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Biomedical subjects

S Mancuso

Publications and source records attributed to S Mancuso.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Salpingoscopy in patients with endometriosis-associated infertility.

Endoscopic evaluation of the tubal mucosa has been shown to be an important prognostic factor in predicting the probability of a subsequent intrauterine pregnancy. A recent classification of the tubal mucosa lesions allows uniformity of evaluation, permitting comparison of results in prospective studies. It has been suggested that endometriosis may be associated with intratubal abnormalities. In this prospective study we evaluated 35 patients with endometriosis-associated infertility. No intraluminal abnormalities were found, and all the patients that subsequently conceived had an intrauterine pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absorbable versus non-absorbable sutures in ovarian microsurgery: experimental results in the rabbit model.

Microsurgery has been shown to reduce the risk of adhesion formation when compared to conventional surgery in cases of benign ovarian pathology. However, the microsurgeons have contrasting opinions concerning the use of absorbable versus non-absorbable suture materials. In the present study we compared nylon versus vicryl sutures for ovarian surgery using the rabbit as an experimental model. No differences were found in terms not only of post-operative adhesions but also in terms of post-operative reproductive outcome for the sutures analyzed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of immunoglobulins in AIDS].

Fourteen AIDS patients with constitutional symptoms without a known etiology were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). The dosage regimen was 300 mg/kg per day three times weekly for two weeks followed by 300 mg/kg per day once weekly for ten weeks. All patients improved clinically after treatment with IVIG. The reason for the clinical improvement in our cases is as yet unclear, but it is possible that immunoglobulins have had a therapeutic effect on the underlying immunologic disturbance.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fetal growth reduction in relation to location in the uterine horn. Experimental model in the rabbit].

We studied the differences in weight of fetal body and organ growth in 35 pregnant rabbits in which intrauterine fetal growth retardation was induced with a microsurgical technique, in relation to fetal position in the uterine horn, and compared with a control group (88 rabbit). No differences was found in control group between gestational age and in relation to fetal position. There is a highly significant difference (p less than 0.001) in weight between siblings in middle and ovarian or vaginal positions in the rabbit uterine horn in intrauterine growth retardation group after the 24th day of gestation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selective over-expression of mRNA coding for 90 KDa stress-protein in human ovarian cancer.

The mRNA expression of the KDa stress-protein (SP) was assayed in normal and neoplastic human ovary. It was found that the expression level is low in normal ovary and in benign tumors and increases in the more advanced stages of ovarian cancer. A low level of mRNA coding for the 70 KDa SP--the most prominent among the inducible SPs-was constantly found in all specimens. No relationship was observed between SP 90 mRNA abundance and the receptor status of epidermal growth factor, estrogen and progesterone.

ErbB Receptors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological changes induced by epidermal growth factor and estradiol on CG5 human breast cancer cell line: a scanning electron microscopy study.

We studied the morphological changes induced by 17-b-estradiol (E2) and/or Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) in an estrogen sensitive human breast cancer cell line (CG5) characterized by a high growth responsiveness to EGF and by a single class of high affinity I-125 EGF binding sites. EGF treated cultures showed conspicuous morphological changes consisting of retraction from the substrate, loss of cell-to-cell contacts and expression of surface crest-like and bled protrusions. E2-treated cells showed an increased number of microvilli with respect to control. In cells simultaneously treated with EGF and E2, despite the expression of microvilli, cell surface modifications were similar to those found in the presence of EGF alone, suggesting that EGF may negatively modulate the estrogen-induced morphological changes. In CG5 cells EGF induced a reduction of ER and PR levels and inhibited the estrogen-induced increase of PR. Our findings suggest that the activation of specific EGF-induced intracellular pathways could decrease or modulate those induced by E2.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidermal growth factor levels in human breast cyst fluid.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) seems to modulate the in vitro and in vivo growth of normal and neoplastic breast cells. We determined, by a radio-receptor assay, EGF levels in cyst fluid and in plasma of patients with gross cystic disease of the breast. The mean levels of EGF were lower in plasma than in breast cyst fluid (BCF) (p less than 0.001). In BCF of apocrine cysts we found higher EGF levels than in flattened cysts (p less than 0.001). The EGF content of apocrine BCF seems to be under sex steroid hormone control, being higher in reproductive age than in post menopause (p less than 0.05). Since it has been reported that patients with apocrine cysts are at a greater risk of developing breast cancer, we hypothesize that the high EGF concentration in apocrine BCF may play a role in the autocrine breast cyst epithelium growth control and neoplastic transformation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth inhibitory effect of diheptyl diselenide on various human cancer cell lines.

We tested the antiproliferative effects of Diheptyl Diselenide (DHDSe) on several different human cancer cell lines. Cells derived from human cancer (CG5), colon cancer (WIDR), laryngeal cancer (Hep-2), ovarian cancer (OV 166, OV 1225) and IM-9 lymphoblastoid cells were used. In all cell lines DHDSe inhibited cell growth in a dose dependent manner. At the highest concentration tested, an inhibition of cell proliferation ranging from 48% to 75% compared with control cells was observed. Our results show that DHDSe exerts a direct antiproliferative effect on human cancer cells in vitro and suggest that it may represent the parent compound of a new group of anticancer agents.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug abuse in pregnancy: fetal growth and malformations.

The influence of drug addiction in pregnancy on the fetus is in terms of malformation, ponderal and functional development and post-natal psychoneuromotor development. The Authors evaluate the incidence of this complications in 101 drug addicted pregnant patients and the results are shown below.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth inhibitory effect of LH-RH analogs on human breast cancer cells.

The antiproliferative effect of two LH-RH agonists (Pro 9-LH-RH ethylamide and D Ser(t BU)6 Aza Gly 10-LH-RH, ICI 118630) on the human breast cancer cell line CG5 is reported. Although ineffective when used alone, both analogs inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion the growth stimulatory effect of estradiol. LH-RH analogs did not influence the growth inhibitory effect of tamoxifen and medroxyprogesterone acetate. Likewise, these compounds neither modified basal estrogen and progesterone receptor levels nor prevented estrogen-induced increase of progesterone receptor. A marked antiproliferative effect of the analogs was also seen in cells stimulated with other mitogens, such as insulin and epidermal growth factor.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proposal of an experimental model of fetal hydrocephalus.

There have been numerous experimental studies reported in literature that simulate congenital hydrocephalus. The various techniques that have been proposed present the obstacle of being difficult to reproduce and the results therefore, often do not match. We have proposed a new experimental model that is easily created, reproduced and that allows for precise monitoring of the hydrocephalic entity, in addiction to presenting itself as an example to follow in resolving the hydrocephalic pathology. The authors report the results relative to their case studies of 14 pregnant animals treated and they list and discuss the principal complications encountered.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of a monoclonal-antibody-defined antigen (90K) in the sera of patients with ovarian cancer.

Serum levels of CA125 and 90K, a new tumor-associated antigen, were measured in 73 ovarian cancer patients and 70 patients with benign gynecological conditions. Abnormally high serum CA 125 and 90K levels were found in 49% and 78% of these patients, respectively. When a combination of the two markers was used, the sensitivity increased to 86%. The percentage of 90K positivity did not significantly correlate with stage of disease or with histological type. A statistically significant correlation was found between 90K positivity rate and grade of tumor differentiation. Elevated serum CA 125 and 90K levels were present in 32% and 29% of patients with benign ovarian tumors, respectively. Only 1 case out of 26 with endometriosis had high 90K levels, compared to 7 patients with abnormal CA 125 levels. Serial measurements of 90K concentrations were found to be correlated with the clinical behaviour of the disease during chemotherapy. Moreover, rising levels of 90K preceded the clinical detection of recurrence with a median lead-time of 3 months. In 2 of these cases the serial changes in 90K values were better correlated with the course of disease than changes in CA 125 levels. Our data suggest that 90K combined with CA 125 may be applied for the detection and monitoring of ovarian cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Current therapeutic possibilities of GIFT.

We have used GIFT in 74 couples affected with unexplained sterility, male hypofertility, endometriosis, phymosis of the fimbria and adhesions impeding oocyte pick-up. We systematically desensitized the pituitary using a GnRH analog from the 20th day of the cycle preceding GIFT. All the patients were hyperstimulated with purified FSH and hMG (Metrodin and Pergonal-Serono) from the 3rd day of the cycle. When several follicles were obtained woth a diameter greater than 16 mm together with serum estradiol values of 300 pg/ml per follicle, 10,000 IU hCG were administered intramuscularly in a single dose (Profasi-Serono). A maximum of 5 oocytes per patient were transferred (2-3 per tube). Our results confirm the validity of the GIFT method, with an average success rate of 19% in all pathological conditions and a far greater success rate in couples with unexplained sterility than in those with male hypofertility (31% and 10% respectively). The Authors stress that the best results of GIFT were achieved when the ratio between E2 and follicles with a diameter greater than 16 mm was in excess of 500 pg/ml.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulsatile Gn-Rh induced ovulatory cycles: echographic and endocrine aspects.

Five patients with primary hypogonadotrophic amenorrhea were treated for the induction of ovulation with I.V. pulsatile Gn-Rh doses ranging from 2.5 to 12.5 micrograms/90 min) for 15 cycles. Ovulation occurred during Gn-Rh treatment in 7 cycles (A) or after i.m. HGC administration (5,000-10,000 IU) (B = 6) (ovulation rate = 86%). Four pregnancies (A = 2; B = 2) were obtained (in one case there was a twin pregnancy). Echographic and endocrine patterns were evaluated. Ovulatory follicular diameter was 18.3 +/- 6.0 mm, no difference between A and B (21.8 +/- 5.6 and 16.0 +/- 5.1 mm, respectively) was observed. In addition E2 preovulatary plasma levels were similar in the two groups examined (334 +/- 131 and 300 +/- 89 pg/ml, respectively). Also endocrine and echographic profiles of conceptive (C) and non conceptive (NC) cycles were similar. Furthermore all doses resulted effective in determining the ovarian response and no difference was found at different dosage used. It is concluded that pulsatile GnRh is a "physiological" way of inducing ovulation in PHA patients. By analysis of the present data we consider it advisable to induce ovulation by the enhancement of the endogenous LH peak which occurs during Gn-Rh administration (A group) and then periodic injections of HCG can be used for maintaining the luteal function.

Adult↗