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Biomedical subjects

S Mashiach

Publications and source records attributed to S Mashiach.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Intra-amniotic injection of oxytetracycline hydrochloride for termination of mid-trimester pregnancy.

Seventy-eight women underwent induced mid-trimester abortion. Fifty-two women aborted after an intra-amniotic injection of 1 g oxytetracycline hydrochloride. The control group comprised 16 women who received an intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic saline and 9 women with prostaglandin F2 alpha. All but 2 women aborted after one injection. Thirty-five women of the oxytetracycline hydrochloride group received intravenous oxytocin after the appearance of uterine contractions, 17 did not. The mean injection abortion interval in the women who received intravenous oxytocin was 38.6 +/- 2.7 h, whereas in the group without oxytocin it was 31.3 +/- 2.3 h. There is no statistically significant difference between these two groups (p less than 0.2). The mean injection abortion interval in the hypertonic saline group was 18.4 +/- 2.2 h. In the F2 alpha group it was 13.2 +/- 1.3 h. There is no statistically significant difference between hypertonic saline and prostaglandins (p less than 0.2). The mean injection abortion interval is significantly shorter in the F2 alpha and hypertonic saline groups as compared to the oxytetracycline hydrochloride group (p less than 0.001). It is advisable therefore to use oxytetracycline hydrochloride only in cases when the use of F2 alpha or hypertonic saline is contraindicated.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1988

Iatrogenic mechanical ileus due to over-distended uterus.

The combination of an over-distended uterus caused by a multiple-fetus pregnancy with therapeutic bed-rest may cause mechanical ileus. Iatrogenic triggering of a pathological consequence of events is presented in purpose to highlight the simplicity of its prevention.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

In utero thyroxine therapy for the induction of fetal lung maturity: long term effects.

Intra-amniotic thyroxine has been used for the induction of fetal lung maturity. The long term effects of this therapy was evaluated in a group of eighteen preschool children, 5 to 6 years of age, whose mothers received intra-amniotic thyroxine during the last trimester of their gestation. Eleven children born during the same time period were selected as controls. The children were all clinically well with no evidence of growth or endocrine abnormalities. Neurological assessment was normal and psychomotor development was in the normal range for our population and did not differ from the control subjects. Intra-amniotic thyroxine administered during the last trimester of gestation did not appear to have any significant long term detrimental effects in the treated patients.

Amnion↗
PubMed1988

Internal podalic version with unruptured membranes for the second twin in transverse lie.

Internal podalic version of the second twin in transverse lie has usually been performed after first rupturing the membranes of the second amniotic sac. In a prospective study on internal podalic version with unruptured amniotic membranes, 11 second-born twins in transverse lie were successfully delivered, with good neonatal outcome and without birth injuries. From our experience, it appears that this modified technique, when used within the presented guidelines, offers a reasonable alternative for the safe delivery of the second twin.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1988

The influence of abnormal pregnancies on fluorescence polarization of amniotic fluid lipids.

The fluorescence polarization of amniotic fluid, a measure of fetal lung maturity, was determined in 518 amniotic fluid samples obtained by amniocentesis. The subjects were divided into seven clinical groups: premature contractions, premature rupture of the membranes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes, intrauterine growth retardation, vaginal bleeding, and "other" for gestational-age groups of 30 weeks or less, 31-36 weeks, and 37 or more weeks. The proportion of mature values (fluorescence polarization 0.285 or lower) increased progressively from 12.5% at 27-28 weeks to 100% at 39-40 weeks. In the 31-36-week gestation group, the proportion of mature values in subjects with premature rupture of the membranes (84.6%) was significantly higher than in those with premature contractions (60%), severe pregnancy-induced hypertension (50%), mild pregnancy-induced hypertension (55.2%), diabetes class A (50%), insulin-dependent diabetes (60%), and other (63.5%). The mean +/- SD fluorescence polarization value was significantly lower in premature rupture of the membranes (0.256 +/- 0.030) than in premature contractions (0.274 +/- 0.032), mild and severe pregnancy-induced hypertension (0.280 +/- 0.027 and 0.280 +/- 0.035, respectively), and class A and insulin-dependent diabetes (0.285 +/- 0.018 and 0.277 +/- 0.030, respectively). The severity of pregnancy-induced hypertension and diabetes did not appear to influence either the fluorescence polarization value or the proportion of mature results. With the exception of a marked influence of premature rupture of the membranes, abnormal pregnancy conditions did not appear to have a significant effect on fluorescence polarization of amniotic fluid.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1987

Randomized management of the second nonvertex twin: vaginal delivery or cesarean section.

Sixty twin deliveries after the thirty-fifth gestational week with vertex-breech and vertex-transverse presentations were managed according to a randomization protocol. Thirty-three parturient women (21 vertex-breech and 12 vertex-transverse presentations) were allocated for vaginal delivery and 27 for cesarean section (18 vertex-breech and nine vertex-transverse). Six pairs of twins in the vaginal delivery group were delivered in a different mode than requested by the protocol (two women underwent cesarean section; in four cases the second twin spontaneously changed to vertex presentation). There were no significant differences between 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores and incidence of neonatal morbidity between the second-born twins in both study groups. Firstborn twins had higher 1-minute Apgar scores than the second-born infants irrespective of route of delivery (p less than 0.05). No case of birth trauma or neonatal death was recorded. Maternal febrile morbidity was significantly higher in the cesarean section group than in the vaginal delivery group (40.7% versus 11.1%, p less than 0.05). These results suggest that in twins with vertex-breech or vertex-transverse presentations after the thirty-fifth week of gestational age the neonatal outcome of the second twin was not significantly influenced by the route of delivery.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1987

Fetal heart rate changes following external cephalic version under tocolysis near term.

Fifty eight gravidas near-term underwent external cephalic version using tocolytic treatment and continuous fetal monitoring by cardiotocograph and real-time ultrasound. No unfavorable maternal or fetal effects were recorded. Fetal heart rates showed a significant decline at 10 and 30 min after the procedure with complete recovery at 1 h after external version, but no pathologic tracing was recorded. No uniform heart rate patterns due to external cephalic version could be found.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMed1987

Breast stimulation test and oxytocin challenge test in fetal surveillance: a prospective randomized study.

Fifty healthy gravidas with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at a gestational age of 35 to 42 weeks were assigned at random for the performance of either a breast stimulation test or an oxytocin challenge test after a nonreactive nonstress test. A satisfactory contraction stress test was achieved in 21 of 25 women in the breast stimulation test group and in 24 of 25 women in the oxytocin challenge test group (nonsignificant difference). Significant differences were found in the cumulative rate of achieved contraction stress tests: in the breast stimulation test group 17 of 21 after 20 minutes and 21 of 21 at 50 minutes whereas in the oxytocin challenge test group only four of 24 at 20 minutes, eight of 24 at 50 minutes, and 21 of 24 at 150 minutes. The mean duration for the achievement of a contraction stress test was 20.9 +/- 11.5 minutes for the breast stimulation test group and 81.3 +/- 48.4 minutes in the oxytocin challenge test group. Uterine hyperstimulation occurred once in each group. No gravida went into labor within 24 hours. Breast stimulation test is a satisfactory alternative to the oxytocin challenge test, is less time-consuming, and is simpler to perform.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: prediction by number and size of preovulatory ovarian follicles.

Monitoring of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) treatment for induction of ovulation according to either preovulatory estrogen levels or the presence of a dominant ovarian follicle was found insufficient to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHS). In 65 infertile patients treated with hMG and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a possible correlation between the number and size of all ovarian follicles on the day of assumed ovulation and the occurrence of OHS was evaluated in order to assess the value of ultrasonography in predicting OHS. It was found that patients with OHS had significantly more follicles at the time of hCG than patients without OHS. Mild OHS was characterized by the presence of eight to nine follicles, 68.7% of which were of intermediate size (9 to 15 mm). In moderate to severe OHS 95% of the preovulatory follicles were less than 16 mm, most of them (54.7%) less than 9 mm in diameter. It can be concluded that a specific preovulatory follicular configuration characterizes mild and severe hyperstimulation. This is important information before hCG administration and emphasizes the value of ovarian ultrasonography in predicting OHS.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1987

Reproductive performance following conservative microsurgical management of tubal pregnancy.

Between 1981 and 1986, 58 women underwent conservative surgery for ectopic pregnancy; 30 had both tubes present, and 28 had the operation on their single tube. Twenty-five of the 30 women with both tubes present desired pregnancy; 17 (68%) conceived again, 14 (56%) had at least one intrauterine pregnancy and 3 (12%) had a repeat extrauterine pregnancy. Twenty-six of the women with a solitary tube desired pregnancy, 12 (46%) of them had at least one intrauterine pregnancy, and 10 (38.5%) had a repeat extrauterine pregnancy. It was concluded that the incidence of intrauterine pregnancy after conservative surgery in patients with both tubes present is not lower than after radical surgery, and that the incidence of extrauterine pregnancy is not higher. The intrauterine pregnancy rate in patients with a solitary tube is high and still higher than the best results available with in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Therefore conservative surgery is indicated in these patients despite the high incidence of repeat extrauterine pregnancy. Since most of the patients who conceived did so during the first year following the operation, we recommend that patients try to conceive immediately.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Changes in plasma norepinephrine in normal labor following isometric contraction.

Changes in norepinephrine following a bimanual handgrip contraction test were used to evaluate the contribution of static physical effort exerted by the parturient on the rise in adrenergic stimulation observed during ongoing labor. Noradrenaline baseline values were 306.71 +/- (SE) 21.5 pg/ml); and after a maximal effort handgrip contraction test rose to 345.07 +/- 29.11 pg/ml (p = 0.11). This increase was less pronounced than found generally in nonpregnant subjects under similar test conditions and suggests a protection of the maternal organism from excessive adrenergic output during labor.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Changing pituitary reactivity to follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone after induced ovulatory cycles and after anovulation in patients with polycystic ovarian disease.

Pituitary reactivity to GnRH, characteristic of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), has been attributed both to a primary ovarian cause and to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. If the heightened pituitary reactivity characteristic of PCOD patients is secondary to chronic anovulation, ovulatory cycles should produce changes in the LH to FSH ratio and reduce the augmented response to GnRH. In a randomized cross-over study of 10 women with PCOD, GnRH (100 micrograms) was injected iv on the fifth day of 2 consecutive cycles, 1 of them following anovulation and progesterone withdrawal bleeding and the other following an induced ovulatory cycle. Mean basal plasma 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and FSH levels were similar after ovulatory and anovulatory cycles. However, mean basal serum testosterone (P less than 0.05) and LH (P less than 0.01) levels were significantly lower, as were LH levels 30, 60, and 90 min (P less than 0.01) and FSH levels 60 and 90 min (P less than 0.05) after GnRH injection, after an ovulatory cycle than after an anovulatory cycle. The pituitary response to GnRH in those PCOD patients, therefore, was more normal after an ovulatory cycle than after an anovulatory cycle. We conclude that the heightened pituitary reactivity characteristic of PCOD patients is associated with chronic anovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of testicular torsion on contralateral testis and fertility in mature rats.

The effect of unilateral testicular torsion on the contralateral testis and the fertility rate was studied in Charles River adult rats. Animals were divided into groups that underwent a sham operation or torsion and ligation of the left testicular vessels followed by orchiectomy after 24 h, orchiectomy after 48 h, release of the ligature after 24 h, release of the ligature after 48 h, and no further treatment following ligation. Another group of animals underwent unilateral orchiectomy. After 8 weeks animals were allowed to mate and were sacrificed 2 weeks later. The results did not point to either histological alterations in the contralateral testis or impairment of fertility in any group of treatment compared with the control.

Animals↗