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Biomedical subjects

S Millar

Publications and source records attributed to S Millar.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effects of phonological and tactual similarity on serial object recall by blind and sighted children.

Two experiments tested 30 blind and 60 sighted children on serial recall of easily named objects, differing (1) in name sound and tactual characteristics; (2) in name sound, but similar in feel; and (3) in feel, but similar in name sound. Significant recall decrements were found for tactually similar relative to dissimilar series for both blind, and sighted subjects able to cope with set-sizes of up to 5 items, but not for subjects under a set-size of 6. Blind and sighted children tested under set-sizes of 4 and 5 or 6 items showed recall decrements for phonologically similar compared to dissimilar lists, but subjects under a set-size of 2 or 3 did not. It was argued that the results demonstrate both tactual and phonological encoding of tactually presented material by children.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1975

Effects of tactual and phonological similarity on the recall of Braille letters by blind children.

Forty-eight severly blind children, able to cope with set-sizes of two and three, four, five or six serial items were tested on probed recall of Braille letters they could either name or discriminate, when the letters were (1) dissimilar in tactual characteristics and name sounds, (2) similar in feel, but different in name sound, and (3) dissimilar in feel but similar in name sound. Results showed that tactual similarity produced recall decrements by subjects able to be tested under set-sizes of up to five items, while phonological similarity produced recall decrements by subjects testable under set-sizes of five and six items. It was argued that tactual information survives perception and affects recall, and that blind children can encode tactual inputs either tactually or verbally, but that this probably depends upon different processes.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1975

Spatial memory by blind and sighted children.

Non-verbal recall of haptically presented spatial positions by three age groups of blind and sighted children was tested under conditions varying cueing, recall type and stimulus position in a within-subject design. Slighted status was not only significant, but interacted significantly with recall type, and further with stimulus position, consistent with sequential haptic by blind and quasi-simultaneous visual processing by sighted children. Age was significant, but its only significant interaction was a relatively small one with cueing conditions and stimulus position, suggesting that the oldest group, regardless of sightedness, used verbal strategies in pre-cued conditions. The findings support the hypothesis that visual and haptic modalities of representation have demonstrably different effects on processing and efficiency in spatial recall, but counterindicate the hypothesis that these relate differentially to age. Results also suggest that a combination of cue utilization and verbal strategies is a significant, but relatively minor, factor in improvements in spatial recall.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antigens released from four oral bacteria in periodontitis.

Antigens fractionated from cultures of four oral bacteria were tested for binding of serum IgG, IgA and IgM from patients in early and established phase of periodontitis. Bacteroides gingivalis and A.actinomycetemcomitans released antigens that discriminated between serum from individuals with or without periodontitis. The discriminating antigens ranged from 10 to 43 kDa and included neutral sugar and protein but no lipids. Significantly increased levels of IgG and IgA antibodies to the antigens released from B. gingivalis were detected before bone loss was seen and predicted such disease progression.

Actinobacillus↗