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Biomedical subjects

S Miyake

Publications and source records attributed to S Miyake.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The mechanism of release of hepatic enzymes in various liver diseases. II. Altered activity ratios of GOT to GPT in serum and liver of patients with liver diseases.

The activities of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLD) were determined in liver biopsy specimens and sera of patients with various liver diseases. Mitochondrial and cytosol isozymes of GOT were also separated for their assay. The activity ratio of GOT/GPT in serum was found to reflect the ratio in liver cytosol. The increased ratio in advanced or severe liver diseases, such as liver cirrhosis, was due to the greater decrease in liver cytosol GPT activity, this being pronounced in primary hepatoma. The activity of GLD decreased similarly but less markedly. The relatively greater decrease in GPT compared with GOT in advanced liver diseases was not mainly due to leakage of the enzyme from the liver, but to a specific mechanism associated with hepatic injury or its progression. Other pathological conditions of the liver such as those in obstructive jaundice and alcoholic liver injury also appeared to result in reduced liver GPT activity, which was reflected in the serum as an increased GOT/GPT ratio.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

The mechanism of the release of hepatic enzymes in various liver diseases. 1. Alterations in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzyme activities in serum.

Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), mitochondrial GOT (GOTm), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamate dehydrogenase activities were determined in 43 healthy controls and in 280 cases of liver diseases. A simplified column chromatographic method coupled with UV assay was employed for separation of GOTm. The activity was measured by following decrease in abosrbance of NADH at 340 nm. The lowest activity of GOTm determined with a coefficient of variation below 10% was 6 mIU/ml. High GOTm activities were found in acute hepatitis (acute stage), subacute hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis and were generally associated with high total GOT (GOTt) activities. The activity ratio of GOTm/GOTt varied depending on the stage and severity of liver diseases. The GOTm/GOTt ratio was decreased in acute, fulminant and subacute hepatitides. No significant reduction in the ratio was found in bile duct obstruction, alcoholic liver injury or metastatic liver cancer. Although relatively high GOTm/GOTt ratios were found in some patients with severe hepatic injury, they had no definite association with poor prognosis. These results indicate that the marked elevation in GOTt over GPT in advanced chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and primary hepatoma was mainly due to preferential leakage of cytoplasmic GOT (GOTs).

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

Observations in patients with occlusion amblyopia: results of treatment.

Further observation was made of 100 cases of occlusion amblyopia (form vision deprivation amblyopia) in order to study the symptomatology and the results of treatment by intensive occlusion of the sound eye. The occlusion was classified into three categories: (1) Short-term total occlusion after entropion or other minor lid surgery, (2) Long-term total occlusion lasting more than 2 weeks as a consequence of unilateral congenital or traumatic cataract, (3) Long-term incomplete occlusion as in the case of a small punctate posterior pole cataract or a linear scar of the corneal endothelium. Ocular deviations, fixation pattern, and retinal correspondence were examined. The visual evoked response (VER) was studied with reference to the recovery of visual acuity after treatment. Th occurrence of amblyopia and the recovery of visual acuity were analysed in relation to the age at the time of occlusion and the age at the time of treatment in order to clarify the critical or sensitive period in the development of visual system in humans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Low responsiveness of synovial and peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by either PHA-P or CON-A in patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis.

Lymphocytes were highly purified from synovial fluid and peripheral blood of 10 rheumatoid arthritis patients and assessed for responsiveness to PHA-P and Con-A. In all cases, both synovial and blood lymphocytes showed a marked reduction in response to these mitogens compared with normal blood lymphocytes. The factors responsible for this low T cell responsiveness are discussed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1977

Herpes simplex encephalitis: an autopsy case with isolation of type 1 herpes simplex virus.

An adult case of herpes simplex encephalitis was studied after autopsy. Postmortem examination revealed necrotizing encephalitis associated with Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusion bodies in glial cells. Herper simplex virus type 1 was isolated from the removed brain. Herpes simplex virus antigens were detected diffusely in wide areas of the brain by immunofluorescent test and viral particles characteristic to herpes simplex virus were demonstrated by electron microscopy. There was an apparent discrepancy between severity of histological changes and distribution of virus antigen.

Adult↗