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Biomedical subjects

S Mancuso

Publications and source records attributed to S Mancuso.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and related analogue on human luteal cell function in vitro.

The possible direct effect of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH agonist (GnRH-A; buserelin) on basal and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)-stimulated progesterone (P) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) production by cultured human luteal cells was examined. Luteal cells from the early or mid-luteal phase were incubated in long-term cultures. They responded to HCG stimulation with a 2- to 3-fold increase in P production and a 2-fold increase in cAMP production. The addition of GnRH (10(-7) and 10(-5) M) or GnRH-A (10(-7) and 10(-5) M) to the medium had no effect on either basal or HCG-stimulated secretion. These results indicate that both GnRH and GnRH-A have no direct effect on human luteal steroidogenesis in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A long-acting cephalosporin in short-term prophylaxis in obstetric and gynecologic surgery.

The efficacy of single-dose (1 g i.v.) ceftriaxone (Rocephin) was evaluated in 175 patients undergoing emergency cesarean section (62 patients) or elective cesarean section (113 patients). The overall rate of postoperative infectious morbidity was 8% (14/175), with 9.6% (6/62) of the group undergoing emergency surgery and 7.0% (8/113) of the patients choosing elective cesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of luteal metoclopramide-induced hyperprolactinemia on pituitary and luteal responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

The pituitary and corpus luteum responses to acute gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration at the mid-luteal phase (LP) were studied in 24 infertile women. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. In one group (n = 12) metoclopramide (MCP, 10 mg orally 3 times daily) was administered from day 0 or 1 of the LP for 7 days. On day 7 or 8 of LP blood samples were taken every 15 min for 180 min; then 25 micrograms GnRH were acutely administered intravenously and blood samples taken at 185, 195, 210, 225, 240, 255, 270, 285 and 300 min. In the other 12 patients the same experimental design was performed on day 7 or 8 of an untreated LP. Plasma prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and estradiol (E2) were assayed. The responsiveness of the different hormones to GnRH was evaluated as the integrated secretory area for 120 min after injection (sISA = stimulated integrated secretory area) and as the percentage increase (delta A) with respect to the area under basal conditions before GnRH administration (bISA = basal integrated secretory area). MCP-treated women showed higher basal PRL levels (p less than 0.01) and lower basal plasma concentrations and bISA (p less than 0.01) values of LH than controls. After GnRH a more marked response of LH secretion was observed in the treated group (p less than 0.01), so that the absolute values of sISA were superimposable in both groups. Basal and stimulated FSH secretion did not differ significantly in the study groups. Basal plasma and bISA values of progesterone were also decreased in MCP-treated subjects. After GnRH injection the absolute values of progesterone sISA were greater in controls (p less than 0.01), but delta A values were similar in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin administration on pituitary and luteal response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on the pituitary and luteal responses to acute gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration at the mid luteal phase (LP) were studied in 20 infertile women. Patients were divided into 2 groups. In 1 group (n = 8), hCG (5,000 IU i.m.) was injected in a single shot on day 5 of LP. Sixty hours later (day 8 of LP) blood samples were taken every 15 min for 180 min; then 25 micrograms GnRH were acutely administered intravenously and blood samples taken at 185, 195, 210, 225, 240, 255, 270, 285 and 300 min. In the other 12 patients the same experimental design with GnRH was performed on day 8 of an untreated LP. Plasma LH, FSH, beta-hCG, progesterone and estradiol (E2) were assayed. The responsiveness of different hormones to GnRH was evaluated as integrated secretory area for 120 min after injection (sISA) and as the absolute increase with respect to the area under basal conditions before a GnRH administration (bISA). hCG-treated patients showed higher basal and bISA plasma values of LH/hCG than controls (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Circulating tumor markers in cervical cancer.

Serum levels of CA 19-9, CA 125 and CA 15-3 were measured in 91 patients with cervical cancer (16 with intraepithelial neoplasia and 75 with invasive cancer). In 35 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, serum marker levels were measured at monthly intervals during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. CA 19-9 was found to be abnormally high only in advanced stages with an overall sensitivity of 7.3%. CA 125 and CA 15-3 were elevated in 31.9 and 23.1% of the patients, respectively, with a combined sensitivity of about 40%. The mean values of CA 125 and CA 15-3 were positively related to clinical stage and tumor differentiation. CA 125 and CA 15-3 values were correlated with response to chemotherapy in more than 80% of the cases. These findings suggest that CA 125 and CA 15-3 could be usefully employed in the management of cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

State of the art.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine↗
PubMed1989

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital uropathies.

We discuss data on urinary tract dilatations diagnosed in utero from February 1980 to May 1988. Over 8,900 pregnancies prenatally investigated with ultrasound during second and third trimester in our center. We diagnosed 401 fetal defects (4.5%) with 121 urinary system anomalies (1.35%). In 90 cases (1.01%) urinary tract dilatation was present, representing the most frequent urinary pathology in utero (74.3% of all urinary anomalies). We describe some diagnostic findings as particularly useful in differential diagnosis of functional and obstructive conditions, stressing the possibility and the difficulty of diagnostic accuracy for urinary tract anomalies. The perinatal outcome of each condition is reported.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in gynecological malignancies.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (IEGF-R) levels were analyzed in 72 gynecological tumor specimens. Measurable EGR-R levels were found in a significant percentage of ovarian and uterine tumors. Moreover, all vulvar epidermoid carcinomas and uterine sarcomas analyzed were EGF-R positive. In all tumor types examined, scattered EGF-R levels were observed. Higher EGF-R levels were found in metastatic than in primary ovarian tumors. Moreover, EGF-R were found to be more expressed in less differentiated than in well-moderately differentiated endometrial tumors. Our results suggest a role of EGF or EGF-like substances in regulating the growth of gynecological malignancies, and indicate EGF-R expression as a possible prognostic factor.

ErbB Receptors↗
PubMed1989

Are blood flow velocity waveforms related to umbilical cord acid-base status in the human fetus?

Doppler blood flow velocity waveforms from fetal umbilical artery, descending aorta, internal carotid artery and maternal uterine arteries were recorded in 50 fetuses near term undergoing cesarean section before the onset of labor in order to evidence eventual relationships with the fetal acid-base status. The primary indications for cesarean section were in 16 cases an elective repeated cesarean section and in the remaining cases maternal hypertension often associated with fetal growth retardation and/or fetal distress. The technique of anesthesia was strictly standardized and fetal blood gas levels and acid-base status were analyzed in umbilical artery and vein immediately after birth. A significant correlation was found between the pulsatility index from internal carotid artery and the pO2 levels in umbilical vein (r = 0.87; p less than or equal to 0.001). Similar relationships were found between the pulsatility index from descending aorta and the pCO2 (r = 0.78; p less than or equal to 0.001), base excess (r = 0.72; p less than or equal to 0.001) and pH (r = 0.80; p less than or equal to 0.001) levels in umbilical artery. It is suggested that Doppler ultrasound could be useful in the diagnosis of fetal hypoxia and acidosis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1989

Multiple serum markers in patients with endometrial cancer.

Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 125 and CA 15-3 were measured in 47 patients with endometrial cancer and 20 with endometrial hyperplasia. Before treatment elevated serum levels of CEA, CA 125 and CA 15-3 were found in 14, 43 and 32% of cancer patients, respectively. In the 20 patients with endometrial hyperplasia, CEA and CA 15-3 values were normal, while elevated CA-125 titers were detected in 1 case. There was an increasing incidence of abnormal levels of all markers in relation to a higher tumor stage (stage I: 36%; II: 66%; III: 100%). The percentage of positive marker values increased in case of deep myometrial infiltration (greater than M1) and/or poorer tumor differentiation (greater than G1). However, only percent increase in CA 15-3 positivity was significantly higher in more infiltrating (greater than M1, 7 vs. 65%, p less than 0.01) and less differentiated (greater than G1, 0 vs. 47%, p = 0.01) tumors. These findings suggest that CA 15-3 is in some way associated with the prognostic factors of the disease. All patients except 2 with no evidence of disease after surgery had normal serum marker values. Moreover, CA 125 and CA 15-3 levels reflected the clinical course of the disease during chemotherapy and seemed to be useful for monitoring response to treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

LH surge induction by GnRH agonist at the time of ovulation.

Eight women were treated for 1 cycle at the time of ovulation with GnRH agonist (3 injections of 0.2 mg buserelin s.c. at 12-hour intervals) to obtain follicular rupture. Clomiphene citrate was administered to 1 patient and pure FSH to 2 patients, whilst in the case of a woman with hypothalamic amenorrhea a pulsatile GnRH regimen was used. Four patients had an untreated follicular phase. When the maximal follicular diameter was 20-22 mm all treatments were withheld and GnRH-A was administered. Plasma LH, FSH, progesterone and estradiol were determined 24 hours before, at the time of and 12, 24 and 48 hours after the 1st injection of buserelin. Ovulation was detected in all cycles. LH levels increased dramatically from baseline levels of 14.4 +/- 4.1 to 155 +/- 48 IU/l 12 hours after the beginning of treatment, then returned to preovulatory values 48 hours later (13.0 +/- 3.9 IU/l). The duration of the luteal phase was 13.2 days and normal mid-luteal progesterone plasma levels were detected (39.8 +/- 9.3 nmol/l). These data suggest that the GnRH agonist can be successfully used at the time of ovulation to induce an endogenous ovulatory LH peak and that it can be used in conjunction with different medical treatments to induce follicular maturation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hemodynamic changes in growth retarded fetuses during maternal oxygen administration as predictors of fetal outcome.

The changes in fetal hemodynamics during maternal administration of 60% humidified oxygen were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography in 15 growth retarded fetuses characterized by abnormal blood flow velocity waveforms. During oxygen treatment, nine fetuses exhibited temporary hemodynamic modifications as expressed by a recovery toward the normal range of vascular impedance in the descending aorta and internal carotid artery, whereas no changes were found in the remaining six fetuses. In this latter group, a rapid deterioration of fetal condition occurred and all the fetuses were delivered by emergency cesarean section within 9 days from the Doppler examination. The absence of recovery of vascular resistance during acute maternal oxygen administration seems therefore to be a useful marker of imminent acute distress in fetuses with growth retardation secondary to chronic hypoxia.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1989

Prenatal cerebral Doppler ultrasonography and neonatal neurologic outcome.

The significance of fetal cerebral blood flow analysis in the prediction of neonatal neurologic outcome was investigated on 87 fetuses at risk for chronic hypoxia. Blood flow velocity waveforms were recorded from the fetal internal carotid artery immediately before cesarean section; newborns underwent neurologic follow-up until discharged from the neonatal division. Neonatal outcome was considered abnormal in presence of a postasphyxial encephalopathy. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to demonstrate the efficacy of fetal cerebral blood flow velocity waveform analysis as a predictor of neonatal outcome. A value of the pulsatility index from the internal carotid artery below the second standard deviation of our range of normality was found to be a powerful indicator of the development of neonatal neurologic abnormalities (Cohen's Kappa index = .58). These results were particularly evident in fetuses with a birthweight above 2500 g in which a specificity of 93.7%, a sensitivity of 75%, and an accuracy of 89.7% were achieved.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[The oblique projection in the radiologic study of the breast].

In order to verify the diagnostic value of the oblique view (O) in Mammography, we analyzed the results obtained in 3,833 patients examined with Mammography or Xerography. 2,076 patients were examined with conventional methodology (including cranio-caudal--CC--view and medio-lateral--ML--view at the first exam and at the follow-up exams). 1,307 patients were examined with methodology including also O view (CC and O at the first exam and the O only at the exams of follow-up). We compared the diagnostic possibilities of the two groups of patients about detection of focal lesions confirmed by histologic results; and their "cost" in terms of exposure-dose to the patients. We observed a better diagnostic capacity (+3.5%) for the methodology including the oblique view; moreover we observed in this methodology an important reduction (-20%) of the exposure-dose to the patients.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Proposal of a detoxication program for drug dependency in pregnancy].

One of the main problems the physician has to handle in managing pregnancy complicated by the maternal intake of opiates is represented by the programming of adequate detoxication treatment that allows in particular for possible pharmacological repercussions on the foetus. On the basis of many years' experience, a therapeutic proposal is put forward as a general guideline, from which an individual approach can be obtained for the treatment of drug dependency in pregnancy.

Female↗