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Biomedical subjects

S Mangold

Publications and source records attributed to S Mangold.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Transcutaneous functional electrical stimulation for grasping in subjects with cervical spinal cord injury.

STUDY DESIGN: Case series. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the benefit, shortcomings and acceptance of a new transcutaneous functional electrical stimulation (FES) technology aimed at improving the grasp function in tetraplegic subjects in acute and postacute rehabilitation. SETTING: Spinal cord injury (SCI) centre, university hospital. METHODS: : Subjects (N=11) with complete or incomplete SCI at C4/5-C7 who started FES 1-67 months after their accident were included. Hand function tests, analysis of video recordings and of written documentation of FES sessions, status of muscle strength, and follow-up query were used as outcome measures. RESULTS: Nine subjects used FES as a neuroprosthesis. Eight demonstrated improved grasp function and performance in activities of daily living. In one subject, no benefit from FES was observed. Two other subjects showed improvements in muscle strength and facilitation of active movement with FES. Four subjects successfully integrated FES as neuroprosthesis in everyday life within the rehabilitation centre. Three received the system for home use. The most relevant reasons for stopping the FES application were: (i) improvement of voluntary grasp function, (ii) physical and psychological problems, (iii) no available stimulator for home use, and (iv) insufficient assistance for electrode placement at home. Shortcomings related to the transcutaneous surface technology (eg pain or coactivation of neighbouring muscles) could usually be reduced, or did not limit the efficiency or acceptance of FES. Individually designed digital or analogue control devices were preferred. CONCLUSION: Tetraplegic subjects in acute and postacute rehabilitation can profit from a new transcutaneous FES system with respect to functional use and independence. It can be implemented in the rehabilitation programme for muscle strengthening and facilitation of voluntary activity. For a successful application of FES, there is a need for individual electrode placement, stimulation programmes, and FES control devices.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2003

[Evidence based evaluation of conservative treatment options for patellar tendinitis syndromes].

INTRODUCTION: Patellar tendinopathy causes substantial morbidity in both professional and recreational athletes. There is no consensus about conservative treatment strategies for this condition. METHODS: With the help of the evidence-based medicine method it is estimated whether conservative treatment is appropriate for treating pain in this condition. RESULTS: 5 specialist articles that matched the clinical question were found in medical databases. One article was analyzed for clinical relevance. The evaluation showed that physiotherapeutic treatment of pain in combination with additional iontophoresis is more promising than physiotherapy alone. DISCUSSION: Current evidence suggests that traditional physiotherapy should be combined with additional therapeutic treatment. This requires further randomized prospective, placebo-controlled trials in order to confirm its efficiency. Prognostic effects of treatments should be included into these studies.

Arthralgia↗
PubMed2001

An XAFS investigation of the artefacts caused by sequential extraction analyses of Pb-contaminated soils.

The chemical processes that occur during sequential extraction of a highly Pb-contaminated soil sample were investigated using XAFS spectroscopy for the identification of the Pb species in the solid residues after each step. The sequential extraction was performed following the procedure described by Salomons and Förstner. It was found that during the sequential extraction serious alteration of the chemical binding forms of the Pb occurs. The most important processes underlying the chemical changes are the re-adsorption of solubilized Pb ions by soil matrix components and the precipitation of insoluble Pb species with anions from the extractant.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1999

Coordinated polar localization of auxin efflux carrier PIN1 by GNOM ARF GEF.

The plant hormone auxin is transported in a polar manner along the shoot-root axis, which requires efflux carriers such as PIN1. Asymmetric localization of PIN1 develops from a random distribution in Arabidopsis early embryogenesis. Coordinated polar localization of PIN1 is defective in gnom embryos. GNOM is a membrane-associated guanine-nucleotide exchange factor on ADP-ribosylation factor G protein (ARF GEF). Thus, GNOM-dependent vesicle trafficking may establish cell polarity, resulting in polar auxin transport.

ADP-Ribosylation Factors↗
PubMed1995

Physical and histological behavior of a new injectable collagen (GAX 65) implanted into the submucosal space of the mini-pig bladder.

The aim of our study was to analyze the physical and histological behavior of a second generation collagen (GAX 65*) in the mini-pig bladder, comparing it to the commonly used substance for injection (GAX 35*). GAX 65 is a glutaraldehyde cross-linked bovine collagen with a collagen concentration of 65 mg./ml. This much higher collagen concentration could be achieved due to sophisticated manufacturing technology. In 18 mini-pigs 2 to 4, 1 ml. deposits of GAX 65 and 35, respectively, were implanted into the submucosal space of the surgically opened bladder. The animals were sacrificed at months 1, 2, 4 and 6. The elevation (height equals protrusion of the implant into the bladder) and volume of the implants were measured and calculated immediately after injection and at necropsy. Histology was performed. The GAX 65 implants had a lesser decrease of elevation and volume during the 6-month observation period. Histology showed that the invasion of endogenous fibroblasts into the GAX 35 and 65 implants, and the formation of porcine collagen types I and III were almost identical. Clinically GAX 65 has better elevation properties than GAX 35 although statistical analysis did not show any significant difference (p = 0.07 to 0.25). However, preservation of the volume of the GAX 65 implant was significantly superior (p < or = 0.05) compared to that of GAX 35. Therefore, GAX 65 will most probably prove to be an excellent substance for the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux and incontinence in children.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Clinical trials with a programmable hearing aid set for various listening environments.

A conventional hearing aid has a frequency response that does not change much at normal listening levels. It is therefore unlikely that optimal speech intelligibility and optimal listening comfort can be obtained simultaneously, or in different listening environments. With a programmable hearing aid with multiple memories the listener can choose between a range of sound pictures, which increases the chance of finding a suitable frequency curve for each listening situation. The programmable hearing aid with eight separate settings stored in eight memories, was compared with personal hearing aids fitted according to the recommendations of the National Acoustic Laboratories (NAL) by 22 experienced hearing aid users. One memory of the programmable hearing aid was initially fitted according to the NAL recommendation. The other memories were programmed to give variations around that recommendation. One aim was to investigate whether the hearing-impaired user took advantage of different frequency responses to achieve listening improvements in acoustically different environments. Another aim was to evaluate the ergonomic and acoustical features of the programmable hearing aid, compared with other well fitted hearing aids. The evaluations were based on comparisons of the test hearing aid to the personal aid for each subject, looking at speech tests, direct paired comparison judgements, sound quality judgements and interviews. A majority of the subjects experienced substantial benefit from being able to use different frequency response curves in different environments. With the test hearing aid the subjects performed better in speech discrimination tests in noise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Multi-programmable hearing aid.

A basic problem in hearing-aid fitting is the difficulty in finding one setting optimal to all listening situations that might occur. The objective was to develop a behind-the-ear hearing-aid with a very flexible analog signal processor which is digitally controlled, and a memory with logic, so that the hearing-impaired person can select from eight completely different fittings. To program and adjust this multi-programmable hearing-aid (called MemoryMate) a hearing evaluation and recommendation system (called Master-Fit) has been developed, based on an IBM PS/2 computer. This system offers the dispenser prescriptive fitting methods and performance of real ear measurements. It can be used to manage a client database. Preliminary results from a clinical study conducted in 1988 are presented. The paper also describes the uniqueness of this multi-programmable hearing aid as a powerful new research tool.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Programmable hearing aid with multichannel compression.

A portable programmable hearing aid with multichannel compression was constructed with three channels with two independently variable crossover frequencies. The compression knee-point and attenuation in each channel and the two crossover frequencies can be programmed from a separate programming unit. Speech discrimination for seven subjects with sensorineural hearing loss was evaluated, comparing each subject individually in three different cases--equalization, multichannel compression and the subject's own conventional hearing aid. Each subject wore each aid for about a week in his/her own environment and was then tested. The following speech discrimination tests were used: monosyllabic phonetically balanced words with and without background noise, nonsense syllables in quiet, and a constant test in quiet and in noise. The study showed that some patients with sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by recruitment can double their speech discrimination by using a hearing aid with multichannel compression.

Hearing Aids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of a low alcohol dose on static balance, fine motor activity, and mental performance.

The effects of a single low alcohol dose (men 0.54 g and women 0.44 g alcohol per kg body weight) were measured by static balance, fine motor activity, and mental performance. In 10 healthy volunteers balance was registered by a temporally and spatially high resolution platform measuring the center of foot pressure and a three-dimensional coordination measurement system. Fine motor activity and mental performance were tested with selected experiments from the NES2 (Neurobehavioral Evaluation System) neuropsychological test battery. Changes of bipedal and monopedal balance could be detected after the alcohol consumption. Neither the fine motor activity nor the mental performance test demonstrated significant effects. Thus, the static balance test proved to be a sensitive, fast, and atraumatic method to identify slight neurotoxic disturbances.

Adult↗