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Biomedical subjects

S Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Maeda.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Selective alveolo-bronchographic findings in type B chronic obstructive lung disease patients with particular reference to lesions in small airways.

Selective alveolo-bronchography (SAB) was performed in 14 patients with type B chronic obstructive lung disease to evaluate the morphologic changes of their "small airways". The distance from the branching portion of the segmental bronchus (B9) to the end of the conducting airway was divided into three equal parts (central, middle and peripheral). In the peripheral part, interruption of the airway with a rounded or tapering end was noted at a high incidence (9 cases). Dilatation of the bronchus, irregular outline of the bronchial wall and increased angle of branching were also conspicuous in this part. Inadequate lateral branchings of airways were often observed in the middle and the peripheral part, particularly in the latter (10 cases). Generalized narrowing of an airway and narrowing especially at a branching point were observed in about one half of the cases. Fringes and/or spikes were most often seen in the central part of the airway (9 cases). These pathological appearances are considered to reflect morphologic changes in "small airway disease", and thus SAB can serve as a useful method for detecting lesions of the small airways.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Recrystallization process in the 20 carat dental gold alloy (author's transl)].

An annealing process of the 20 carat dental gold alloy was studied by hardness testing, electrical resistivity measurement and optical microscopic observation. The material was cold rolled to 67.4% and 90.7% in reduction and subsequently annealed in the temperature range from 300 degrees to 500 degrees C. Microscopic observation, electrical resistivity and hardness testing revealed that the annealing process were three distinguishable stages, recovery, recrystallization and grain boundary migration. Activation energies, the order of the reaction involved, and frequency factors for various annealing processes were established.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1977

The chemical mediation of delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions. I. Purification of a macrophage-chemotactic factor from bovien gamma-globulin-induced skin reactions in guinea pigs.

A macrophage-chemotactic factor (MCFS) was extracted in the pseudoglobulin fraction from delayed hypersensitivity skin lesions induced by bovine gamma-globulin in guinea pigs. Its chemotactic activity was estimated by a modification of Boyden's method using Nuclepore filter. After chromatography of the protein fraction using Sephadex G-50 and DEAE-cellulose, in that order, two chemotactic fractions were obtained. The chemotactic factor with stronger activity (MCFS-1) was further highly purified (488-fold) by chromatography on CM-Sephadex. This factor migrated in a single band on acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and was found to be a protein that was free of nucleic acid. Gel filtration showed that its molecular weight was similar to that of IgG. Its chemotactic activity was heat labile. Intradermal injection of this factor into normal guinea pigs induced a pronounced mononuclear cell emigration from venules. These findings are pertinent to understanding macrophage reaction in the delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Am J Pathol 87:359-374, 1977).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The location of ribosomal cistrons (rDNA) in chromosomes of the rat.

In situ hybridization of 3H-labelled ribosomal RNA to the chromosomes of rat bone marrow cells revealed that clusters of ribosomal cistrons (rDNA) are located in the secondary constrictions of chromosomes No. 3 and 12 and near the centromere of chromosome No. 11, both associated with the late DNA-replicating regions. They were not found in Nos. 1, 2, 13, 19, 20, and the Y chromosome.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immunochemistry of otitis media with effusion.

For investigation of the nature and origin of middle ear effusions, immunochemical studies were performed on more than 400 patients diagnosed as having otitis media with effusion. Although results of cellulose acetate and disc electrophoretic analyses and quantitation of IgG, IgA, and IgM suggested that proteins found in the effusions were derived for the most part from the serum, quantitative analysis of secretory IgA revealed the existence of appreciable amounts of secretory IgA in both serous and mucoid effusions. The antigenicity and subunit structure of the secretory IgA isolated from middle ear effusions were identical or very similar to those of secretory IgA obtained from other external secretions. Radioactive single radial diffusion analysis of IgE showed that the mean concentrations of IgE in effusions and sera were within normal ranges. Findings of this study suggest that the middle ear maintains the local immunologic defense system, that the middle ear effusion is at least partially an external secretion, and that IgE in middle ear effusions obtained from old patients, rather than being a local product, may be derived from the serum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Familial unusual encephalopathy of Binswanger's type without hypertension.

Clinical and pathological studies have been conducted on two brothers with unusual encephalopathy of Binswanger's type. The disease started in the third decade with steady progressive course leading to death in eight or nine years. The clinical picture was summarized as a combination of organic dementia, extrapyramidal disorders associated with pseudobulbar symptoms and marked pyramidal tract signs. The blood pressure remained always normal during the course. Pathologically, there were diffuse and focal demyelination with sparing of U-fibers, multiple small foci of perivascular softening in the cerebral white matter and in the basal ganglia and severe arteriosclerotic changes of memingeal small arteries and long arteries with 100 to 400 micron caliber in the cerebral white matter. Vessel changes consisted of fibrous intimal proliferation, severe hyalinosis and splitting of intima and/or internal elastic membrane. The histopathological process belonged to the category of subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy of Binswanger's type. There has been some discussion as to differential diagnosis among various forms of vasculitis such as cerebral endangiitis obliterans, periarteritis nodosa, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic vascular disease and giant cell arteritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Scanning electron microscopy of the lungs of vitamin E-deficient rats exposed to a low concentration of ozone.

The acute effects of a low concentration of ozone on the surface morphologic features of the conducting airways and alveoli were studied by scannging electron microscopy. Rats were exposed to approximately 0.3 ppm of ozone for 3 hours daily for as many as 16 consecutive days. Animals were killed at intervals of time, and their lungs were processed. Throughout the airways, cilia were seen to be swollen, showing hemispheric extrusions and considerable surface roughness. Groups of severely injured cilia had a tendency to adhere to each other. Small, round bodies were frequently noted, mainly in the large airways and the proximal bronchioles, in some areas thickly covering the airway epithelial surface. In addition, the luminal surfaces of the epithelium of the regions were often covered with a pseudomembrane. The surfaces of protruding nonciliated cells (Clara cells) showed many small swellings and discrete, round bodies. These changes were most marked in the terminal airways. The surfaces of alveolar ducts and alveolar walls showed scattered areas of cytoplasmic swelling and attachment of round bodies throughout the parenchyma. The findings described were more prominent in vitamin E-deficient rats than in rats fed a diet supplemented with vitamin E, suggesting an antioxidant effect of the vitamin.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Otitis media with effusion: specific antibody activities against exotoxins in middle ear effusions.

Findings of recent immunologic studies on otitis media with effusion indicate that antibodies in middle ear effusions can either originate from serum and/or from local production in the middle ear cavity and Eustachian tube. Determination of specific antibody activity of different immunoglobulin classes in effusions and sera against certain bacterial antigens may aid in a better understanding of the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion. A radioimmunosorbent assay was employed in the present study to determine specific antibody activity against streptolysin or staphylolysin. Although these antibody activities were mainly limited to IgG and IgA class antibodies in effusion as well as in serum, it was also found that SIgA of various types of the effusion possesses the antibody activity against these exotoxins. Findings of this study suggest that a local immunity functions in the middle ear cavity of patients with otitis media with effusions and that bacterial infection may contribute to the development of middle ear effusion in certain cases.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1976

Histiocytic medullary reticulosis with involvement of the nose.

A case of histiocytic medullary reticulosis in which nasal involvement was predominant is reported. The patient was a 33-year-old woman with a 14-month history of unilateral nasal stuffiness. The diagnosis was established by antemortem examination of films of bone marrow aspirates and by clinical features including fever, wasting, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, and leukopenia. The histologic examination of autopsy specimens disclosed proliferation of histiocytes, which ingested nuclear debris and closed proliferation of histiocytes, which ingested nuclear debris and erythrocytes, in the necrotic lesion of the nose, sternal bone marrow, liver, spleen, thymus, uterus, ovali, and ileum. On reviewing literature on this subject, such a case of histiocytic medullary reticulosis which predominantly involves the nose is very rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Factors influencing growth of rumen, liver, and other organs in kids weaned from milk replacers to solid foods.

From pooled data of many feeding trials with kids fed various types of solid foods from 37 days of age and slaughtered thereafter, relationships between such independent variables as age, cumulative intake of solid food, weight gain, and/or final body weight and such dependent variables as weights and such dependent variables as weights of stomach-compartments, heart, liver, kidneys, and spleen were analyzed. Growth of forestomachs, and especially rumen mucosa, relative to body weight was stimulated only in feeding periods of solid foods. Gain, intake of solid food, and final body weight were the best predictors for growth of forestomach-compartments, liver, and heart, respectively. Correlations were large between ruminoreticulum weight and liver weight and among weights of forestomach-compartments. Second degree polynomials were fitted to predict the curvilinear relationships between solid-food intake and either ruminoreticulum weight or rumen mucosal weight, and a linear equation was fitted to predict the relationship between solid-food intake and liver weight. Feeding of roughage increased rumen muscular and omasal weights. Growth of the rumen under stimulation of solid-food intake may be regulated by the same biological factors contributing to increased growth rate of the whole animal. In this situation, growth of the rumen may be correlated closely with growth of the liver.

Animal Feed↗