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Biomedical subjects

S Minowada

Publications and source records attributed to S Minowada.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Flow cytometric analysis of DNA aneuploidy in adrenal tumors].

Nuclear DNA content of paraffin-embedded tissue from 38 adrenal neoplasms and 9 histologically normal adrenal glands was analyzed using flow cytometry. Histological diagnosis of thirty-eight adrenal neoplasms were 3 adrenocortical carcinomas, 20 adrenocortical adenomas and 15 pheochromocytomas. In 33 cases (87%) of the 38 tumors the determination of DNA ploidy was possible. All 9 control specimens showed DNA diploid pattern in DNA histogram. In adrenocortical neoplasms the incidence of DNA aneuploidy was 0% (0 of 17) in adenomas and 100% (2 of 2) in carcinomas. All 17 adrenocortical adenomas which showed DNA diploid pattern are clinically benign. On the other hand, both 2 cases of adrenocortical carcinoma which showed DNA aneuploidy died within 1 year. These data suggest that DNA aneuploidy may be useful as a prognostic factor in adrenocortical neoplasm. With regard to pheochromocytoma, DNA aneuploidy was detected in 4 of 14 patients (29%). However, all 14 cases were clinically benign. In pheochromocytoma DNA aneuploidy was not found to be correlated with prognosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

A t(Y;15) translocation with a deletion of the proximal Yq in a boy with mixed gonadal dysgenesis.

A Japanese boy with genital malformation and mixed gonadal dysgenesis is described. The karyotype appeared to be 46,X t(15;Y)(p13;q11). A comparison of the Q-positive segment on der(15) with that of the paternal Y chromosome revealed, however, the loss of over half of the Q-positive segment from the paternal Y during t(15;Y) translocation. The father had an unusually long Y chromosome that corresponded to a chromosome 18. DNA analysis further revealed a deletion of the non-fluorescent part of the long arm of the Y chromosome spanning interval 5-6.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1991

Molecular cloning and mapping of 10 new probes on the human Y chromosome.

We have developed a novel positive cloning vector whose use precludes the cloning of any fragments less than 0.8 kb as well as 3.4-kb EcoRI fragments of DYZ1, the largest repeating-DNA family on the long arm of the human Y chromosome. Using this vector, we subcloned inserts of a Y-chromosome-specific phage library constructed from EcoRI-digested flow-sorted Y-chromosome DNA. Ten novel Y-specific fragments were obtained. Their localization on the Y chromosome was determined by deletion mapping using clinical samples with structurally abnormal Y chromosomes. The long arm of the Y chromosome was divided into 12 segments by the novel probes in combination with established probes. The amelogenin-like sequence, mapped on the long arm in Human Gene Mapping 10, has been mapped on the short arm.

Amelogenin↗
PubMed1991

Deoxyribonucleic acid and cytological detection of Y-containing cells in an XX hypospadiac boy with polyorchidism.

A hypospadiac boy with a hypoplastic penis and an apparent 46,XX karyotype in blood and testis cultures is described. Exploratory laparotomy and bilateral gonadal biopsy revealed the presence of 2 testes in the right and 1 in the left hemiscrotum, each of which only showed hypoplastic testicular tissues histologically. Uncultured testis smears showed Y chromatin in approximately 20% of the cells. Also, the Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction analyses detected a weak but distinct signal of Y chromosome-derived deoxyribonucleic acid sequences in the perineal skin but not in the blood lymphocytes. The results indicated that the boy had a small proportion of Y chromosome-containing cells in the form of mosaicism in limited tissues, such as the testes and perineal skin. This finding may have implications in the genesis of testes in some cases of XX patients, and true hermaphrodites or male pseudohermaphrodites with an apparent 46,XX karyotype. To our knowledge, this appears to be the first case of polyorchidism with an identified chromosome abnormality.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

Laser ureterolithotripsy with combined rigid and flexible ureterorenoscopy.

Because the pulsed dye laser can be transmitted through a thin, flexible quartz fiber a small caliber ureteroscope and flexible ureterorenoscope are applicable. Therefore, the use of a rigid or flexible ureterorenoscope was combined with laser lithotripsy to treat upper urinary tract calculi. All 14 ureteral stones below the pelvic brim were removed successfully with a rigid 7.2F (outer diameter) ureteroscope and 14 of 16 stones above the pelvic brim were removed with a flexible ureterorenoscope. Laser monotherapy was effective in 24 cases and the complementary use of forceps or electrohydraulic lithotripsy was required in 4. Two stones were lost from the visual field during endoscopic manipulation. There was no complication requiring surgical correction. The combined use of these instruments is highly successful and safe for the treatment of upper urinary tract calculi.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Measurement of inhibin concentrations in men: study of changes after castration and comparison with androgen levels in testicular tissue, spermatic venous blood, and peripheral venous blood.

We measured serum inhibin levels in eight untreated patients with prostatic cancer undergoing castration by RIA using an antiserum against 31-kDa bovine follicular fluid inhibin. The inhibin concentrations in testicular tissue and spermatic venous blood were also measured in six of these patients. Serum inhibin levels (mean +/- SD, 377.8 +/- 212.1 U/L), declined rapidly after castration (15 min after, 233 +/- 171.4; 30 min, 224.6 +/- 156.6; 1 h, 181.5 +/- 95.9; 2 h, 174.3 +/- 69.4; 4 h, 122 +/- 6.4; 6 h, less than 120). High concentrations of inhibin were detected in testicular tissue (31,360 +/- 15,180 U/kg), and the levels in spermatic venous blood (3,178.3 +/- 1,386.8 U/L) were approximately 10 times greater than those in peripheral blood (385.5 +/- 233.1 U/L). Testosterone levels were 1,968.2 +/- 992.3 nmol/kg in testicular tissue and approximately 100 times greater in spermatic venous blood (1,631.6 +/- 389.7 nmol/L) than in peripheral blood (18.0 +/- 4.4 nmol/L). These results suggest that circulating inhibin in men mainly originates from testis and that one of the routes of secretion is via the bloodstream.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Four cases of bladder replacement by enterocystoplasty after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer].

Four male patients with invasive bladder cancer, 44 to 68 years old in age, underwent bladder replacement with ileum after radical cystectomy. In three patients an ileal segment alone was isolated for construction of neobladder, and in the fourth patient, the terminal portion of the ileum, the cecum and the proximal part of the ascending colon were isolated for the bladder replacement. In all the cases isolated segments were detubularized for obtaining a low pressure reservoir. All the patients, except one who had a past history of cerebro-vascular disease and was performing intermittent self-catheterization because of a kind of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia of the ileal-neobladder, are now enjoying almost the same voluntary urination as before the operation. Serum creatinine, BUN and electrolytes are all normal during the postoperative observation period, although a very slight metabolic acidosis was observed in 3 patients. Ten to 16 months have passed without any complications and all the patients are alive without any sign of tumor recurrence or metastatic involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study of 124 cases of renal cell carcinoma].

One hundred twenty-four cases of renal cell carcinoma treated at Department of Urology, The University of Tokyo were analyzed for their clinical characteristics and prognosis. To be noted were the recent increase of incidentally detected cases, kidney-sparing technique in curative surgery and adjuvant therapy using biological response modifiers. Prognosis was more favorable in cases with incidental detection, normal ESR or cystic pattern in pathological architecture, whereas that of cases with metastatic lesions or Grade 3 tumors was ominous. Tumor stage as TUMV or Robson stage was useful to predict the prognosis, although one stage contained cases of considerably different survival periods. These results suggested that the efforts to improve prognosis in the present practice should include early detection of renal cancer by promoting health check-up and development of preventive measure of postoperative recurrence. A more proper staging system might also be needed to analyze clinical studies.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Transarterial embolization of metastatic pheochromocytoma].

We successfully controlled hypertension of a 48-year-old female by embolizing metastatic pheochromocytoma of the liver. Although transarterial embolization of the hepatic artery was uneventful, the patient soon developed severe hypertension and tachycardia which were controlled medically. Symptoms subsided within 10-20 days. Follow-up CT showed reduction of the liver mass.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Three cases of Klinefelter syndrome in childhood--endocrinological and gonadal changes in puberty].

Three children at the ages of 4, 10 and 12 years, with external genital malformation, were diagnosed to be with the Klinefelter syndrome by chromosome analysis. To clarify the pubertal changes in this syndrome, all of them were studied for physical and endocrinological examinations and two underwent testicular biopsy. Before puberty any remarkable abnormality were not observed in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and in the physical status. After the onset of puberty they started showing increases of the basal levels of plasma FSH and LH with over-response to LH-RH stimulation test. During the period of this study the levels of plasma testosterone were in the normal range and increased gradually with age. One boy showed a transient high level of plasma testosterone at early puberty. The reactions of plasma testosterone to HCG stimulation of all cases showed the normal pattern. The histological examination of the testis revealed that the number of spermatogonia was reduced in both cases compared with that of normal boys reported by Mancini et al. These findings indicate that most endocrinological and histological abnormalities in adult Klinefelter syndrome occur after the onset of puberty. These changes may be induced at puberty by hypergonadotrophic condition which result from slightly impaired testicular function which is present before puberty.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of etretinate on spermatogenesis and endocrine parameter function in man].

Nine adult men with psoriasis were treated orally with 50-75 mg/day aromatic retinoid, etretinate for more than 3 months. Semen analyses as well as measurement of serum levels of LH, FSH, prolactin, testosterone and estradiol were performed before and every month during the therapy for 3 months or more in order to study the effects of the drug on male reproductive function. Average sperm concentration at 2 months after the treatment by the drug was higher than the untreated value, although this was statistically not significant due to greater variations. Decrease in sperm count during the therapy was observed only in one patient. Sperm concentration of this case, however, was recovered and increased to higher levels after 6 months on the drug. No change was found in other semen parameters including sperm morphology. All hormone levels remained unchanged except for prolactin which increased. We conclude that etretinate did not cause suppression of spermatogenesis nor impairment of sperm motility or morphology as far as shown by the present observation periods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of urinary steroid profile in patients with adrenal tumor as a screening method for carcinoma.

Results of measurement of urinary steroid metabolite profile using gas chromatographic analysis in eight patients with adrenocortical tumors, i.e. 3 adenomas with Cushing's Syndrome, one adenoma with virilization, one adenoma without clinical manifestations, one carcinoma with Cushing's syndrome and virilization, one carcinoma with Cushing's syndrome and feminization, and one carcinoma without endocrinological symptoms, are reported. A unique pattern dominated by 5 beta and 11 beta-hydroxy steroid metabolites was confirmed in five patients with Cushing's syndrome consisting of three cases with adenomas and two with carcinomas. Excessive 3 alpha, 17 alpha, 21-trihydroxy-5 beta-pregnan-20-one (tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol, THS) and delta 5-pregnene-3 beta, 11 alpha, 20 alpha-triol (delta 5-pregnenetriol) values were found in all three carcinomas including a nonfunctional carcinoma. These findings would strongly suggest the tumor to be a carcinoma, although excessive excretion of THS and delta 5-pregnenetriol was detected in one patient with a large adenoma associated with virilization. One patient with carcinoma was responsive to ACTH stimulation while the remainder show almost no response to exogenous ACTH. Urinary steroid profiling using gas chromatographic analysis, especially the values for THS and delta 5-pregnenetriol, appears to be a useful method to use in detecting these steroid metabolic characteristics in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma.

Adenoma↗