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Biomedical subjects

S Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to S Matsuda.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Analysis of geographical differences in the seasonal variation of mean birth weight in Japan (1974-1983)].

Geographical differences in the seasonal variation in mean birth weight (MBW) were examined by a traditional time series analysis based on the birth data of 47 different prefectures in Japan for the period from January 1974 to December 1983. The general pattern on the seasonality in MBW has two peaks in spring and autumn, and two troughs in summer and winter. There is a general trend in the seasonality with the autumn-peak-dominant pattern observed in the northern part of Japan (Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kita-Kanto) giving way to the spring-peak-dominant pattern in the southwest. Another interesting finding is that there is high statistical significance as a general tendency, in the seasonality among immensely populated prefectures such as Tokyo, Kanagawa, Aichi, Osaka, and Fukuoka, while in the case of scarcely populated rural prefectures, the time series fluctuates almost randomly. Some socio-cultural and biometerological hypotheses were evaluated to explain these results.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1993

Localization of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-like immunoreactivity in neural circuits innervating the gastrocnemius muscle, with reference to the direction of bFGF transport.

An antiserum against basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), characterized by immunoblot, was firstly used to immunolocalize bFGF-like materials in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, spinal motoneurons and their processes innervating the gastrocnemius muscle, and then secondly to determine the direction of bFGF transport in the processes by nerve ligation or nerve section experiments. Light and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry revealed that significant numbers of DRG neurons (mainly of the large type), spinal motoneurons and their processes supplying the muscle are immunoreactive for bFGF, and that the bFGF neurons have diffuse immunoreaction deposits over the entire cytoplasmic areas except for the Golgi complex, mitochondria and microfilaments. Nerve terminals and glial processes with bFGF were rarely seen in contact with or in close apposition to the immunopositive neurons. At sixteen hours, 3 days and 7 days after unilateral ligation or transection of the sciatic nerve, bFGF fibers accumulated in a time-dependent way in the proximal but not in the distal stump; nerve transection caused a more intense accumulation of bFGF-immunoreactive fibers than did nerve ligation. These findings suggest that bFGF in large DRG neurons and motoneurons is transported anterogradely into the peripheral tissue, possibly without being incorporated into secretory granules or synaptic vesicles. They raise the possibility that bFGF within the transected nerve fibers is more actively conveyed during regeneration than in the ligated nerve fibers.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of basic FGF in neuroglias and neurons of the trigeminal mesencephalic and motor nuclei.

Discrepancies between previous light microscopic studies on the localization of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in neuroglias and neurons of the normal rat brain prompted us to investigate, by electron microscopy, the subcellular localization of bFGF-like immunoreactivity in neuroglias and neurons of the trigeminal motor and mesencephalic nuclei. Immunostaining intensity differed from astrocyte to astrocyte; in astrocytes labeled heavily with bFGF antiserum, the precise subcellular location of immunoreaction deposits was difficult to determine, whereas mildly labeled astrocytes contained reaction products in subcellular regions apart from gliofilaments, mitochondria and Golgi apparatus. A comparison of immunostained sections with negative control ones at the light and electron microscopic levels revealed that astrocyte nuclei occasionally showed bFGF immunoreactivity. Immunoreactive astrocyte processes were also found in close apposition to blood vessels. bFGF was detected mainly in intracellular structures close to free ribosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum of immunoreactive oligodendrocytes and neurons; microglias rarely showed immunostaining. The nuclei of the cells with bFGF contained immunoreaction deposits of varying intensity, mainly in the euchromatin and rarely in the heterochromatin. Occasionally, bFGF of neuroglial origin accumulated in the vicinity of the interface between neurons and neuroglias. The extracellular matrix was not immunoreactive in any of the areas examined. These findings suggest that certain populations of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes as well as neurons in the normal brain contain bFGF-like substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Light- and electron-microscopic localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in adult rat retina.

An antiserum against basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was characterized by immunoblot and used to localize bFGF-immunoreactivity in the adult rat retina. Crude homogenate of the retina, when examined with immunoblotting, exhibited a main band with the same molecular weight (18kDa) as bFGF. Light microscopic immunohistochemistry demonstrated intense bFGF staining in the photoreceptor outer segments and the outer plexiform layer, and weak immunostaining in some cells of the outer nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. The most intense bFGF-immunoreactivity was noted in glial (Müller) cells with vertically oriented thin processes. There were also immunoreactive pigment epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells in the choroid. Under electron microscopy, the outer plexiform layer was found to contain immunoreactive products exclusively in the axon terminals of photoreceptor cells which formed synapses with bipolar cell processes. The more widespread and uneven localization of bFGF-immunoreactivity in the mature rat retina than previously demonstrated suggests that endogenous bFGF is involved in complex physiological events other than retinal regeneration and histogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effective methyl prednisolone pulse therapy for a patient with retinoic acid syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia].

A 46-year-old woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy according to the AML-92, M3 regimen of the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group (JALSG). Between days 7 and 18 of therapy, she suffered chest discomfort, fever, cough, dyspnea and general fatigue. A chest roentogenogram showed bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Her leukocyte count began to increase rapidly to 6,400/microliters on day 14. Marked hypoxia (PO2 35.9 mmHg) suggested occurrence of retinoic acid (RA) syndrome. She underwent endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation with administration of methyl-prednisolone (m-PSL) pulse therapy. Her symptoms promptly abated. Therapy with ATRA was continued and her leukocyte count reached 44,800/microliters on day 19 of therapy. She achieved complete remission on day 48.

Dyspnea↗
PubMed1993

IgE antibody responses induced by transplantation of the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats: a possible role of nematode excretory-secretory product in IgE production.

In order to examine the effective site of sensitization for IgE responses, we transplanted 2000 adult-stage worms of the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis into the duodenum or the peritoneal cavity of naive rats. Total serum IgE began to increase 1 week after the nematode inoculations and reached a peak at week 2. Living worms inoculated into the duodenum induced the highest serum IgE, this being 800 times the level in control animals. Intraperitoneal inoculations of living and dead worms resulted in increases of the serum IgE levels to 120 and 13 times the control level, respectively. The intraduodenal inoculation of living adult worms also induced a significant increase in specific IgE against the excretory-secretory (ES) product of adult N. brasiliensis 1 week later than the rise in total IgE, whereas intraperitoneal inoculations did not induce such an increase. These results suggest that sensitization through the intestinal mucosa with adult N. brasiliensis might be important for the effective induction of both specific and non-specific IgE responses. Since these findings also indicated that factors secreted by living worms play an important role in the induction of total IgE response, the ES product was injected to naive rats for 6 consecutive days (total 2.7-4.4 mg). Intraperitoneal injection of the ES product alone induced a 14.7-fold increase in total IgE without any specific IgE response. This indicates that some constituents of the ES product have the potential to trigger a non-specific IgE response.

Allergens↗
PubMed1993

Seasonality of mean birth weight and mean gestational period in Japan.

Seasonal variations of mean birth weight from January 1974 to December 1983 and of mean gestational period from January 1979 to December 1983 in Japan are analyzed by time-series analysis. This analysis decomposes the variation in a series into trend, seasonal variation, other cyclic changes, and a remaining irregular fluctuation. The results of the present analysis support the existence of a seasonal rhythm of mean birth weight and mean gestational period in Japan with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Seasonal patterns of mean birth weight show two peaks in May and October-November and two troughs in June-September and December. Mean gestational periods shows two peaks in October and February-March and a deep trough in winter and a much smaller one in June-September. Two time series demonstrated a coincidence in monthly variations with statistical significance. These results indicate that a part of seasonality in birth weight could be explained by the seasonal variations in mean gestational period.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of flomoxef in the perinatal period].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on flomoxef (FMOX) in the perinatal period were carried out and following results were obtained 1. The pharmacokinetic parameter T1/2's of FMOX in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid in mothers after single intravenous injection of 1 g (n = 46) and 2 g (n = 34) were 1.11, 9.24, 9.24 hours and 2.54, 12.49, 12.49 hours, respectively. Cmax's and Tmax's of umbilical cord serum and amniotic fluid were 12.71, 11.77 micrograms/ml and 0.57, 3.35 hours upon single dose of 1 g i.v., and 35.17, 12.37 micrograms/ml and 0.32, 3.42 hours upon single dose of 2 g i.v., respectively. 2. Clinical usefulness were evaluated in 93 cases including were various infections in pregnancy and puerperal period. In pregnancy cases, clinical efficacy rate was 95.5% (21/22), and 100% in puerperal period. Bacteriological response rate was 84.6% (eradicated: 29, decreased: 4, unchanged: 2, replaced: 4 and unknown: 8 cases). No severe side effects nor clinical laboratory test results were observed in any cases. From above basic and clinical results, we conclude that FMOX is a useful and safe agent for various infections in pregnancy and puerperal period.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Experimental and clinical studies of temafloxacin in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Temafloxacin (TMFX, TA-167) is a new quinolone antimicrobial agent that has a broad antibacterial spectrum against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. We obtained the following results from laboratory and clinical studies on TMFX. 1. TMFX showed good penetration into the female genital organs and Cmax's in various organs were 2.77-4.24 micrograms/g when 300 mg was administered, and these values were equal to or higher than Cmax in vein blood. 2. The clinical efficacy rate was 95.4% in a clinical study involving 219 cases. The bacterial eradication rate was 96.4% in 139 cases. 3. Nine cases of side effects and 1 case of abnormal change in laboratory findings were noted in 254 cases involved, but none of them was serious. Based on these findings, TMFX is expected to be a useful antimicrobial agent for the treatment of obstetric and gynecological infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Small angle X-ray scattering study of S100 proteins.

Small-angle X-ray scattering of both S100b and a mixture of S100a and S100ao (S100a,ao) was measured over a protein concentration range of 1.5 to 10.0 mg/ml. The addition of trifluoroperazine (TFP) to S100 solutions suppressed higher aggregation under the conditions studied. In the presence of TFP (1 mol TFP/mol of protein dimer), the radius of gyration of S100b and S100a,ao is found to be 19.5 +/- 0.3A and 20.2 +/- 0.3A, respectively, indicating that most S100 proteins may exist as dimers under the conditions studied. The observed difference (0.7 +/- 0.3A) in the radius of gyration between S100b and S100a,ao indicates that these dimers have different, asymmetrical shapes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Preventive effect and duration of action of disodium cromoglycate and procaterol on exercise-induced asthma in asthmatic children.

We evaluated the preventive effect and duration of action of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and procaterol nebulizer solutions on exercise-induced asthma (EIA) in 14 asthmatic patients. Disodium cromoglycate solution prevented EIA one hour after inhalation in 11 out of 14 (78.6%), and in some patients after four (36.5%) and eight hours (15.4%). The preventive effect and duration of action of DSCG depended on the severity of EIA in each subject. Procaterol solution had a greater effect than DSCG at any time point in the study. With both drugs, however, the effect decreased four and eight hours after inhaling and was related to the severity of the EIA.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

[Eosinophil kinetics].

The in vivo kinetics of autologous 111In-oxine labeled eosinophils were studied in 3 patients with reactive eosinophilia. Organ distribution and life span of 111In-oxine labeled eosinophils were evaluated. The disappearance curve of the labeled eosinophils showed two exponential components in all cases. Between these two factors, there was a slightly increase of radioactivity, suggesting the presence of recirculation. Radioactivity in the spleen, the liver and the bone marrow were observed 5 minutes after the infusion, suggesting the presence of marginal pool in these organs. Radioactivity in the spleen was increased rapidly during 1 and 24 hours after the infusion. Sequestration and/or destruction of increased eosinophils may exist in the splenic pool. The granulocyte turnover rate in eosinophilia was less than in CML or chronic neutrophilia. The results indicate that the migration of eosinophils is less active than that of neutrophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Sequential activation of MAP kinase activator, MAP kinases, and S6 peptide kinase in intact rat liver following insulin injection.

An insulin-stimulated phosphorylation cascade was examined in rat liver after insulin injection via a portal vein by the use of immune complex kinase assays specific to the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and S6 kinase II homologue (rsk) kinase. We have prepared an antibody against the peptide consisting of a carboxyl-terminal portion of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (alpha C92), one of the MAP kinases, and an antibody against the peptide consisting of the carboxyl terminus of the mouse S6 kinase II homologue (alpha rsk(m)C). In alpha C92 immune complex assay, maximal activation of rat liver MAP kinases (approximately 4.3-fold) were observed 4.5 min after insulin injection. We also observed an insulin-stimulated MAP kinase activity (approximately 3-fold) in liver extracts from insulin-treated rat in fractions eluted from phenyl-Sepharose with 30-50% ethylene glycol. Kinase assay in myelin basic protein (MBP)-containing gel after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by denaturation with 6 M guanidine HCl, and renaturation revealed that insulin injection stimulated the kinase activity of the 42- and 44-kDa proteins, which corresponded to the two distinct MAP kinases. In alpha rsk(m)C immune complex assay, maximal stimulation (approximately 5-fold) of the S6 peptide (Arg-Arg-Leu-Ser-Ser-Leu-Arg-Ala) kinase activity was observed 7.5 min after insulin injection. In addition, MAP kinases purified from insulin-treated rat liver were able to activate S6 peptide kinase activity in vitro in alpha rsk(m)C immunoprecipitates from untreated rat liver, accompanied by the appearance of several phosphorylated bands including a major band at 88 kDa. We also examined whether insulin injection stimulates the MAP kinase activator (Ahn, N. G., Seger, R., Bratlien, R. L., Diltz, C. D., Tonks, N. K., and Krebs, E. G. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 4220-4227) in rat liver. Using recombinant Xenopus MAP kinase, fractions of Q-Sepharose eluted early in the NaCl gradient were found to have MAP kinase activator activity accompanied by the phosphorylation of 42-kDa recombinant Xenopus MAP kinase. From these data, we demonstrate three tiers of a cascade composed of the MAP kinase activator, MAP kinases, and an S6 peptide kinase activity in rat liver under physiological conditions in the intact animal.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Basic fibroblast growth factor-like immunoreactivity in the trigeminal proprioceptive and motor systems.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) isolated from the brain and pituitary, has been shown to induce cell divisions in a variety of cell types. It also acts as a potent stimulator of angiogenesis, and it is important in the survival of several types of cultured neurons. Despite considerable information on the functions of bFGF, there is incomplete knowledge about the ways in which it reaches remote tissues and its subcellular localization in the adult brain. Here we report our findings that a certain population of neurons with free ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum immunoreactive for bFGF in the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve sends proprioceptive fibers to muscle spindles in the masseter muscle, and immunoreactive axons to the trigeminal motor nucleus to form synapses with the bFGF-containing motoneurons whose axons further constitute myoneural junctions in the periphery. Moreover, some bFGF neurons contain electron dense immunoreaction deposits in the euchromatin but not in the heterochromatin of the nucleus. These findings suggest that endogenous bFGF is transported within nerve processes and functions in mature neuronal circuits subserving the masseteric reflex arcs, and that bFGF is produced in free ribosomes and/or rough endoplasmic reticulum and is transported into the genetically active euchromatin as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Fine structure of nerve processes containing basic fibroblast growth factor in muscle spindles of the rat masseter muscle.

An antiserum against basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was characterized by immunoblot analysis and used to investigate the fine structure of bFGF-containing processes in muscle spindles of the rat masseter muscle. The bFGF antiserum recognized purified bFGF and bFGF-like materials with the same molecular weight as bFGF in crude homogenate of the brainstem from which bFGF fibers in the masseter muscle spindles presumably originate. Immunoelectron micrographs demonstrated that both proprioceptive and motor nerve endings in contact with intrafusal fibers contain bFGF. These findings suggest that bFGF of central (possibly trigeminal mesencephalic and motor nucleus) origin is transported into the muscle spindles subserving mechanoreception.

Animals↗