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S Mattingly

Publications and source records attributed to S Mattingly.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

A model of the quaternary structure of enolases, based on structural and evolutionary analysis of the octameric enolase from Bacillus subtilis.

Purified enolase from Bacillus subtilis has a native mass of approximately 370 kDa. Since B. subtilis enolase was found to have a subunit mass of 46.58 kDa, the quaternary structure of B. subtilis is octameric. The pl for B. subtilis enolase is 6.1, the pH optimum (pHo) for activity is 8.1-8.2, and the Km for 2-PGA is approximately 0.67 mM. Using the dimeric Calpha structure of yeast dimeric enolase as a guide, these dimers were arranged as a tetramer of dimers to simulate the electron microscopy image processing obtained for the octameric enolase purified from Thermotoga maritima. This arrangement allowed identification of helix J of one dimer (residues 86-96) and the loop between helix L and strand 1 (HL-S1 loop) of another dimer as possible subunit interaction regions. Alignment of available enolase amino acid sequences revealed that in 16 there are two tandem glycines at the C-terminal end of helix L and the HL-S1 loop is truncated by 4-6 residues relative to the yeast polypeptide, two structural features absent in enolases known to be dimers. From these arrangements and alignments it is proposed that the GG tandem at the C-terminal end of helix L and truncation of the HL-S1 loop may play a critical role in octamer formation of enolases. Interestingly, the sequence features associated with dimeric quaternary structure are found in three phylogenetically disparate groups, suggesting that the ancestral enolase was an octamer and that the dimeric structure has arisen independently multiple times through evolutionary history.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Family involvement in medical decision making.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The standard medical ethics model of decision making is based on the four principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice. The recognized relationship is the physician and patient. This study considered the role(s) family plays in medical decision making. METHODS: Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 39 patients and family members. Codebook and template analysis of the transcripts identified common themes. RESULTS: Patients and families identified three roles for family involvement in medical decision making--supporting the patient, being affected by the decision, and advocating for autonomy. CONCLUSIONS: Through these roles, patients acknowledge the context of family life in medical decision making, while families actively promote patient autonomy. Consideration of nonmedical burdens related to family roles and relationships takes an equal or higher priority than consideration of medical burdens. Family is, and should be treated as, a significant moral participant in medical decision making.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The adequacy of fragmin as a single bolus dose with reused dialyzers.

Thirty-four hemodialysis patients were studied in a crossover fashion to compare the effectiveness of bolus-dose Fragmin (a low molecular weight heparin) with regular heparin usage in hemodialysis. For each anticoagulant, 3 dialyzes were studied for each patient; the first sessions involved a new dialyzer, and the subsequent sessions involved dialyzers reprocessed with peracetic acid. To assess the effectiveness of the anticoagulation regimens, the following were measured: the dialyzer fiber bundle volume and the instantaneous dialyzer clearances for urea (1 h into the second session). In addition, factor Xa levels were measured in 5 patients during the first and second sessions at 0 min, 30 min, and 4 h. Fiber bundle volumes were (in ml) 75.4 +/- 8.8, 73.0 +/- 8.9, and 73.5 +/- 7.6 on first, second, and third uses with Fragmin (p = ns); and 77.8 +/- 9.0, 73.4 +/- 8.1, and 73.8 +/- 8.1 with heparin (p < 0.001 second and third vs. first). Thus, there were no significant differences between Fragmin and heparin. Instantaneous dialyzer clearances were 165.8 +/- 12.6 ml/min with Fragmin and 163.8 +/- 9.8 with heparin (p = ns). Factor Xa levels were 0 predialysis, 0.81 +/- 0.17 U/ml at 30 min on first use, and 0.92 +/- 0.09 U/ml on second use (p = ns); they were 0.51 +/- 0.21 U/ml at 4 h on first use and 0.61 +/- 0.16 U/ml on second use (p = ns). Thus, bolus-dose Fragmin provided similar results to constant infusion heparin and is not deleteriously influenced by reprocessing dialyzers with peracetic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Team building.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Communication↗
PubMed1985

Mild conductive hearing loss and language development: a one year follow-up study.

Thirteen children aged 3 to 5 years with mild conductive hearing losses and histories of otitis media were pair-matched with audiologically normal children on age, sex, socioeconomic status, family intactness, and first language (English). The Test for Auditory Comprehension of Language, the Northwestern Syntax Screening Test, and the Developmental Sentence Scoring Procedure were administered. Phonology errors were tabulated from the spontaneous language sample. The language evaluation was repeated after a 1-year interval. All measures differentiated the groups at highly significant levels on the initial assessment. All tests except the Test for Auditory Comprehension of Language continued to show significant differences a year later. The results support the hypothesis that children who experience recurrent middle ear problems are at risk for persistent language delay.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Employment rehabilitation: outcome and prediction.

Several factors have been shown to influence return to work after chronic disability, but little is known about their independent effect. There is also some disagreement about what constitutes successful resettlement in work. To establish the predictors of an early return to stable employment, 1,565 rehabilitees discharged from two employment rehabilitation centers in England were followed for at least 1 year. Nineteen entry characteristics and six outcome measures were analyzed by the canonical correlation method. Results in the two groups of rehabilitees were fairly similar. Three variables contributed most to the outcome measure: getting a job, delay in starting work, and employment status at the time of follow-up. Factors associated with a successful outcome were motivation, a low level of physical disability, short duration of unemployment before rehabilitation, completion of rehabilitation course, and a low level of general unemployment in the home area of the rehabilitee.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Investigating non-response bias in mail surveys.

Losses in follow-up that are biased with respect to outcome invalidate the results. There are many ways of dealing with non-response in follow-up studies. Three separate methods were used to investigate a potential bias in a mail survey of 2471 disabled people. At a response rate of 84%, the non-respondents were significantly different from the respondents with respect to the outcome, return to work and vocational training. The success rate in terms of the outcome was negatively related to the number of reminders. Significant differences were found in response rates according to age, social class, impairments, previous employment record, and completion of rehabilitation courses. There is no safe level of response rates below 100%. However small the non-response, a possible bias as a result of it must be investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Long-term disability and return to work.

In a study of 2,113 physically or mentally disabled adults, an early return to stable employment was found to be largely dependent on two interrelated factors: motivation for work and the duration of unemployment before rehabilitation. If doctors refer such patients for medical and vocational rehabilitation at the earliest opportunity, they can help to reduce the period of unemployment and to restore patients' confidence and motivation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Differential diagnosis of malignant lymphoma and nonlymphoid tumors using monoclonal anti-leucocyte antibody.

Pathologic samples from 34 cases of human solid malignancies were tested for reactivity with monoclonal anti-human leucocyte antibody, designated 2D1. This antibody detects a human leucocyte antigen (HLe-I) that is expressed strongly on B and T lymphoid cells and weakly on early hemopoietic cells, but is not found on normal mesenchymal and epithelial tissues. This study demonstrates the use of this reagent in cryostat sections of tumor samples using indirect immunofluorescence in combination with other lymphoid markers such as anti-T cell serum, anti-Ia-like serum (detecting p28, 33 "B cell associated" membrane antigen) and antisera to different immunoglobulin isotypes. Tumor cells from all 12 cases of epithelial malignancies and sarcomas were HLe-I- although adjacent (normal) lymphoid cells showed strong positive staining. In contrast, 20 cases of lymphoma (B- as well as T-cell types) were HLe-I+. Two other malignancies involving the lymphoid system were HLe-I- and failed to express any of the other lymphoid markers tested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Unemployment and the disabled.

An analysis of Employment Services Division statistics show a close relationship between the levels of unemployment in the disabled rehabilitated at the Employment Rehabilitation Centres (ERCs) and the rates of unemployment in the general population in the whole of Great Britain (r = 0.90) or in the local areas of the Centres (r = 0.66). There is also a significant association between the levels of unemployment in 749 rehabilitees passing through one ERC and the rates of unemployment in their home areas. The results have practical implications for both the employment and medical rehabilitation services.

Disability Evaluation↗