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Biomedical subjects

S Mehta

Publications and source records attributed to S Mehta.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered diastolic function in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes: no relation to macrosomia.

In a previous study, asymptomatic infants of mothers with gestational diabetes (IGDMs) were observed to have altered left ventricular (LV) filling. In the present study, we reanalyzed the data to examine whether the observed abnormalities were related to maternal diabetes or due to the greater preponderance of macrosomic infants (32%) in the gestational diabetes group. No echocardiographic (systolic or diastolic) differences were observed when the data were compared in 16 large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and 24 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants among IGDM. Comparison of 16 LGA IGDM and 17 LGA infants of control mothers revealed lower LV size during diastole and systole in the IGDM. The present analysis suggests that the cardiac alterations in the IGDMs are not due to the preponderance of macrosomia but, rather, the consequence of altered in utero metabolic environment.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fast magnetic resonance in vascular diseases of the abdomen.

Fast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides a consistent and predictable appearance of vascular abnormalities as shown by four patients with thrombi, dissection and aneurysm. Fast MR images are obtained during breath-holding, resulting in an absence of respiratory motion artifacts. The time of MR study is much less with fast MR than with spin echo sequences.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility of fast MR imaging of the liver at 1.5 T.

A phantom with T1 and T2 relaxation times encompassing normal liver and liver lesions was constructed to evaluate fast magnetic resonance pulse sequences using TR from 21-100 milliseconds, TE 12-60 milliseconds and flip angles from 5 degrees-90 degrees. Ten of these fast MR sequences were then selected and compared with conventional spin-echo sequences in normal volunteers (n = 3) and in patients with liver lesions (n = 6). Subjectively, the fast MR sequences eliminated motion artefacts. Objectively, 8 of 10 fast sequences had signal-to-noise ratios comparable to spin-echo imaging whereas only 2 of 10 had contrast-to-noise ratios that were similar to spin-echo imaging. This preliminary study, performed at 1.5 Tesla, does not show any clear-cut advantage of fast imaging over spin-echo imaging in the detection of liver lesions. The use of a liver tissue equivalent phantom provides a rapid, practical approach in evaluation of fast scans.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute cerebellar swelling in varicella encephalitis.

A 4-year-old male developed encephalitis 2 weeks after the onset of varicella. During his evaluation neuroradiologic procedures documented cerebellar edema and demyelination. Cerebrospinal fluid titers confirmed varicella encephalitis. To our knowledge, this patient is the first reported with focal cerebellar edema, an expected finding, with a clinical varicella infection as documented by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Brain Edema↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative evaluation of sclerosants for esophageal varices: a prospective randomized controlled study.

The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to find a safe and effective sclerosing solution for endoscopic injection sclerotherapy in the treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding. Ninety consecutive patients with portal hypertension and variceal bleeding were randomized to receive sclerotherapy with 5% ethanolamine oleate, 3% sodium tetradecyl sulfate, or absolute alcohol at an interval of 3 weeks. Sixty-four patients who received more than three sessions were analyzed. All three agents were found to have similar success and complication rates (p greater than 0.05). However, absolute alcohol required fewer sessions (p less than 0.01) and lesser amounts (p less than 0.01) to produce successful variceal sclerosis and had the added advantage of low cost and easy availability.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of fiberoptic endoscopy in the management of corrosive ingestion and modified endoscopic classification of burns.

We prospectively evaluated the role of fiberoptic esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the management of 81 patients with corrosive ingestion. A total of 381 endoscopic examinations were performed: 88 within 96 hours following corrosive ingestion, 108 between the third and ninth week, and 185 during the period of follow-up after bougie dilation of esophageal strictures. The customary endoscopic classification of burns (grades 0 to 3) was modified by subdividing grade 2 burns into 2a and 2b, and grade 3 burns into 3a and 3b for prognostic and therapeutic implications. There was no significant correlation between oropharyngeal and upper gastrointestinal tract injury. Early major complications and deaths were confined to patients with grade 3 burns. All patients with grade 0, 1, and 2a burns recovered without sequelae. The majority of patients (71.4%) with grade 2b injury and all survivors with grade 3 injury developed esophageal or gastric cicatrization, or both, which needed endoscopic or surgical treatment. There were no complications related to endoscopy. We conclude that early endoscopy is not only a safe, reliable, and accurate diagnostic tool in such patients, but also is of crucial importance in management and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pyoderma gangrenosum in two siblings: a familial predisposition.

We report pyoderma gangrenosum in two siblings with onset during childhood and no associated systemic abnormalities. The patients were born of nonconsanguineous, healthy parents. Treatment with oral corticosteroids produced an excellent clinical response, followed by recurrence after cessation of therapy. Steroids were restarted in combination with dapsone to prevent further recurrence.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recent improvements in a completely implanted total artificial heart.

The total artificial heart under development by the Pennsylvania State University and 3M Health Care has undergone a number of design improvements to improve reliability, manufacturability, implantability, and performance. These improvements are nearing completion in preparation for formal durability testing. The redesigned implanted electronics canister, consisting of a welded titanium shell with hermetic connectors, contains the control, telemetry, and energy transmission electronics, as well as a 9 cell, 800 mAhr Ni-Cd battery pack. Functional changes include a reduction in the battery recharge time from 14 hours to 4 hours, and a new inductive telemetry system. The energy transmission system operating frequency has been increased from 160 kHz to 200 kHz. Electromagnetic interference filters and a more efficient control mode have also been implemented. The energy converter has been modified to incorporate a new motor with integral Hall effect position sensors, and new cable, and compliance chamber conduit fittings. High flex life cable is now used for the motor and coil cables. Two prototype durability mock circulatory loops have been built and are being tested. Substantial progress has been made in the completion of manufacturing documentation, and in the implementation of a quality system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of Giardia lamblia antigen in the feces by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.

The presence of Giardia lamblia antigen in stools of symptomatic and asymptomatic giardiasis patients was studied by counterimmunoelectrophoresis using anti-G. lamblia (Portland strain I) trophozoite antibodies. This test could detect antigen in feces of 94% of giardiasis patients. However, it failed to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic Giardia infection. There were no false-positive results in children with other diseases. Antigen in the stools disappeared within 1 to 2 weeks after eradication of infection with specific treatment. The overall sensitivity of this test in detecting G. lamblia antigen in stool was 94%, and the specificity was 95%.

Antigens, Protozoan↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of administration of a single dose of testosterone oenanthate on human serum and seminal plasma inhibin concentration.

The effect of a single administration of testosterone oenanthate (250 mg, intra-muscularly) on serum and seminal plasma inhibin concentrations were studied in four adult human volunteers. A significant decrease in serum FSH and LH levels were observed by day 6 when the serum testosterone levels were high. These were followed by a sharp increase in serum and seminal plasma inhibin concentration by day 8 and day 12 respectively. The present investigations also suggest the existence of a positive relationship between the serum and seminal plasma inhibin concentrations.

Adult↗