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Biomedical subjects

S Minkowitz

Publications and source records attributed to S Minkowitz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Coexistent sarcoidosis and HIV infection. A comparison of bronchoalveolar and peripheral blood lymphocytes.

A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis diagnosed in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected man is reported. The transbronchial lung biopsy specimen revealed noncaseating granuloma. A comparison of the lymphocyte subsets in both peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed a pattern more typical of HIV infection than of classic sarcoidosis. A course of prednisone led to improvement in symptoms, roentgenographic findings, lung volumes, and diffusion capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Scaphoid enchondroma.

Enchondromas are rarely found in carpal bones. This paper reports a case with scaphoid enchondroma and reviews three cases from previous literature. Three of the patients with scaphoid enchondromas presented with pathologic fractures after traumatic events. Each enchondroma had characteristic histopathologic findings. It is important to realize that although enchondroma is usually a painless lesion, it weakens the cortex of the involved bone, facilitating fracture. Thus, when cystic scaphoid fractures are encountered, enchondroma must be part of the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Transfusion-associated-graft-vs-host disease in a presumed immunocompetent patient.

Since the advent of bone marrow transplantation, a vexing clinical problem is that of acute graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). A less well-recognized disorder is that of GVHD in patients receiving blood products containing immunocompetent lymphocytes. Transfusion-associated (TA)-GVHD has a lower incidence and higher mortality (greater than 90%) than bone marrow transplantation-GVHD and until now has been limited to patients with hereditary or acquired immunologic deficits and to patients immunocompromised by chemotherapy for malignant neoplasms. We presently describe a patient who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery and who suffered what we believe was TA-GVHD. This diagnosis is supported by considering the chronology of events (in particular, blood transfusion), clinical features (fever, rash, abnormal results of liver function tests, diarrhea, and pancytopenia), and a skin biopsy specimen that revealed basal cell vacuolation and lymphocyte satellitosis that are considered characteristic for this disorder. We believe TA-GVHD can occur in previously immunocompetent patients who receive transfusions of blood products containing functioning lymphocytes and that this awareness will lead to the discovery of additional cases and a better understanding of this disorder.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

TRU-CUT needle biopsy of the breast. An analysis of its specificity and sensitivity.

One hundred fifty needle core biopsies of the breast, performed with the use of the Travenol TRU-CUT disposable needle, were done from January 1980 to November 1984. There were 112 diagnoses of breast cancer and 33 diagnoses of normal breast tissue or nonneoplastic breast disease, including 2 diagnoses of marked atypia. In five biopsy specimens, no breast tissue or tumor could be identified. Fourteen cases of malignancy were not diagnosed by TRU-CUT biopsy specimens. There were no false-positive diagnoses. Sensitivity for the diagnoses of breast cancer was 89% overall and 94% for lesions greater than 2.5 cm in diameter. The histopathologic correlation between the core biopsy specimen and the excised specimen is excellent. The core biopsy specimen permits the pathologist to accurately classify the mammary carcinoma. The overall specificity for the TRU-CUT needle biopsy is 100%, and the overall predictive value of a positive needle biopsy is 100%. A factor not apparent in all reports, whether they be fine needle aspiration or core biopsy, is the ability of the individual obtaining the tissue and the cytopathologist or pathologist interpreting the material.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nuclear vacuolar acantholytic vesicular dermatitis associated with leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

A 48-year-old obese white woman had had a recurrent vesicular eruption for the previous 5 years. This eruption involved almost all parts of the body, including vaginal mucosa. The plantar and palmar surfaces were not involved. Eruptions start with a prodromal phase: 24 to 48 hours prior to the eruption, the normal-appearing skin becomes painful. A reddish discoloration occurs, and vesicles form within a half hour. The histologic features of the vesicles are unique in that they contain acantholytic cells. The nuclei of these cells are vacuolated and contain a reddish, "target"-appearing substance. The underlying corium shows a necrotizing leukocytoclastic vasculitis. They only effective medication for this disease is cyclophosphamide. Pathogenesis is discussed and is compared with that of other vesiculo-bullous acantholytic lesions with that of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. To the best of our knowledge, this disease appears to be unique.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Sipple's syndrome with a malignant pheochromocytoma presenting as a pericardial effusion.

Sipple's syndrome is a multiple endocrinopathy usually involving the adrenal medulla and the thyroid. In the present case, a malignant pheochromocytoma metastasized to the pericardium and both lungs. The patient was known to have had a calcified right suprarenal mass for 8 years. He was admitted to the emergency room with symptomatology consistent with pericardial tamponade, but despite intensive management, he expired.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Hypothermic lung preservation functions, six or more years later.

The functions of each lung were measured 41 and 79 months following hypothermic twenty-four four lung preservation and autotransplantation in six and four dogs respectively. Functional results were compared with long-term autotransplanted canine lungs. Compliance, total lung capacity, functional reserve capacity and ventilation of preserved lungs were similar to autotransplanted lungs, and only slightly decreased as compared with normal animals. There was no statistically significant difference between the pulmonary diffusion capacity and oxygen uptake of the preserved and autotransplanted lungs group and autotransplants alone. However, in both groups, diffusion capacity and oxygen uptake were decreased as compared with intact animals. Pulmonary hypertension was found on occlusion of the contralateral lung's artery: it was due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance. No gross narrowing of the pulmonary artery or venous anastomosis was found that could explain the increased resistance. Diffuse emphysema of various degrees was observed in all animals. This study seems to indicate that hypothermic preservation of the lung does not affect significantly the long-term functional ability of the organ, and probably will have practical value in future clinical lung transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pseudolymphoma presenting as a cecal tumor.

A 7-yr-old with abdominal pain and melena had a barium enema which revealed a cecal lesion that proved to be a pseudolymphoma of the cecum and appendix--a site not previously reported.

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Arterialization of the liver in combination with a portacaval shunt in the dog.

A dog preparation has been developed combining an end-to-side portacaval shunt with arterialization of the hepatic portion of the portal vein through an anastomosis between the inferior branch of the splenic artery and the stump of the portal vein. In this dog preparation, total hepatic blood flow, perfusion of the intrahepatic portal vein, and sinusoidal pressure remained within the preoperative range in the majority of the dogs. The data presented indicate that arterialization of the liver, under those conditions, resulted in no histologic damage or atrophy of the parenchyma of the liver and was effective in achieving significant prolongation of life and prevention of most of the adverse metabolic sequelae that follow a portacaval shunt in dogs. The indocyanine green extraction was restored to normal. The extraction of ammonia was impaired in all dogs with shunts; however, a significantly better ammonia extraction was seen in dogs with arterialization of the liver. It is being postulated that the dual perfusion of the liver through the hepatic artery and the portal vein is essential for the maintenance of the normal morphologic and functional states of the liver in dogs. The avoidance of hyperfusion of the sinusoidal bed with arterial blood is the most critical factor in preventing morphologic damage of the liver if arterialization of the portal vein is used.

Ammonia↗