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Biomedical subjects

S Maehlum

Publications and source records attributed to S Maehlum.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Football injuries in Oslo: a one-year study.

All football injuries treated at the Emergency Department, Oslo City Hospital, 1329 patients, 1167 males and 162 females, were recorded for one year, accounting for 28.4% of all sports injuries. Most injuries seen were in the 15-19 years age group in females and 20-24 years age group in males; 68% of the females and 42% of the males (p less than 0.001) were below 20 years of age, and 87% of the injuries occurred in competitive football. During matches, 695 players were injured giving an incidence of 34.5 injuries/10,000 player matches. The injuries occurred all year with a peak in June. Sprains accounted for 41% of the injuries, 23% were contusions and 19% fractures. Most injuries (59%) affected the legs. Hospital admission was required for three females and 57 males. The football injuries required 1966 consultations and necessitated that 349 patients had to stay away from work for a total of 6137 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Diabetes mellitus and physical activity.

Fat and carbohydrate metabolism in diabetic patients during exercise is described and compared with the metabolism of healthy individuals. In well-regulated insulin-treated diabetics, fat and carbohydrate metabolism does not differ greatly from that of healthy individuals. It is therefore concluded that well-regulated diabetics can actively participate in all degrees of exercise, including highly competitive sports, when diet and insulin dosages are adequately adjusted. The effect of exercise on diabetes control is discussed, and it is concluded that there is not existing evidence that exercise delays or prevents the development of diabetic angiopathy.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1978

Muscle glycogen concentration during recovery after prolonged severe exercise in fasting subjects.

The influence of 12 h of fasting after prolonged severe exercise on the muscle glycogen concentration was studed in 5 normal subjects. The subjects exercised in the post absorptive state at 70% of max. Vo2 till exhaustion, then rested for 12 h. No food was allowed during recovery. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were obtained before exercise, immediately after the cessation of exercise, and after 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 h of recovery. Muscle glycogen content decreased from 70.4 +/- 3.0 to 21.6 +/- 3.9 mmol glucosyl units/kg w.w. in response to exercise. After 4 h of recovery muscle glycogen had increased to 28.8 +/- 3.6 mmol glucosyl units/kg (P less than 0.025). During the next 8 h of recovery no further increase in glycogen concentration was observed. Mean plasma glucose concentration was observed. Mean plasma glucose concentration decreased from 5.25 +/- 0.16 to 4.37 +/- 0.18 mmol/l during exercise (P less than 0.001). No change in the plasma glucose level was observed during recovery. Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentration decreased from 15.9 +/- 1.0 to 10.2 +/- 0.5 micromicron/ml (P less than 0.001) during exercise, and remained at this level during recovery. It is concluded that some muscle glycogen repletion may occur after prolonged, severe exercise even under fasting conditions. It is suggested that this may proceed through an increased hepatic gluconeogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Splanchnic glucose and muscle glycogen metabolism after glucose feeding during postexercise recovery.

Glucose (100 g) was ingested 15 min after bicycle exercise until exhaustion at a work load corresponding to 70% of maximal uptake (series 1), 14--15 h after an identical exercise period, no food being taken in the interval (series 2), and by nonexercised control subjects. Splanchnic glucose output in the exercised groups rose to values 50--300% greater than in controls, amounting to (over 135 min) 59 +/- 5 g in series 1 and 58 +/- 6 in series 2 compared to 28 +/- 6 in controls. The glycogen concentration of quadriceps muscle in series 1 was 65 +/- 2 mmol glycosyl U/kg wet wt before exercise, 16 +/- 13 at the end of work, and 32 +/- 4 at 135 min after glucose ingestion. In series 2, muscle glycogen concentration was 20 +/- 3 immediately after exercise and rose to 44 +/- 5 over the ensuing 14--15 h in spite of continued fasting. It rose to 56 +/- 3 at 135 min after glucose loading. Repletion of leg muscle glycogen after glucose feeding could account for 50--66% of total splanchnic glucose release. It is concluded that during postexercise recovery, a greater proportion of an oral glucose load escapes hepatic retention, allowing repletion of muscle glycogen to take precedence over hepatic glycogen repletion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Synthesis of muscle glycogen during recovery after prolonged severe exercise in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.

Glycogen synthesis rate in skeletal muscle studied in six juvenile diabetic and six non-diabetic males ingesting a carbohydrate rich diet during 12 h of resting recovery after exhaustive bicycle exercise. The diabetic subjects took their regular insulin. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were obtained at rest prior to exercise, immediately after cessation of exercise and after 2,4,6.9 and 12 h of recovery. A marked decrease in muscle glycogn content was observed in response to exercise in both groups of subjects. Mean glycogen utilization rate was the same in the two groups. Glycogen synthesis rate during the first 4 h or recovery was 6.4 +/- 0.6 mmol glucosyl units/kg w.w./h in the diabetic subjects and 7.2 +/- 0.7 mmol glycosyl units/kg w.w./h in the non-diabetic subjects. During the next 8 h glycogen synthesis rate was approximately 1/3 of that being 2.0 +/- 0.3 and 2.4 +/- 0.5 mmol glucosyl units/kg w.w./h in the two groups respectively. Glycogen synthetase I-activity increased markedly in response to exercise in both groups of subjects. However, no differences were observed between the groups. No significant differences in muscle glucose 6-phosphate concentrations were observed between the two groups. Plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in the diabetic than in the non-diabetic subjects. It is concluded that glycogen synthesis during recovery following prolonged severe exercise can proceed at the same rate in diabetic subjects taking their regular insulin as in non-diabetic subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Arterial-hepatic vein glucose differences in normal and diabetic man after a glucose infusion at rest and after exercise.

The role of the liver in the elimination of infused glucose during recovery after exercise was studied in 5 normal and 4 juvenile diabetic males. The results were compared with those of a resting experiment. The subjects exercised on the bicycle ergometer at a work rate requiring about 70% of their max. Vo2. 0.5 g glucose per kg body weight was infused as a single injection 15 min after the cessation of exercise. Arterial-hepatic vein (a-hv) glucose and lactate differences were measured repetitively both during exercise and throughout the 79 min recovery period. During exercise the a-hv glucose differences were negative and increased more than sixfold in the diabetic subjects and more than tenfold in the non-diabetic subjects. After the glucose infusion the a-hv glucose differences were still negative in the diabetic subjects, indicating a continued net release of glucose from the liver in spite of elevated arterial glucose concentrations. In the non-diabetic subjects there was a small uptake of glucose, accounting for about 0.5% of the total glucose load given. The a-hv lactate differences were larger in the diabetic subjects, indicating a greater dependence upon gluconeogenesis as compared with the non-diabetic subjects. It is concluded that the liver is of no importance in the diabetic subjects and of only slight importance in the non-diabetic subjects for the disposal of infused glucose during the initial hour of recovery after exercise.

Adolescent↗