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Biomedical subjects

S Misawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Misawa.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Heterogeneous colony forming ability in vitro of the abnormal clone-derived granulocyte-macrophage precursors in myelodysplastic syndromes.

The clonal origin of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (CFU-GM) in the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) was cytogenetically studied. Chromosome analysis was carried out on single GM-colonies from six patients with MDS, whose bone marrow cells had chromosome abnormalities. Abnormal clone-derived CFU-GM were grown in four patients under the presence of human placental conditioned medium. In the remaining two, all analysed colonies revealed a normal karyotype, although the majority of metaphase cells showed an abnormal karyotype in bone marrow preparations. These results indicate that the abnormal clone-derived CFU-GM in MDS have a clone-by-clone variation in colony forming ability in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cytogenetic evidence for a clonal involvement of granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid lineages in a patient with refractory anaemia.

To investigate the clonal origin of refractory anaemia, we carried out cytogenetic studies on single haematopoietic colonies derived from granulocyte-macrophage precursors (CFU-GM) and erythroid precursors (BFU-E). Marrow cells from a patient with refractory anaemia revealed the coexistence of a normal and an abnormal karyotype; 46,XY/45,XY,-15,-18,+der(15q18q). Cytogenetic studies on CFU-GM- and BFU-E-derived colonies obtained from the bone marrow showed the presence of the same karyotypic abnormality carrying the der(15q18q). Colonies carrying a normal diploid karyotype were also detected in the same culture dish. These results indicate that the clone with the der(15q18q) chromosome abnormality arises in a stem cell which can differentiate to at least both granulocyte-macrophage and erythroid lineages.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sex-related differences in hepatic drug-oxidizing capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Male and female animal models of diabetes were prepared by treating rats with streptozotocin (STZ). Trimethadione (TMO) metabolism was depressed in male but increased in female diabetic rats. The insulin treatment normalized rats of both sexes. Serum dimethadione/TMO ratios at 2 h correlated with the elevated blood glucose levels in male and female control, the STZ-induced diabetic and the insulin-treated diabetic rats. Treatment with STZ in male rats affected the metabolism of antipyrine, decreasing urinary excretion of norantipyrine (NORA) urine but increasing elimination of 4-hydroxyantipyrine (OHA). In female diabetic rats, the amounts of the three major metabolites, NORA, OHA and 3-hydroxymethyl-3-norantipyrine and the total (conjugate + free) were increased compared to the control. In the insulin-treated groups, these changes were normalized. In conclusion, our study showed that the effect of STZ-induced diabetes on drug metabolism varies with the sex and the drugs used. Insulin normalized all these diabetic changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effect of H2-receptor antagonists on antipyrine and pentobarbital metabolism in male and female rats.

Pretreatment of male and female rats with cimetidine decreased the amount of 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine in the 24-hr urine, but urinary antipyrine and 4-hydroxyantipyrine were increased compared to that of the corresponding control rats. On the other hand, the amount of norantipyrine and the total amount of antipyrine and its metabolites were not changed by cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine. These data suggest that ranitidine and famotidine have little effect on the microsomal mixed function oxidase system in male and female rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism among five Asian populations.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms were detected using 13 restriction enzymes on the total DNA obtained from blood samples of five Asian populations: Japanese and Ainu of northern Japan, Korean, Negrito (Aeta) of the Philippines, and Vedda of Sri Lanka. Of a total of 28 restriction-enzyme morphs detected, eight had not been reported previously. By combining the morphs, we were able to classify mtDNAs of 243 individuals into 20 mtDNA types. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony and genetic distance methods both showed that the Japanese, Ainu, and Korean populations were closely related to each other. Aeta was found to show a relatively close relationship to these three populations, confirming the conclusion from previous studies of blood markers. In contrast, Vedda was quite different from the other four populations.

Asia↗
PubMed1988

A clone with a chromosome abnormality, i(17q), in the myeloid crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia is able to differentiate into neutrophil, basophil and eosinophil lineages.

Simultaneous cytogenetic and morphologic observations of single colonies derived from granulocytic precursor cells were performed on a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) during the myeloid crisis. Colonies having a Ph1 chromosome and i(17q) were found to consist of neutrophilic/basophilic, eosinophilic/basophilic or basophilic granulocytes. These findings led to the conclusion that cells having the additional abnormality, i(17q), are still able to differentiate into neutrophil, basophil and eosinophil lineages. In other words, this chromosome abnormality does not give a proliferative advantage to a restricted cell lineage.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of a combination treatment with cefmenoxime and cefsulodin of severe infections in leukemia and related disorders].

A combination of cefmenoxime (CMX) and cefsulodin (CFS) which has a broad spectrum on various bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated for severe infections associated with hematological malignancies. Seventy one patients were treated with the combination therapy. Among them, 57 patients were evaluable for the effectiveness. Fourteen patients were not evaluable because 10 patients were subjected to additional therapy such as gamma-globulin, interferon, radiation and pulse therapy of a large dose of methylprednisolone, 3 were prophylactically treated and the remaining one was a patient with disseminated bone marrow metastasis of prostatic cancer and not a patient with a hematologic malignancy. Excellent responses were obtained in 24 (42.1%) patients and good response in 12 (21.1%) patients, with a total rate of effectiveness of 63.2%. Three patients who were treated prophylactically and one patient who suffered from prostatic cancer with metastasis to bone marrow, were included in the final evaluation of side effects. Side effects were observed in only one patient (1/61, 1.6%). Mild neutropenia was identified in a patient of 78 years of age in 4 days after the combined regimen was started. Neutropenia disappeared soon after the cessation of the treatment. These results showed that a combination of CMX and CFS was an effective and safe regimen for the treatment of severe infections in patients with hematological disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Estimation of postmortem interval based on the third component of complement (C3) cleavage.

To estimate postmortem interval (PMI), the spontaneous conversion of the native third component of complement (C3) to its derived fragments in whole blood was studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. C3 cleavages in vitro at different temperatures showed that the incubation of whole blood at a higher temperature led to a faster conversion of beta 1C (native C3) to beta 1A (C3c). In cadaveric blood, we found a significant positive correlation between percentage of C3 cleavage and PMI. From these results, it is possible to estimate PMI from the ratios of C3 cleavage.

Body Temperature↗