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Biomedical subjects

S Mann

Publications and source records attributed to S Mann.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Once-daily pindolol in hypertension: an ambulatory assessment.

Ambulatory monitoring of intra-arterial blood pressure was used to assess patterns of circadian blood pressure in 12 hypertensive patients who were treated with pindolol in either a once- or twice-daily dosage regimen. Neither once-daily nor twice-daily pindolol had much effect during the latter part of the night and early morning. In the six patients who agreed to further crossover studies, the hypotensive effects of once-daily therapy were not significantly different from those produced by a twice-daily regimen. While confirming the effectiveness of once-daily beta blockade in hypertension, we deduce that failure to affect nighttime blood pressure substantially is a feature independent of the dosage regimen and also, probably, of the individual beta blocker used.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Intracellular localization of lead in tissues of the mute swan.

The aim of this study was to examine the ultrastructure of kidney, liver, blood and intestine of a lead-poisoned bird and compare these with tissues of a healthy bird. From these results it was hoped to reveal that any abnormalities observed were due to lead poisoning and consequently suitable sections were also selected for X-ray analysis. Renal intranuclear inclusions were present in the lead-poisoned swan. X-ray analysis clearly demonstrated that these granules consist of an amorphous mass of lead probably as lead phosphate. Large numbers of electron dense granules were observed in the liver of the lead-poisoned bird and occasionally in the healthy swans liver. X-ray analysis demonstrated that these granules contain iron. Some of the red blood cells of the lead-poisoned swan have opaque granules associated with the plasma membrane, these were not observed in the healthy swan.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effect of once daily beta-adrenoceptor blocker-thiazide diuretic combination on the ambulatory blood pressure.

1 We have assessed the efficacy of Viskaldix, a combination of pindolol 10 mg and clopamide 5 mg using continuous intra-arterial ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. 2 Fourteen of the sixteen patients entered were studied on no therapy and following a minimum of 6 weeks at a constant dosage of Viskaldix. 3 Viskaldix produced a marked and consistent reduction of the blood pressure over the 24 h. The diurnal variation in the heart rate was decreased. 4 The results were compared with those of a similar study with once-daily pindolol where there was control during the day but not in the early morning when the blood pressures rose rapidly.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Ankylosing spondylitis and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

A man with long standing and severe ankylosing spondylitis, treated with radiotherapy, developed a primary adenocarcinoma of the lung in an area of apical fibrosis. The significance of this is discussed and the literature reviewed.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1982

Coital blood pressure in hypertensives. Cephalgia, syncope, and the effects of beta-blockade.

During the continuous monitoring of intra-arterial blood pressure in ambulant hypertensive subjects, 18 episodes of coitus were recorded in 11 subjects. Peak values of up to 300/175 mmHg found, the mean for men being 237/138 mmHg and for women 216/127 mmHg. Two patients with coital symptoms (cephalgia and syncope) showed no unusual responses and, when restudied after beta-blockade, one subject showed no reduction in peak coital blood pressure. The results complement those found previously in normal subjects and demonstrate the potential of the technique in investigating coital symptoms.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Douglas revisited. A stethographic method for visualizing thoracoabdominal motion.

The stethograph is an air-filled tube strapped to the chest. It was popular in the early part of the century as a means of detecting rib cage motion. When a second stethograph is strapped to the abdomen and coupled to an x-y recorded, a 'loop' is generated which characterizes the thoracoabdominal motion during inspiration. Inspiratory muscle weakness or dysynchrony can be reliably and economically evaluated with this technique. Visualizing thoracoabdominal motion on an x-y recorded provides a useful means of instructing patients during breathing retraining.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure profile with verapamil.

The blood pressure response in hypertensive subjects to chronic treatment with verapamil, a calcium antagonist (or, more precisely, a slow-channel inhibitor), was studied using the Oxford system for continuous monitoring of intraarterial blood pressure. Sixteen patients underwent continuous monitoring over a 48-hour period before and after at least 6 weeks of therapy (dose range 120-160 mg three times daily). Each monitoring period included physiologic tests designed to show the effects of different types of exercise. Verapamil produces a consistent reduction of blood pressure over 24 hours, but particularly during the day. Heart rate was similarly reduced. There was no evidence of postural hypotension, and the absolute responses to dynamic and isometric exercise were reduced. The degree of reduction of the blood pressure was consistent, suggesting that slow-channel inhibitors may be appropriate for antihypertensive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Slow channel inhibitors verapamil and nifedipine in the management of hypertension.

The "Oxford" system for continuous monitoring of the ambulatory blood pressure was used to assess the changes in blood pressure following therapy with the calcium ion antagonists verapamil and nifedipine in two separate groups of patients. In the first group 16 patients were studied on both no therapy and following a minimum of 6 weeks of verapamil therapy (dose range, 120-160 mg t.d.s.). During each study patients underwent standardized physiological tests including tilt, isometric handgrip, and dynamic bicycle exercise. A second group of nine patients followed the identical protocol but were prescribed nifedipine (20-60 mg b.d.). Both agents were demonstrated to produce a consistent reduction of blood pressure over most of the 24 h studied, but this was most marked during the day. Heart rate was lowered with verapamil but unaffected by nifedipine. There was no postural hypotension, and the absolute responses to dynamic and isometric exercise were reduced. The results demonstrate the antihypertensive efficacy of 'slow channel inhibitors' as represented by verapamil and nifedipine.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The role of a slow channel inhibitor, verapamil, in the management of hypertension.

1. The 'Oxford' system for continuous monitoring of the ambulatory blood pressure was used to assess the changes in blood pressure following therapy with the slow channel inhibitor, verapamil. 2. Sixteen patients were studied on no therapy and following a minimum of 6 weeks therapy (dose range 120-160 mg t.d.s.). During each study patients underwent standardized physological tests including tilt, isometric handgrip and dynamic bicycle exercise. 3. Verapamil was demonstrated to produce a consistent reduction of blood pressure over most of the 24 h period studied but this was most marked during the day. Heart rate was also reduced. 4. There was no postural hypotension and the absolute responses to dynamic and isometric exercise were reduced. 5. The results demonstrate the antihypertensive efficacy of 'slow channel inhibitors' as represented by verapamil.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Can placebo therapy influence arterial blood pressure?

1. With standard sphygmomanometric techniques used in conjunction with continuous intra-arterial monitoring the antihypertensive effect of placebo was examined in a group of patients participating in a controlled clinical trial. 2. Twelve of the 20 patients entered completed all stages of a randomized double-blind controlled trial of placebo and indoramin. Clinic blood pressure in patients receiving placebo showed reductions which were highly significant (P less than 0.001). Simultaneous intra-arterial monitoring showed no reduction of the blood pressure over the 24 h studied. 3. The clinic pressures showed minimal reduction of blood pressure in response to indoramin therapy whereas intra-arterial pressures showed a significant fall (P less than 0.01). 4. The response of the blood pressure to placebo appears to be an artifact of the indirect sphygmomanometric method and its use as a control in this study led to under-estimation of the efficacy of indoramin.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1981

Once daily beta-adrenoceptor blockade in hypertension: an ambulatory assessment.

1 The ambulant intra-arterial blood pressure of eighteen hypertensive subjects was monitored before and again after 3 months treatment with thrice daily sotalol (six patients), twice daily pindolol (six patients) and once daily pindolol (six patients). 2 Three patients in the sotalol group underwent a third study having changed to a once daily regimen; similarly six patients in the pindolol groups were restudied having crossed over to the alternative pindolol dosing regimen, total daily dosage being maintained in all cases. 3 Comparison of 24 h blood pressure curves before and after treatment showed effective daytime reduction but less consistent effects at night. 4 In the crossover experiments once daily and multiple daily dosing regimens produced identical patterns of reduction over 24 h in both blood pressure and heart rate. 5 It is inferred that in the treatment of hypertension, once daily dosing with standard preparations of beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents is probable adequate.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

A study of the antihypertensive action of xipamide using ambulatory intra-arterial monitoring.

1 The antihypertensive activity of the diuretic xipamide has been studied in 18 patients with mild/moderate essential hypertension using the technique of continuous ambulatory intra-arterial blood pressure recording. Full data from 48 h blood pressure recordings before and after treatment were available from 13 patients. 2 After a mean period of 3 months' treatment with xipamide 20 mg once daily, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were markedly reduced throughout the whole 24 h day, the reductions of systolic being statistically significant throughout the whole period, and of diastolic for 19 out of the 24 hourly periods measured. There was no postural hypotension seen during treatment and there was a conspicuous lack of side effects. 3 Xipamide would appear to be as effective as many beta-adrenoceptor blockers but without their side effects and produces a better control of blood pressure throughout the whole day and night.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1981

Effects of chronic beta-blockade on intra-arterial blood pressure during motor car driving.

Continuous intra-arterial blood pressure recordings during motor car driving were performed in 15 patients with untreated essential hypertension, using the "Oxford" recording technique. Each subject was an experienced driver who used his car every day, and for the study drove from his work place to the hospital during the later afternoon. This drive took place in urban traffic and the average duration was 20.9 minutes. Blood pressure during car driving was remarkably stable, and the average systolic and diastolic pressures were similar to the mean daytime pressure. After 16 weeks of treatment with oxprenolol each patient was restudied. Blood pressure during driving had dropped from 176/107 to 160/93 mmHg, but the blood pressure response to driving and blood pressure variation during driving (expressed as the coefficient of variation) were unchanged. After treatment, the mean daytime systolic pressure was lower than the mean pressure during driving, but the relative antihypertensive effect during driving was similar to that observed in the same patients during dynamic exercise on a bicycle ergometer. No drug-induced side effects occurred and there were no apparent effects on driving ability. Chronic treatment with oxprenolol reduced blood pressure during car driving without affecting the normal blood pressure response to driving.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Circadian rhythms in hypertension.

Continuous intra-arterial blood pressure recordings have been performed in 37 untreated ambulatory hypertensive subjects, who were investigated on an outpatient basis. Hourly data analysis demonstrated a circadian variation of both blood pressure and heart rate which were highest during the morning and fell during the late afternoon to reach a nadir during sleep. Prior to waking there was an increase in blood pressure, but not heart rate; however both blood pressure and heart rate increased briskly shortly after waking. Chronic therapy with oxprenolol (in 10 patients) reduced daytime blood pressure, but had little effect during the night-time or early morning.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of treatment on circadian rhythms of blood pressure.

Clinical trials of beta-blocking drugs in hypertensive subjects have shown that these drugs do not affect blood pressure significantly at night or during the early morning. Labetalol, which is a combined alpha- and beta-blocking agent, reduces mean blood pressure levels at all times. These studies strongly support the hypothesis of a circadian rhythm of alpha-receptor-mediated-sympathetic activity.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1981

Continuous recording of intra-arterial blood pressure during graded bicycle ergometry and stair climbing in essential hypertension.

Ambulatory intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring was used to record blood pressure during graded exercise on a bicycle ergometer and during stair climbing in 6 normotensive subjects, 19 patients with untreated uncomplicated hypertension and 8 patients with untreated hypertension and ECG evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. Exercise was performed on the bicycle ergometer at 250, 400, 700 and 1,000 kpm/min and each subject also climbed a maximum of 160 stairs. Bicycle ergometry was associated with an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and in patients with uncomplicated hypertension the levels of pressure attained were high. Stair climbing produced an increase limited mainly to systolic blood pressure, and in some subjects was followed by a secondary increase in both systolic and diastolic pressure during the recovery period. The blood pressure response to bicycle ergometry and stair climbing was generally similar in normotensive and hypertensive subjects but the increase in pressure was greatest in the patients with uncomplicated hypertension.

Adolescent↗