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Biomedical subjects

S Matsubara

Publications and source records attributed to S Matsubara.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Endotoxemia after abdominal surgery.

The blood level of endotoxin after operations in patients with digestive diseases, mainly liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice, and the complications most likely related to the presence of endotoxemia were investigated. Twenty-seven patients without either liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice showed a minimal elevation of the endotoxin level in blood, as shown by 6.1 +/- 3.9 (mean +/- S.E.) pg/ml at the first postoperative day and there was only one anastomotic leakage. On the other hand, 18 patients with liver cirrhosis showed a notable and persistent endotoxemia after surgery. The cirrhotic patients who especially underwent splenectomy and hepatectomy showed marked elevations of endotoxin level at the first postoperative day, with values of 151.0 +/- 46.1 pg/ml and 101.3 +/- 36.2 pg/ml, respectively, and one of these patients died of hepatic failure. Thirteen patients with obstructive jaundice developed endotoxemia evidenced by the value of 21.6 +/- 4.8 pg/ml at the first day after surgery. Among these patients, two had gastrointestinal bleeding and one developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The markedly high and persistent levels of endotoxin in patients with liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice may be possibly related with the development of multiple organ failure (MOF).

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1986

Blood purification of bilirubin and bile acids by plasma exchange for patients with liver failure.

To evaluate the efficacy of blood purification by plasma exchange in patients with liver failure, blood levels of total bilirubin and total bile acids, known to be a part of protein-bound toxins, were measured before and after plasma exchange. With one plasma volume exchange the percent reduction was 39 for bilirubin and only 25 for bile acids. The declining of the reduction efficiency appeared to be well correlated with the prolongation of the treatment time for bilirubin and the augmentation of the initial concentration for bile acids. These data suggested that the equilibration between intra-and extra-vascular pool takes place slowly for bilirubin and comparatively rapidly for bile acids, though they are both mostly bound to albumin in the blood. In addition, the presence of protein-bound toxins like bile acids, predominantely accumulated in the tissue, may make it more difficult to support patients with liver failure by only blood purification therapy with plasma exchange.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Chromosome aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes induced by brachytherapy and external cobalt teletherapy.

In the present study, the induction efficiencies of chromosome aberrations were analyzed in patients receiving various modalities of interstitial radiotherapy with small radiation sources in the oral cavity area and compared with those in patients treated with external telecobalt irradiation in the thoracic region. Further, as a local nonstochastic effect, the acute mucosal reaction was investigated. The mucosal reaction in the area treated by brachytherapy reached a maximum at two to three weeks after the implantation. The frequencies of dicentrics plus rings of peripheral lymphocytes, on the other hand, revealed rapid increases and approached plateau levels as early as two days after the implantation. The whole-body effects, evaluated on the basis of the chromosome aberration frequencies of peripheral lymphocytes in the patients who underwent brachytherapy, were compared with the effects observed in those patients treated with external radiotherapy or bleomycin injection and discussed with regard to their effectiveness in control of the tumor and side effects. The radiation doses used in the patients who received brachytherapy or a single external irradiation were found to exert the same effects on the chromosome aberration induction. However, even in the case of brachytherapy in which whole-body side effects were believed to be trivial, the peripheral lymphocyte count was temporarily reduced to one half or less of the preirradiation level. An equivalent whole-body dose of 50 cGy was obtained from the frequencies of dicentrics and rings.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative structure-activity relationships in cytokinin agonistic and antagonistic pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives: insights into receptor topology.

2-(Methylthio)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines having various alkylamino and anilino substituents at the 4-position were prepared and tested for their cytokinin agonistic and antagonistic activities by the tobacco callus bioassay. The alkyl series of compounds showed anticytokinin activity, whereas the anilino derivatives exhibited both cytokinin and anticytokinin activities depending on the structure and position of the benzene substituents. Quantitative structure-activity analyses were carried out for each class and for the combined set of compounds with use of physicochemical parameters and regression analysis, indicating that the quality of activity, agonistic or antagonistic, as well as the extent of activity, is significantly affected by the steric features of the molecule. On the basis of the present results and previous quantitative analyses on cytokinins and other classes of anticytokinins, a dimensional map for the cytokinin receptor site can be drawn, which can serve as the basis for the design of novel agonists and antagonists.

Arabidopsis Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Effect of plasma exchange on acute pancreatitis.

Plasma exchange was performed in dogs with acute experimental pancreatitis to examine clearance of pancreatic enzymes. Plasma exchange of about 1.6 liters reduced levels of serum amylase, lipase, and phospholipase A2 in a graded fashion down to about 50%. Plasma exchange of 4 liters in a patient with severe pancreatitis produced similar clearance curves of amylase, lipase, trypsin and elastase levels.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Rapid cooling contracture in frog striated muscles treated with chlorpromazine and haloperidol.

Rapid cooling contracture (RCC) was observed in frog toe muscles pretreated with caffeine, chlorpromazine (CPZ), or haloperidol (HPD). During rapid cooling contracture in the presence of caffeine (caffeine-RCC) tension developed to more than 0.8 of the maximum tetanic tension (P0). CPZ inhibited twitch but induced rapid cooling contracture (CPZ-RCC) between 50 and 150 microM; the tension saturated at the level of 0.75 P0 at 100 microM. HPD also inhibited twitch and induced rapid cooling contracture (HPD-RCC) at concentrations greater than 25 microM; the maximum tension was 0.25 P0. In the presence of dantrolene (10 microM), the tension during CPZ-RCC was reduced by 40%. Procaine (0.25%) reduced the CPZ-RCC tension by as much as 60%. These results suggest that CPZ and HPD induced rapid cooling contracture by reducing Ca2+-accumulation in sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effects of diagnostic x-ray and contrast media on lymphocyte chromosomes.

On the present in vitro study with or without x-ray exposure, employing the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) analysis as well as the conventional chromosome investigation, we studied the effects of six contrast media, normally used in daily radiodiagnostic procedures, on the peripheral lymphocyte chromosomes. The conventional chromosome analysis demonstrated that the frequency of chromosome-type aberrations such as dicentric and ring chromosomes was not elevated solely by the addition of contrast media at cultivation. The diagnostic x-ray combined with the presence of each contrast medium demonstrated a slight increase in SCE frequency compared to that of the controls. However, we could not identify any specific medium among these contrast media that was conspicuously toxic or clastogenic to chromosomes.

Chromosome Aberrations↗