Biomedical subjects

S Matsuo

Publications and source records attributed to S Matsuo.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid in infantile spinal muscular atrophy.

Analyses of tryptophan and tyrosine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid were performed to examine an abnormality of the monoamine neurone system in severe infantile spinal muscular atrophy (SMA type I). The levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid were significantly lower than those in controls. Decreases in the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and kynurenine seemed to be related to the severity of SMA type I. These results suggest that the monoamine neurone system may play a role in the pathophysiology of SMA type I.

Biogenic Monoamines↗

PubMed1994

Ascending projections of posterior canal-activated excitatory and inhibitory secondary vestibular neurons to the mesodiencephalon in cats.

The axonal projections of 62 posterior canal (PC)-activated excitatory and inhibitory secondary vestibular neurons were studied electrophysiologically in cats. PC-related neurons were identified by monosynaptic activation elicited by electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve and activation following nose-up rotation of the animal's head. Single excitatory and inhibitory neurons were identified by antidromic activation following electrical stimulation of the contralateral and ipsilateral medial longitudinal fasciculus, respectively. The oculomotor projections of identified neurons were confirmed with a spike-triggered averaging technique. The axonal projections of the identified neurons were then studied by systematic, antidromic stimulation of the mesodiencephalon. Excitatory neurons showed two main types of axonal projections. In one type, axonal branches were issued to the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, central gray, and thalamus including the ventral posterolateral, ventral posteromedial, ventral lateral, ventral medial, centromedian, central lateral, lateral posterior, and ventral lateral geniculate nuclei. The other type was more frequently observed, giving off axon collaterals to the above-mentioned regions and to Forel's field H as well. Inhibitory neurons issued axonal branches to limited areas which included the central gray, interstitial nucleus of Cajal, its adjacent reticular formation and caudalmost part of Forel's field H, but not the rostral part of the Forel's field H and the thalamus. These results suggest that PC-related excitatory neurons participate in the genesis of vertical eye movements and in the perception of the vestibular sensation, and that PC-related inhibitory neurons seem to take part only in the genesis of vertical eye movements.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Gastrocolic fistula originating from transverse colon cancer: report of a case and review of the Japanese literature.

A 72-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of loss of weight, general fatigue, and upper abdominal pain. Barium studies suggested that a fistula was present between the proximal transverse colon and the stomach which originated from a carcinoma of the colon. A plain computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a gastrocolic fistula. A two-thirds distal gastrectomy and right hemicolectomy with a resection of a bulky tumor in the mesocolon were performed en bloc. Histological examination revealed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon which was involved with the wall of the stomach. We were able to obtain information on 14 previous cases of gastrocolic fistula originating from transverse colon cancer in the Japanese literature, including the present case. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (64%). A preoperative diagnosis of fistula was confirmed in 10 of the 11 cases examined by barium studies. A plain CT and a CT scan after the barium studies may also be helpful in detecting fistula formation. A fistula between the carcinoma of the middle or distal transverse colon and the stomach was found in 13 of 14 cases, but not in our case. Only one case lived longer than 9 years, even though a surgical resection was possible in 9 of 11 cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Patient with unusual Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (progeria).

A patient with unusual Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome (progeria) is reported. This 7-year-old boy had all the characteristics of progeria, except for coxa valga and the "horse-riding" stance. A previous cerebral infarction was detected in the right putamen on cranial magnetic resonance imaging. During treadmill exercise test electrocardiography, ST depression suggested the existence of arteriosclerotic lesions. Skin fibroblast culture exhibited 76% DNA-repair capacity compared to normal. He has not manifested endocrinologic abnormalities. From these findings it is concluded that this patient has an incomplete case of Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome and that a correlation may exist between the clinical features and the degree of DNA-repair capacity.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1994

Localization of the complement regulatory proteins in the normal human kidney.

The kidney is an organ where complement-mediated tissue injuries take place by various stimuli. To assess how the kidney is protected from the autologous complement attack, comparative localization of decay accelerating factor (DAF), membrane cofactor protein (MCP) and 20 kDa homologous restriction factor (HRF20) was studied in the normal human kidney. Specific monoclonal antibodies to DAF, MCP and HRF20 were used for the study. Studies by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy showed that the distribution of each protein in the kidney was complementary to each other in most parts. MCP and HRF20 were clearly seen in the glomerular capillaries, while DAF was only faintly observed. Juxtaglomerular apparatus was abundant in DAF and MCP but not in HRF20. HRF20 was most strongly expressed in the peritubular capillaries where MCP was not detectable. Basolateral membranes of the proximal tubules and collecting ducts expressed MCP strongly, while there was no expression of DAF in the proximal tubules. Interestingly, both DAF and MCP, which inhibit complement activation at C3/C4 level, were not expressed in the apical portion of the tubular cells including proximal tubule brush border. In contrast, HRF20 was expressed on the apical part of the tubules. Medullary interstitium strongly expressed MCP but not DAF. Based on these observations, we conclude that each segment of the kidney is protected from the complement attack by the different combination of complement regulatory proteins. We speculate that the tubular cells might be fragile when complements are activated inside the tubular lumen, because there is no expression of complement regulatory proteins which inhibit C3 convertase.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1994

Role of CD59 in experimental glomerulonephritis in rats.

CD59 is a molecule which is present on the host cell membranes and inhibits formation of membrane attack complex. A monoclonal antibody, 6D1, recognizes a rat analogue of human CD59. 6D1 inhibits function of rat CD59 and can enhance complement-mediated hemolysis in vitro. To assess the role of CD59 in complement-mediated glomerular injury, 6D1 was tested in a model of experimental glomerulonephritis induced by a lectin and its antibodies. The left kidney of a rat was perfused either with 200 micrograms of Lens culinaris hemagglutinin (LCH) plus 1 mg of 6D1 (IgG1 fraction) (Group I and III) or with LCH only (Group II) through a cannula placed in the left renal artery. All the perfusate was discarded from a cannula in the renal vein. The holes in the artery and vein were repaired by microsurgery and the blood circulation was re-established. Rats were injected either with 0.125 ml of rabbit anti-LCH serum (Group I and II), or with normal rabbit serum (Group III) via tail vein one minute after the recirculation. Fifteen minutes after injection, significant C9 deposition in the glomeruli was observed only in Group I, whereas C3 deposition in Group I and II were comparable. At Day 4, total glomerular cells, proliferating cells, glomerular expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and fibrin deposition in Group I were all significantly increased when compared with Group II. At Day 7, number of total glomerular cells and leukocytes in the glomeruli of Group I were significantly higher than in Group II. The glomeruli in Group III appeared normal throughout experiments. These data indicate that the functional inhibition of a rat analogue of human CD59 worsens complement-mediated glomerular injury in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Germ line mutations of the ret proto-oncogene in Japanese patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A and type 2B.

We investigated mutations of the ret proto-oncogene in Japanese patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and type 2B. DNAs from pheochromocytomas and/or medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) of five MEN 2A and three MEN 2B patients were amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed. Tumors of four MEN 2A patients had missense mutations in Cys 634 in the extracellular domain of the ret proto-oncogene. The same mutations were detected in normal tissues of the patients, indicating that the mutations had arisen in the germ line. Using a reverse transcriptase(RT)-PCR, both normal and mutant transcripts of the ret proto-oncogene were detected in a tumor of one patient with MEN 2A mutation. In addition, three MEN 2B patients examined had the same point mutation (ATG-->ACG) at codon 918 in the tyrosine kinase domain of the ret proto-oncogene. Since all mutations identified in this study generated new restriction enzyme sites or eliminated a restriction site, the mutant alleles of affected family members could be readily detected without sequencing.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Renal lesions of the FGS strain of mice: a spontaneous animal model of progressive glomerulosclerosis.

The strain of FGS/Nga mouse is reported to develop proteinuria and progressive glomerulosclerosis. We studied the renal pathology of that strain periodically for 1 year. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis was observed 3 months after birth and the lesion progressed to the glomerular obsolescence in a year. Electron microscopic study revealed electron dense deposits (DD) in the mesangium and the splitting of glomerular basement membrane. Studies using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that these DD were contained IgA, IgM, C3 and the retroviral envelope antigen (gp70). Clinically, proteinuria began at the age of 3 months and the renal function was decreased on time course. No other organs were involved. We studied the renal lesions of FGS mice by the histological and immunohistochemical methods and concluded that this mouse strain provides the tool for studying the mechanisms of the progression of glomerulosclerosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Assignment of six patients with xeroderma pigmentosum in Hokkaido area to a variant form.

Six Japanese patients in Hokkaido area were diagnosed as xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) at two University Hospital; one patient, a 29 years old female (XP2AS) at Asahikawa Medical College, and five patients, namely, a 53 years old male (XP1SA), a 45 years old female (XP2SA), a 46 years old female (XP3SA), a 47 years old male (XP4SA) and a 34 years old male (XP5SA) at Hokkaido University School of Medicine. All these XP patients showed mild skin symptoms and had no apparent neurological abnormalities. To identify genetic complementation groups of these patients, DNA repair capacities in skin fibroblasts derived from the patients were analyzed by ultraviolet light (UV)-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS), and also by colony-forming abilities of UV-irradiated cells incubated with or without caffeine added in post-UV culture medium. The levels of UDS measured by autoradiography in these XP cells irradiated with 20 J/m2 of UV were 67 to 84% of those of normal human fibroblasts. Although one XP cell strain (XP2AS) showed about 2-fold greater sensitivity to killing by UV than normal cells, UV sensitivities of the rest of 5 XP strains were similar or only slightly higher than those of normal cells. However, UV sensitivities of all the 6 XP cell strains markedly increased by addition of 1 mM caffeine in the post-UV incubation medium, a phenomenon characteristic of XP variant cells. We also analyzed post-replication repair in XP1SA cells by sedimentation of newly-synthesized DNA in alkaline sucrose gradient, and found that this strain is defective in this repair system. From these results, we concluded that all the 6 XP strains studied here belong to XP variants.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Differences in susceptibility to peripheral infection with Japanese encephalitis virus among inbred strains of mouse].

We compared susceptibility of inbred mouse strains against intracerebral as well as peripheral challenge of a flavivirus, Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus, and the results were summarized as follows: (1) Seven inbred mouse strains (C3H/He, C57BL/6, BALB/c, AKR/N, NC, NZB, DBA/2) could be classified into following 3 groups by their mortality and infection rate when they were subcutaneously challenged with a wild JE virus strain isolated from field-caught mosquitoes at a single passage in mouse (B18AM, B-1): (1) high mortality and high infection rate (C3H/He, C57BL/6, AKR/N), (2) low mortality but high infection rate (BALB/c, NC, NZB), and (3) low mortality and low infection rate (DBA/2). The DBA/2 strain showed lowest mortality and infection rate with statistically significant difference with other strains. (2) Three inbred mouse strains (C3H/He, C57BL/6, BALB/c) were peripherally challenged with following 6 different wild strains of JE virus: mosquito origin after a single passage in mouse (B-1); mosquito origin after 30 passages in mice by subcutaneous inoculations (BP-30), mosquito origin after 30 passages in mice by intracerebral inoculations (BB-30); human origin after a single passage in mouse (JaNH180,J-1); human origin after 30 passages in mice by subcutaneous inoculations (JP-30); human origin after 30 passages in mice by intracerebral inoculations (JB-30). Survival of these inbred mice showed curves, with statistical difference among mouse strains. Anti-JE ELISA antibody titers in survived mice were lowest in BALB/c among 3 inbred mouse strains for all JE virus strains used to the challenge experiment. The result indicated that BALB/c would be a suitable host to study inapparent JE virus infection which is frequent among humans exposed to JE virus. (3) Male mice showed higher mortality than females when 4 weeks old mice were peripherally challenged by JE virus, and the difference was statistically significant. The results as a whole indicated that the susceptibility of mice to JE virus is under the control of genetic factors.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1994

Effects of long-term enalapril treatment on persistent micro-albuminuria in well-controlled hypertensive and normotensive NIDDM patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether long-term treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor has a beneficial effect on the urinary microalbumin excretion and renal function in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, enalapril (5 mg/day) was administered for 48 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: -Fifty-two patients with NIDDM who had persistent microalbuminuria in the range of 20-300 mg/24 h, serum creatinine < 106.1 microM (1.2 mg/dl), supine systolic blood pressure (BP) < 150 mmHg, supine diastolic BP < 90 mmHg, and HbA1c < 10% were divided into four groups. Twenty-six patients with normotension were divided at random into two groups; one group received enalapril (5 mg/day) (NE group), the other did not receive enalapril (NC group). In the same way, 26 other patients who were already well-controlled with nifedipine (30 mg/day) over a long-term period (4-6 years) were divided at random into two groups; one received enalapril (5 mg/day) (HE group), the other did not receive enalapril (HC group). RESULTS: After 48 months, urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was markedly reduced in group NE from 102.4 x/divided by 1.3 to 55.5 x/divided by 1.3 mg/24 h (P < 0.005), whereas no significant change occurred in group NC. In the well-controlled hypertensive groups, a significant reduction in UAE occurred in group HE (P < 0.05), whereas no significant change occurred in group HC. No changes in creatinine clearance, BP, or blood glucose control were seen during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with enalapril for 48 months may have a beneficial effect on the decline of microalbumin excretion in NIDDM patients.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗

PubMed1994

A DNA-flow cytometric analysis of trichilemmal carcinoma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst and trichilemmal cyst.

DNA-flow cytometric analyses were performed on paraffin-embedded sections of trichilemmal carcinoma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst, and trichilemmal cyst. Nine out of 10 cases of trichilemmal carcinoma and 2 out of 5 cases of proliferating trichilemmal cyst showed aneuploidy. No aneuploidy was detected in 6 cases of benign trichilemmal cyst. The proliferating index (percentage of cells that exceeded the diploid peak (G0/G1) plus 4 standard deviations) of trichilemmal carcinoma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst, and trichilemmal cysts was 43.5 +/- 3.8%, 32.5 +/- 7.5%, and 23.1 +/- 2.0%, respectively. In one out of the 6 cases of trichilemmal carcinoma that were large enough for us to investigate regional differences, DNA ploidy heterogeneity was detected. The incidence of aneuploidy of trichilemmal carcinoma was significantly higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma (14%), previously described by us using the same method.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

The target antigen of anti-tubular basement membrane antibody-mediated interstitial nephritis.

Our previous studies showed that 54 kD and 48 kD tubular basement membrane (TBM) proteins were the major form of the target antigen involved in anti-TBM antibody-mediated tubulo-interstitial nephritis in humans. In those studies, we isolated the 54 kD glycoprotein (named gp54) from collagenase-digested bovine TBM. NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing indicated that gp54 represented a newly defined glycoprotein. In this study, we further characterized the target antigen, using mouse monoclonal antibodies to gp54 and polyclonal anti-gp54 peptide antibody. Two monoclonal antibodies (H79 and H80) were established, and they reacted, by immunofluorescence, predominantly with the proximal TBM of humans, rabbits, and Wistar, Sprague-Dawley, and Brown-Norway rats, but not with that of Lewis rats. They were also fixed by blotting intensely to the 54 kD component and weakly to the 48 kD component of collagenase-digested human TBM. In vivo transfer of H79 to Wistar rats showed extensive linear binding of mouse IgG to the TBM and the basal membrane of the small intestine; however, no pathologic changes were seen by light microscopy. The anti-gp54 peptide antibody reacted with both the 54 kD and 48 kD TBM components of human TBM. mRNA was prepared from rabbit kidneys, and fractionated to enrich mRNA encoding the 54 kD and 48 kD peptides. On in vitro translation experiments with the mRNA fraction, the 54 kD and 48 kD peptides were immunoprecipitated with anti-gp54 antibodies. These findings indicate that the 54 kD and 48 kD components are encoded with different mRNA, but that they share the same antigenic epitope.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Tissue distribution of complement regulatory membrane proteins in rats.

Complement regulatory membrane proteins act either on C3/C5 convertase enzymes of the classical and alternative pathways or prevent the formation of membrane attack complexes (MAC). 5I2 is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against a rat erythrocyte membrane inhibitor of the C3 convertase step which seems to be the rat counterpart of mouse Crry/p65. 6D1 is a mAb against rat CD59 which inhibits formation of MAC. Tissue distribution of these membrane inhibitors was visualized by immunohistochemical staining with the appropriate mAb. Rat CD59 (6D1 antigen) and 5I2 antigen were both widely distributed, being predominantly expressed on endothelial cells of the arteries, veins and capillaries as well as on all circulating cells. 6D1 antigen and 5I2 antigen were also detected on immature hepatocytes, systemic endothelial cells, skin fibroblasts, bronchial epithelial cells and bile canaliculi. Both were also expressed in the Schwann sheath of peripheral nerve fibres and ependymal cells. However, glial cells and myelin sheath in the central nervous system were not stained. Anti-CD59 (6D1) staining of epithelial and endothelial cells was observed in the cornea, while 5I2 stained only the epithelial cell layer.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

A case of renal sarcoidosis showing central necrosis and abnormal expression of angiotensin converting enzyme in the granuloma.

We describe a 66-year-old man who developed renal failure related to granulomatous renal sarcoidosis without systemic manifestations. Renal failure was severe enough to require hemodialysis transiently. Renal biopsy of this patient revealed the central necrosis of the granuloma which is usually absent in sarcoid granuloma. Serum level of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was not helpful for diagnosis in this patient because serum ACE level is often elevated in the condition of chronic renal failure. Immunohistochemical detection of ACE was of diagnostic value in this patient. Subsequent course in which glucocorticoid was used for therapy was consistent with the diagnosis. This is the first report of identification of ACE in renal sarcoid granuloma.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Practical application of receiver operating characteristic curve on laboratory diagnosis].

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve represents characteristics specific to an examination (diagnostic sensitivity and specificity) and is useful for evaluation and comparison of the diagnostic accuracy. However, the ROC curve is not widely used at present. In this symposium, we showed how to draw this curve and its practical utilization, using as examples the diagnosis of the diabetic and impaired glucose tolerance group and the diagnosis of deep-seated fungal infection and acute myocardial infarction. In the ROC curve, true positive is plotted on the vertical axis and false positive on the horizontal axis. This curve is readily drown and visually shows the diagnostic accuracy that can not be clarified by histograms. The advantages of this curve are as follows. 1. Diagnostic accuracy can be compared. 2. The significance of the reference interval in diagnosis can be evaluated. 3. The diagnostic cut-off value can be determined using this curve. 4. Combined with prevalence, the diagnostic probability can be represented quantitatively. The points that require attention are differences in the ROC curve according to selection of subjects (including controls), the time factor (disease stage) and severity (disease condition). By paying attention to these points, the ROC curve can be used as a simple and useful method in laboratory diagnosis. We hope that this curve will be widely used.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗

PubMed1994

Small bowel tumors: an analysis of tumor-like lesions, benign and malignant neoplasms.

The clinical records of 72 patients with 73 small bowel tumors diagnosed over a period of 25 years were reviewed. The tumors consisted of 23 tumor-like lesions, 17 benign neoplasms and 33 malignant neoplasms, the mean size of which were 2.1 cm, 5.2 cm and 7.7 cm in diameter, respectively. The tumor-like lesions and benign neoplasms were found even in children, while the malignant neoplasms were observed in patients 43 years old or over. The most common tumor-like lesion was aberrant pancreatic tissue. The common benign neoplasms were leiomyoma, lipoma and adenoma. The malignant neoplasms consisted of adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma. Regardless of tumor type or tumor location, the lesions 4 cm or larger often caused abdominal symptoms. Most of the lesions less than 4 cm caused no symptoms, but the malignant lesions of this size in the ileum elicited abdominal symptoms in all patients. The presence of lesions was diagnosed preoperatively in 26.1% of patients with tumor-like lesions, 47.1% with benign neoplasms and 48.5% with malignant neoplasms. Resection was performed in all but one patient with tumor-like lesions and benign neoplasms. Among malignant lesions, the resectability rate was 80.0% for adenocarcinoma and 100% for both malignant lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma. However, the patients with malignant lesions showed a poor prognosis. In conclusion, it is important to recognize small bowel tumors--especially malignant lesions--as a rare but possible cause of abdominal symptoms and thereby to contribute to the early detection and successful management of small bowel tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

[Evaluation of hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastases in resected cases of bronchogenic carcinoma].

To establish a reasonable regional lymph node dissection as curative operation for lung cancer, hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastases were analyzed. From 1982 to December, 1990, 404 patients underwent pulmonary resection with complete mediastinal node dissection. There were 194 adenocarcinomas, 175 squamous cell carcinomas, 14 large cell carcinomas, 13 small cell carcinomas and 8 others. The rates of hilar (N1) and mediastinal lymph node (N2) metastasis were 12.4% and 28.9% in adenocarcinoma, 12.6% and 30.3% in squamous cell carcinoma, 14.2% and 28.6% in large cell carcinoma and 15.4% and 30.8% in small cell carcinoma. In cases with adenocarcinoma, there was a close relationship between mediastinal metastasis and grade. No lymph node metastasis was seen in cases with tumor less than one cm in diameter. However, mediastinal node metastasis was found in cases with one cm or more in diameter of primary lesion and rates of metastasis were increased in proportion to tumor size. Because considerable metastases are found in the mediastinal lymph nodes and exact diagnosis of node metastasis before and during operation is difficult, complete mediastinal node dissection is still standard as curative resection for resectable lung cancer except lesion less than one cm in diameter or early hilar type squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗