD. The effect of PC-SOD was evaluated using the bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia mouse model. Treatment with PC-SOD at 10 mg/kg significantly reduced the hydroxyproline content and fibrosis score. Namely, PC-SOD suppressed the progression of pulmonary fibrosis on the bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia mouse model. PC-SOD may be a potential drug for interstitial pneumonia therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Three-dimensional CT demonstration of intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt draining into the inferior vena cava.

An unusual form of intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt draining into the inferior vena cava was demonstrated using three-dimensional images reconstructed from spiral CT during arterial portography, colour Doppler ultrasonography with flow velocity measurement, and digital subtraction portovenography. The utilization of modern radiological techniques in evaluating intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Identification of the sex of Oriental white stork, Ciconia boyciana, by the polymerase chain reaction based on its sex chromosome-specific DNA sequences.

Southern blotting of HindIII-digested genomic DNAs from the female and male Oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana) with the EE0.6 probe cloned from the W chromosome of chicken (Gallus domesticus) produced a 3.0-kb W chromosome-derived band specific to the female and a 3.5-kb Z chromosome-derived band common to both sexes. These two genomic fragments were cloned and the counterpart sequences to that of EE0.6 in these fragments, XH0.6 and XH0.6RSM (XH0.6-related sequence in the male), respectively, were subcloned. Nucleotide sequences of XH0.6 and XH0.6RSM showed 92% identity. PCR using a set of primer sequences from XH0.6, which differed several nucleotides from those in XH0.6RSM, amplified an about 300-bp genomic sequence only from the female C. boyciana. This method was applied successfully to identify the sex of individual young birds of C. boyciana, an endangered special natural monument in Japan and whose sexes are unidentifiable from their external morphology.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Histochemical studies on the separation of the lens vesicle].

We studied histologically the changes and distribution patterns of glycosaminoglycan molecular species during the separation of the lens vesicle in the mouse. Embryos were obtained by sacrificing pregnant mice of the Jcl: ICR strain on day 10.5 and 11 of pregnancy. Serial frontal sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and a sensitized high iron diamine method. To identify glycosaminoglycan molecular species in tissues, enzyme digestion (double digestions with chondroitinase B and testicular hyaluronidase) and chemical modification (nitrous acid treatment) were performed in combination with the sensitized high iron diamine method. Before separation of the lens vesicle, the glycosaminoglycan molecular species, identified in the basement membrane of the presumed corneal epithelium and intercellular matrices between the presumed corneal epithelium and lens vesicle, were chondroitin sulfate A/C and B, and those in the lens capsule were chondroitin sulfate A/C. After separation of the lens vesicle, heparan sulfate emerged in the basement membrane of the presumed corneal epithelium and intercellular matrices between the presumed corneal epithelium and lens vesicle. These results are thus taken to indicate that the changes and distribution patterns of glycosaminoglycan molecular species play an important role during separation of the lens vesicle.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[CDw90 (Thy-1) expression on CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood stem cell harvest].

In this study, we investigated CDw90 (Thy-1) expression in CD34+ cells and hematopoietic colony-forming ability in purified CD34+ Thy-1+ and CD34+ Thy-1 fractions in the peripheral blood at the PBSCH. The high proliferative potential colony-forming cells (HPP-CFC), which are considered to be more primitive hematopoietic stem cells, were found more frequently in the purified CD34+ Thy-1+ fraction than in the purified CD34+ Thy-1- fraction. Thus, it is useful to decide the optimal time of PBSCH to measure the CD34+ Thy-1+ cells as well as CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood by flow-cytometry. In CD34+ acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cells, the co-expression rate of CD34 and Thy-1 was negative, suggesting that it may be possible to estimate the contamination of CD34+ AML cells by the Thy-1 expression rate in CD34+ cells at PBSCH.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMed1997

[A case of retained surgical sponge penetrated into the sigmoid colon].

A thread of surgical sponge was found by colonoscopy at the sigmoid colon wall in the tip of a granuloma. The patient was a 50-year-old woman who complained of diarrhea and had a history of Cesarean section and complete hysterectomy. A radiopaque thread that used to be part of the surgical sponge was demonstrated with plain pelvic X-ray films. Abdominal CT study revealed the gossypibioma including a radiopaque thread in front of the sacrum. The patient was admitted for endoscopic extraction. Upon endoscopic observation, no thread was found and the fistula had also disappeared. The surgical sponge was considered to have been spontaneously expelled from the fistula during the intervening 22-day period.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMed1996

Modulation of degranulation and superoxide generation in human neutrophils by unsaturated fatty acids of odd carbon numbers.

Unsaturated fatty acids of odd carbons, 13:1(12), 17:1(10trans), 19:1(7) and 19:1(10) inhibited release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) from fMet-Leu-Phe-cytochalasin B-treated neutrophils. The inhibitory effect was smaller than that of aseanostatins which have been isolated as microbial-derived free fatty acids with a methyl blanch (i-14:0 and ai-15:0) (Journal of Antibiotics (1991) 44, 524-532). These unsaturated fatty acids also inhibited lactoferrin release by the same treatment. On the other hand, 13:1(12), 15:1(10) and 19:1(10) inhibited fMet-Leu-Phe-stimulated superoxide generation of neutrophils, and the fatty acids 15:1(10), 17:(10) and 19:2(10,13) induced superoxide generation in both unstimulated cells and the cell-free system. However, none of unsaturated fatty acids of odd carbons tested inhibited beta-glucuronidase release, whereas 15:1(10), 17:1(10), 19:1(10) and 19:2(10,13) rather enhanced an increase in beta-glucuronidase activity liberated from cells at high concentrations over 35 microM, indicating cellular damages by these fatty acids. These observations suggest that unsaturated free fatty acids having odd carbons such as 13, 15, 17 and 19 may act as modulators of neutrophil functions including degranulation and superoxide generation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Chemonucleolytic effects of chondroitinase ABC on normal rabbit intervertebral discs. Course of action up to 10 days postinjection and minimum effective dose.

STUDY DESIGN: This study demonstrated the chemonucleolytic effects of chondroitinase ABC and its histologic and biochemical background. OBJECTIVES: To determine the course of chondroitinase ABC action on normal rabbit discs, and to find its minimum effective dosage. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: No previous study has assessed the chemonucleolytic action of chondroitinase ABC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This study also investigated the biochemical causes of radiologic and histologic changes in the discs. METHODS: Rabbits were injected with 4 U of pharmaceutical-grade chondroitinase ABC intradiscally. They were radiologically and histologically observed, and biochemical analyses of the discs were conducted on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 postinjection in the time course study. Different doses of chondroitinase ABC were injected, and radiologic observations and water content of the discs were measured in the dose-finding study. RESULTS: The time course study revealed that the chondroitin sulfate content of discs significantly decreased from day 1 postinjection until the end of the experimental period. The weight and water content of the nucleus pulposus decreased on day 3, and disc space narrowing was observed from the day after injection. The dose-finding study showed that a dose of 0.0002 U/disc still induced disc space narrowing and a decrease in water content. CONCLUSIONS: Chondroitinase ABC is estimated to have a chemonucleolytic effect at least by day 3 postinjection at a dose level of 0.0002 U/disc or higher in rabbits.

Animals↗