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Biomedical subjects

S Martelli

Publications and source records attributed to S Martelli.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Minimally invasive 3D data registration in computer and robot assisted total knee arthroplasty.

Computer and robot assisted surgery is concerned with the improvements achievable by using computer methods and robotic devices to plan and execute surgical interventions. The registration of different coordinate frames, often achieved through the matching of 3D data sets, represents a crucial step connecting planning and execution. Orthopaedic surgery already features a number of functioning applications which include registration routines relying on presurgically implanted fiducial markers. Replacing such invasive routine with non-fiducial registration procedures is regarded as a necessary step towards a minimisation of surgical invasiveness. A minimally invasive registration technique based on the iterative closest point algorithm is presented and conceived for a specific computer and robot assisted orthopaedic reconstructive intervention, namely total knee arthroplasty. The whole surgical protocol is examined in detail and the experimental results, relative to tests performed on synthetic and animal specimens, are thoroughly reported and discussed. The authors indicate that the proposed registration approach is well-suited for the relevant application and appropriate for in vivo testing.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1996

Structure-activity relationship for antineoplastic imidazoacridinones: synthesis and antileukemic activity in vivo.

Synthesis of several new 5-amino-substituted derivatives of 5-amino-6H-imidazo[4,5,1-de]-acridin-6-one bearing in the benzene ring OH, OCH3, CH3, tert-butyl, or OCH2O groups is described. 8-OH-substituted compounds or double-substituted 7-OH-10-OCH3 compounds demonstrated potent in vivo activity against murine P388 leukemia. The highest activity was exhibited by 5-[[2-[[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]-8-hydroxy-6H- imidazo[4,5,1-de]-acridin-6-one (4c).

Aminoacridines↗
PubMed1996

Pyrimido [4,5,6-kl] acridines, a new class of potential anticancer agents. Synthesis and biological evaluation.

A series of 3-(aminoalkyl)-2,7-dihydro-6-nitropyrimido [4,5,6-kl] acridin-2-ones 3, strictly related to the pyrazoloacridines 1, have been synthesized. Thus, the reaction of the suitable 1-(aminoalkyl)amino-9, 10-dihydro-9-imino-4-nitroacridine 2 with ethyl chloroformate afforded the pyrimidoacridines 3a-f. By hydrolysis in hydrobromic acid of the 10-methoxy derivatives 3d-f, the 10-hydroxy derivatives 3g-i were obtained. The pyrimidoacridines 3a-i were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against L1210 murine leukemia and HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines, showing significant potency of growth inhibition. Different DNA-binding assays as well as attempts to correlate cytotoxicity and DNA affinity have been carried out.

Acridines↗
PubMed1996

Synthesis and biological evaluation of mono- and bis-[(alkylamino)alkylamino] substituted thienopyridopyridazines, a new class of potential antitumor agents.

A new class of potential antitumor agents, provided with thieno[2',3':5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazin-9(4H)-one nucleus as chromophore, was synthesized. Thus, the suitable amines were reacted, in different conditions, with 5,8-dichlorothieno[2',3':5,6]pyrido[2,3- d]pyridazin-9(4H)-one (5) to afford the 8-alkylamino derivatives 6a-f, the 5-alkylamino derivatives 7a-f, and the 5,8-bis-alkylamino derivatives 8a,b. Selected compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic potency in vitro against the human colon adenocarcinoma HT 29 cell line and studied in DNA binding assays. The cytotoxic potency versus HT29 was also correlated with binding affinity for calf thymus DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Synthesis and biological activity of platinum group metal complexes of o-vanillin thiosemicarbazones.

o-Vanillin-(4-methylthiosemicarbazone), o-Vanillin-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazone) and some of their metal complexes of the platinum group have been synthesized, characterized by chemical and spectral methods and studied for their antibacterial, antifungal and amoebicidal activity in vitro. The platinum group metal chelates exibited significant activity against a wide spectrum of microorganisms at different concentrations. The Pt(II) and Ru(III) chelates derived from o-vanillin-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazone) seem to be the most efficient inhibitors. Evaluation of the antimalarial activity of the compounds in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei indicated that cures were attainable at dose levels of 40-160 mg/kg but with toxic death prevalence at higher dose levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Synthesis of (dialkylamino)alkyl-disubstituted pyrimido[5,6,1- de]acridines, a novel group of anticancer agents active on a multidrug resistant cell line.

A series of pyrimidoacridine derivatives with two basic side chains, 7a-e, was synthesized, as potential antitumor drugs, starting from 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-6-chloropyrimido[5,6,1-de]acridine-1,3, 7- trione (6) and a suitable (alkylamino)alkylamine. The products 6 and 7a-e showed significant cytotoxic activity in vitro against L1210 leukemia. Compounds 7a,d were 2 orders of magnitude more cytotoxic than ametantrone. All compounds were also examined for their activity on LoVo and resistant LoVo/Dx cell lines. Unlike ametantrone, the compounds have shown to be able to overcome the multidrug resistance. Compounds 7a,d, the two most active in vitro, were tested in vivo against murine P388 leukemia showing good activity.

Acridines↗
PubMed1995

Computer-assisted knee anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: first clinical tests.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a delicate task. The procedure of choice is the patellar tendon bone autograft, but an anisometric position of this tendon often leads to failure. We allows positioning of the central part of the ligament graft at the least anisometric sites. The system uses a workstation and a three-dimensional optical localizer to create images that represent knee kinematics. The surgeon uses these images to guide the surgery. This technique has been validated on eight cadavers and 12 patients.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1995

Synthesis and biological activity of novel metal complexes of 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones.

2-Acetylpyridine-(2-methylthiosemicarbazone), 2-acetylpyridine-(4-methylthiosemicarbazone), 2-acetylpyridine-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazone) and some of their metal complexes of the platinum group have been synthesized, characterized by chemical and spectral methods and studied for their antibacterial, antifungal and amoebicidal activity in vitro. They were studied also for their antimalarial activity and for toxicity in vivo. The platinum metal chelates exhibited significant activity against a wide spectrum of microorganisms at different concentrations. The Ru (III) chelates derived from 2-acetylpyridine-(4-methylthiosemicarbazone) seem to be the most efficient inhibitors. Evaluation of the antimalarial activity of the complexes in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei indicated that cures were attainable at dose levels of 20-160 mg/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Post-traumatic hemoperitoneum: role of laparoscopy].

The use of laparoscopic as a diagnostic instrument in blunt penetrating abdominal traumas was first proposed by some authors in the 70s. The introduction of sophisticated instrumental tests, such as CAT and echotomography (ETG), confined this method to narrow diagnostic field which was gradually less frequently used. The lively interest expressed by the surgical world and the enormous spread of laparoscopy after the end of the 80s, following the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, has prompted the renewed use of the laparoscopic technique also in those subjects with blunt abdominal trauma. Over the past 12 months the authors have used laparoscopy in 8 subjects with hemoperitoneum secondary to contusive abdominal trauma in hemodynamically stable conditions, in which instrumental test (CAT and ETG) and peritoneal lavage were positive for the presence of hematic effusion. The use of laparoscopy in 7 patients allowed a wait-and-see approach to be adopted, thus eliminating the need for explorative laparotomy. It was only necessary to proceed with laparotomy in one patient to control bleeding from a major splenic lesion.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1994

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery in Italy.

The Italian experience with Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) started in 1991. Until April, 1994, 122 patients were operated on by such a technique in six centres. The surgical protocol in the 66 patients with benign lesions was similar to that described by Buess. In contrast to the German experience, the indications of TEM for cancer have been extended to more advanced tumours and in 22 out of 56 patients with rectal carcinoma adjuvant radiation- or radiation-chemotherapy have been applied according to various protocols. In 88% of TEM for rectal tumours the operation has been carried out according to a full-thickness technique, with or without perirectal fat excision. Postoperative morbidity of TEM for adenoma was 15.8% and that of TEM for carcinoma 29.6%. There was no postoperative mortality. Local recurrence rate after TEM for adenoma was 10.5%, while that after TEM for cancer was 9.25%. No local recurrence has been reported among patients treated with a combination of TEM and adjuvant radiation treatments. The median follow-up in the 6 centres ranged between 7 and 16 months. A randomised prospective clinical trial has been planned in order to evaluate the role of transanal endoscopic microsurgery in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[An analysis of the surgical risk in elderly subjects with neoplasms of the large intestine. A follow-up of 102 consecutive cases].

Today surgeons find that they have to operate with increasing frequency on elderly patients suffering from colorectal cancer. This study examined 102 patients with this pathology. The findings show that age alone is not a contraindication for surgery. On the contrary decisive negative factors include both concomitant pathologies and emergency surgery because it is not possible to correct any pre-existing imbalances before surgery. The overall mortality rate is 9% of which 4% after emergency surgery. It is therefore possible to conclude that elderly patients can undergo radical surgery irrespective of age.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

6-[(aminoalkyl)amino]-substituted 7H-benzo[e]perimidin-7-ones as novel antineoplastic agents. Synthesis and biological evaluation.

A class of chromophore-modified anthracenediones with an additional pyrimidine ring incorporated into the chromophore system has been obtained in an attempt to provide compounds with diminished peroxidation activity and thus potentially lowered cardiotoxicity. Their synthesis was carried out by the reaction of 6-amino- or 6-hydroxy-7H-benzo[e]perimidin-7-one with a number of alkylamines. Potent activity was demonstrated in vitro against murine L1210 leukemia cells (equipotent with ametantrone) as well as against P388 leukemia in vivo (% T/C = 130-255). We observed that the benzoperimidines did not stimulate free radical formation, perhaps due to their poor substrate properties for NADH dehydrogenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis of 9,10-anthraquinone monoalkylaminoalkylhydrazones as potential antitumor drugs.

In the constant search for new compounds endowed with antitumor activity we have synthesized a series of anthraquinone hydrazones, which can bee seen either as opened-cycle modified anthrapyrazoles or as chromophore-modified anthracenediones. Seven 9,10-anthraquinone monoalkylaminoalkylhydrazones (3c-i) were synthesized from 10,10-dibromoanthrone (4) and a suitable N-alkylhydrazine. The hydrazones were converted into hydrochlorides and tested for their cytotoxic activity against L1210 murine leukemia cells. Two of them possess marginal activity in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activity of metal (II) complexes of 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones.

2-Acetylpyridine-(4-methylthiosemicarbazone), 2-acetylpyridine-(2- methylthiosemicarbazone) and their metal (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by chemical and spectral methods. They were studied for their antibacterial, antifungal and amoebicidal activity in vitro and for their toxicity in vivo. The ligands and their metal (II) complexes exhibited significant activity against a wide spectrum of microorganisms. The metal (II) complexes derived from 2-acetylpyridine-(4-methylthiosemicarbazone) seem to be the most active compounds.

Amebicides↗
PubMed1992

[Congenital cysts of the liver. Their instrumental diagnosis and the indications for surgical treatment].

The authors report their experience of 8 cases of congenital cysts of the liver describing instrumental examinations used for diagnosis and different surgical operation performed. The Authors believe that the choice of surgical procedure, performed in symptomatic patients and large cysts, has to be according to different parameters as morphology and localization of the cysts and coexisting pathologies. Being non-malignant pathology, conservative surgery often avoids the complications of liver resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Chromophore-modified antineoplastic imidazoacridinones. Synthesis and activity against murine leukemias.

The synthesis of 8-hydroxy and 8-methoxy analogues of some substituted 5-aminoimidazoacridinones (4) is described. The synthesis was carried out by a three-step sequence from the corresponding 1-chloro-4-nitro-9(10H)-acridinone precursors (1). The annulation of the imidazolo ring onto the aminoacridinone chromophore was accomplished by heating the required aminoacridinone (3) with formic acid or, in the case of 1-methyl derivatives, with N,N-dimethylacetamide. Potent cytotoxic activity against L1210 leukemia, as well as antitumor activity against P388 leukemia in mice, was demonstrated for the 8-hydroxy analogues. The corresponding 8-methoxy derivatives were not cytotoxic. However, in some cases, they showed significant in vivo antileukemic activity.

Aminoacridines↗