Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Miyamoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Miyamoto.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Association of HLA-DR, DQ genotype with different beta-cell functions at IDDM diagnosis in Japanese children.

Japanese IDDM patients have been demonstrated to have unique and different HLA associations from white patients. To elucidate the effect of HLA-associated genetic factors on the clinical heterogeneity of IDDM in Japanese people, HLA-DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 genotypes in 88 childhood-onset Japanese IDDM patients were examined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) or sequence-specific primers (SSP). Of the 88 IDDM patients, 26 (29.5%) had DRB1*0405-DQA1*0302-DQB1*0401/X (DR4-DQ4/X), 38 (43.2%) had DRB1*0901-DQA1*0302-DQB1*0303/X (DR9-DQ9/X), and 9 (10.2%) were DR4/9-DQ4/9 heterozygous in the present study (X does not contain protective alleles). Clinical heterogeneity such as age distribution at onset, prevalence and serum level of anti-GAD antibodies (GADAb), and residual pancreatic beta-cell function after diagnosis were compared between patients with HLA-DR4-DQ4 and DR9-DQ9. The frequency of DR9-DQ9 genotype was significantly higher in the younger (0-10 years) than in the older (11-16 years) age-group of onset, but the frequency of DR4-DQ4 was higher in the older (11-16 years) age-group. Although no association of DR-DQ genotypes with the prevalence and serum level of GADAb was found among newly diagnosed patients, long-standing DR9-DQ9 patients had significantly higher levels of GADAb than those with DR4-DQ4. While no difference in time course of serum C-peptide (CPR) levels was detected between GADAb+ and GADAb- patients, a remarkable difference was demonstrated between DR9-DQ9 and DR4-DQ4 patients. The residual pancreatic beta-cell function was retained more in patients with DR4-DQ4 than in those with DR9-DQ9 at diagnosis through 12-18 months after diagnosis. These results suggest that the DR9-DQ9 genotype may induce stronger autoimmune destructive response (T-helper 1 function) against target beta-cells than the DR4-DQ4 genotype does. Our findings may warrant further studies on the association of diabetogenic autoimmune response with HLA class II molecules and contribute to a clarification of interracial differences in HLA-encoded susceptibility to IDDM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Potential efficacy of basic fibroblast growth factor incorporated in biodegradable hydrogels for skull bone regeneration.

Biodegradable gelatin hydrogels incorporating basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were evaluated for their efficacy in bone regeneration using a rabbit model. Hydrogels with water contents of 85% and 98% were prepared using chemical crosslinking of gelatin with an isoelectric point of 4.9 in aqueous solution and, after freeze drying, were impregnated with an aqueous solution of bFGF to obtain bFGF-incorporated gelatin hydrogels. When they were implanted into bone defects measuring 6 mm in diameter in rabbit skulls (six animals/group), complete closure of the defect was observed at 12 weeks after implantation, regardless of the water content of the hydrogels. In contrast, bFGF did not enhance bone regeneration when applied to the skull defect in solution with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Also, gelatin hydrogels lacking bFGF were not effective in inducing bone formation, with fibrous tissue growing into the defect instead, similar to the skull defect seen in control rabbits treated with PBS. This indicates that the presence of hydrogels did not interfere with bone regeneration at the skull defect, probably because of their disappearance during biodegradation. It is concluded that the gelatin hydrogel is a promising matrix for effective induction of biological activity of bFGF for bone regeneration in skull and sinus defects.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Development of a dural substitute from synthetic bioabsorbable polymers.

A new bioabsorbable composite sheet was developed to provide a substitute for the dura mater and was evaluated histologically and biomechanically using rats and rabbits. This composite, composed of two L-lactic acid-epsilon-caprolactone (50% L-lactic acid, 50% epsilon-caprolactone) copolymer films and a poly(glycolic acid) nonwoven fabric, displayed good mechanical properties and was completely absorbed 24 weeks after implantation in the back of rats. Histological evaluation of the composite sheet was undertaken by implanting it in 31 rabbits with dural defects and examining the sites of implantation 2 weeks to 26 months later. No infection, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, evidence of convulsive disorders, significant adhesion to underlying cortex, or calcification was noticed in any cases. In addition, the regenerated duralike tissue had a high pressure-resistant strength 2 weeks after implantation. The authors conclude that this new bioabsorbable composite sheet can be successfully used as a dural substitute.

Absorption↗
PubMed1997

[The effect of prior information on perception of ongoing behavior of others: information processing at the extraction stage].

This study investigated the effect of prior information on the extraction stage, particularly on the amount of behavior extraction, of information processing when perceiving ongoing behavior of others. In terms of prior information they received, 102 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups: familiarity, desirability, and neutral conditions. Twelve video clips, each about 30 seconds long, of a male stimulus actor in daily life were made. The theme of each clip was one of the three: familiarity, desirability, or activity. The subjects were instructed to form an impression of the male actor, and to press a button when they saw an impression-relevant action and release it when it was over. Results suggested that subjects extracted behavior that was relevant to prior information more frequently, and extraction rates were higher for relevant video clips. However, impression change was found after the observation-extraction task. Hence, it implies that prior information affects the extraction stage, but not the judgment stage, of perceiving ongoing behavior of others.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

What is the minimum age for applying the forbes equation between body density and body fat to the elderly?

In order to determine the age above which the FORBES equation for calculating percent body fat (%BF) in the elderly is to be applied, 9 persons in their 60s, 7 persons in their 70s and 3 persons older than 80 took part in this study. %BF was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). In each subject, body density was measured using densitometry. %BF was then calculated by substituting body density for the Siri or FORBES equation. Based on the value of %BF measured with DEXA, the calculated %BF was criticized for each decade of subjects. It was concluded that the Siri equation should be applied to those who are younger than 80 and that the FORBES equation should be applied to those who are 80 and older.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of technetium-99m-MIBI scintigraphy in metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

UNLABELLED: Technetium-99m-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) was evaluated for its ability to detect metastases from thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: Twenty-seven thyroidectomized patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma, of whom 20, 9 and 12 had lung, lymph node and bone metastases, respectively, were examined with 99mTc-MIBI. The scan results were compared with those of 201TI and 131I whole-body scans. RESULTS: Increased accumulation of 99mTc-MIBI was observed in lung metastases of 15 patients (75.0%), 12 lymph node metastases (100.0%) and 29 of 31 bone metastases (93.5%). Increased accumulations of 201TI and 131I scans were seen in, respectively, 16 (80.0%) and 17 (85.0%) of the 20 patients with lung metastases, 12 (100.0%) and 5 (41.7%) of the 12 lymph node metastases and 28 (90.3%) and 27 (85.1%) bone metastases. Because of its better image quality, 99mTc-MIBI detected more lesions in the lung (n = 38) than 201TI did (n = 17). CONCLUSION: Technetium-99m-MIBI is clinically useful for detecting metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma and deserves clinical application in the postoperative follow-up of such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A case report of renal cell carcinoma with bilateral adrenal metastases].

A 52-year-old man consulted our hospital with a right abdominal mass. Imaging diagnosis revealed a 10.5-cm right renal tumor and bilateral adrenal masses (7 cm on the left side and 2.5 cm on the right). A radical nephrectomy and bilateral adrenalectomy demonstrated renal cell carcinoma with metastases to bilateral adrenal glands. Despite prophylactic treatment with interferon-alpha, a swollen left cervical lymph node and a left renal mass, which seemed to be metastatic lesions, developed respectively 6 and 33 months postoperative. He is alive with disease at 40 months.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

[A case report of spontaneous hemopneumothorax].

A 55-year-old man was admitted to the private hospital with chief complaints of left chest pain and increasing dyspnea. Chest X ray on admission revealed a collapsed lung and an air fluid line in the left hemothorax. A chest tube drainage was carried out, but hemorrhagic pleural fluid of 1,000 ml was drainaged. So was the patient transferred to our hospital for surgical treatment. Following blood transfusion because of hemorrhagic pleural fluid of 1,500 ml, urgent surgery was carried out. At the operation under thoracoscope, the bleeding from the apex of the thoracic cavity was noted. The bleeding was controlled with endoscopic surgical clip. As it was, however, very difficult to remove massive blood clots under endoscopic surgery, a small thoracotomy was carried out in addition to the thoracoscopic surgery, then the bulla in the apex of left lung was resected and also removed a large amount of blood clots.

Hemopneumothorax↗
PubMed1997

[Cerebral infarction due to bacterial emboli associated with methamphetamine abuse].

The number of stimulant-drug addicts has recently been on the rise again, and they are being increasingly encountered in the emergency room. There are also frequent reports of cerebrovascular disorders complicating drug toxicity. These cerebrovascular disorders have included subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial hematoma, and a few cases of cerebral infarction. Here, we report the case of a 37-year-old male with drug toxicity, consciousness disorder, and hyperthermia. He was in a coma with a temperature of 43.1 degrees C and blood pressure of 58/35 mmHg when brought to our hospital. His condition worse rapidly deteriorated, and he died the same day. Cerebral infarction caused by gram-positive bacillus embolism, not necrotizing angiitis, was found at autopsy. Because drug addicts, especially stimulant-drug addicts, tend to inject themselves drug under unsanitary conditions, the possibility of this type of complication is always present. This is the first such case ever reported, and is therefore regarded as a rare complication of stimulant-drug intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The case of left atrial myxoma originating from posterior leaflet of mitral valve].

We experienced the case of left atrial myxoma originating from posterior leaflet mitral valve. Mitral valve repair was performed in that case, because of the presence mitral leaflet defect due to removal of the myxoma. Transesophageal echocardiography was a useful tool for perioperative evaluation of the mitral valve and precise localization of the origin of the myxoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of hepatic resection and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for multiple liver metastases from colon cancer].

We examined the significance of hepatic resection and hepatic infusion chemotherapy for multiple liver metastases from colon cancer. Twelve patients underwent curative hepatic resection for multiple liver metastases (more than five), and 10 of them received arterial infusion chemotherapy. The number of metastases ranged 5 to 30 (mean 9.4). Recurrence rates in the remnant liver were 50%, and five-year survival rates were 31%.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Liver abscess caused by hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy].

A 48-year-old man underwent left hemicolectomy and right extended hepatectomy for colon cancer and its synchronous multiple liver metastasis. Sixteen months after, multiple metastases in the remnant liver were found, so he was given bolus hepatic infusion of 5-FU 1,000 mg/week, total amount, 25 g. The response was CR, but he developed a liver abscess in segment 4.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Influence of chronic variable stress (CVS) on the association of glucocorticoid receptor with heat-shock protein (HSP) 90 in rat hippocampus].

Dysregulation in the negative feedback of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system is observed in a subgroup of major depression. Recent studies have postulated that tricyclic antidepressant treatment increases the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the brain and that such GR up-regulation normalizes the hyperactivity of HPA systems. The GR is associated with heat-shock proteins (HSPs) as a functional complex with a high affinity for steroid binding. In this study, we have examined the effects of chronic fixed (restraint) stress (CFS) and chronic variable stress (CVS) on the subcellular localization of GR and HSP90 in rat hippocampus using an immunoblotting procedure. A single restraint stress for 1-2 h and a single treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) 0.5 mg/kg, s.c. induced a translocation of the cytosolic GR to nuclei. Long-term treatment with DEX 0.1 mg/kg, s.c. for 14 days caused a significant decrease in both cytosolic and nucleic GR. There was no significant change in either cytosolic or nucleic GR after CFS for 14 days. However, CVS for 14 days increased both cytosolic GRs and HSP90 while nucleic GR was not changed. CFS for 14 days had no influence on the DEX-induced translocation of GR to nuclei, whereas GR translocation by DEX was not observed after CVS for 14 days. Gel filtration chromatography of the hippocampal cytosol after CVS indicated an increase in monomeric GR (approximately 90 kDa) and a decrease in the GR-HSP complex (approximately 300 kDa). Since CVS has been reported to increase serum corticosterone in rats, our results suggest that CVS prevents formation of the GR-HSP complex. A new intracellular environment rather than excessive serum corticosterone caused by CVS may contribute to inhibition of the formation of GR-HSP complex. It is proposed that the CVS could be an appropriate model for disturbance in the negative feedback control of HPA systems.

Animals↗