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Biomedical subjects

S Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Maeda.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in men with gonococcal urethritis.

A significant association of Mycoplasma genitalium with non-gonococcal urethritis has been reported, but the prevalence of this mycoplasma in men with gonococcal urethritis has not been so well studied. In this study, we examined urethral swab specimens from 45 Japanese male patients with gonococcal urethritis for the presence of M. genitalium by using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay. We also sought Chlamydia trachomatis by an enzyme immunoassay (Chlamydiazyme). Of the 45 specimens, 2 (4.4%) were positive for the mycoplasma and 12 (26.7%) were positive for C. trachomatis. The findings suggest that M. genitalium may be a cause not only of non-gonococcal urethritis but also of postgonococcal urethritis.

Gonorrhea↗
PubMed1996

Classification of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the common tree shrew (Tupaia glis).

The classification of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium was carried out in the common tree shrew (Tupaia glis). The tree shrew captured in Thailand were fixed with Bouin's fixative, embedded in paraffin wax, and stained with PAS-hematoxylin. The cycle was classified into twelve stages on the basis of the acrosomal changes of spermatids. Relative frequencies of stages form I to XII were 11.9, 7.2, 8.9, 22.5, 12.9, 9.7, 8.0, 5.9, 4.0, 3.2, 2.9, and 3.6%, respectively. Different stages did no appear in a cross-sectioned tubule as did in primates. The head of matured spermatid was discoidal in shape and different from that of primates and rodents. Spermatogenesis of the common tree shrew is different from that of primates and rodents according to its morphological features.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Vibrotactile TTS of fingertip vibratory sensation from hand-transmitted vibration having the same equal equivalent tool vibration levels according to the JIS B 4900 determination method.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the temporary threshold shifts in fingertip vibratory sensation produced by hand-transmitted vibrations that have the same equivalent tool vibration levels according to the JIS B 4900 determination method. The JIS B 4900 standard is based on vibration exposure dose values. Therefore, even though the vibration exposure pattern is varied, the severity of vibration at the end of vibration exposure has a same value if the equivalent tool vibration level is unchanged. The experiment was conducted by using four kinds of hand-transmitted vibration patterns as stimuli. As a result, although the vibration transmitted to the hand by steady continuous vibration, intermittent vibration with short pauses, intermittent vibration with long pauses and repeated single bursts of vibration all have the same equivalent tool vibration levels (equal vibration exposure dose value) according to the JIS B 4900 determination method, the TTS after vibration exposure did not produce the same value. Therefore, these results suggest that the determination methods of the JIS B 4900 standard are not adequate for describing the vibration exposure dose value.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The role of DNase and EDTA on DNA degradation in formaldehyde fixed tissues.

Degradation and extraction of high molecular weight DNA from formaldehyde fixed tissues suitable for gene analysis are presented. We previously reported that DNase might play an important role in the degradation of DNA extracted from formaldehyde fixed tissues (Tokuda et al. 1990). In the present study, DNase activity of the supernatant from rat tissues fixed in buffered formaldehyde at room temperature was negligible within 3 hr. Analysis of DNA extracted from reconstituted chromatin revealed that the degradation increased in the absence of DNase depending on the duration of the formaldehyde fixation. Furthermore, high molecular weight DNA could be extracted from tissues devoid of DNase activity fixed in buffered formaldehyde containing EDTA. These results demonstrated that DNA degradation was due mainly to a mechanism other than DNAse which was inhibited by EDTA. For clinical application, v-H-ras gene was successfully detected by Southern blotting from rat spleen tissues fixed in buffered formaldehyde especially at 4 C. Fixation at low temperature is useful for gene analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Clinicopathologic study of mitral regurgitation due to abnormal chordae tendineae].

Severe mitral regurgitation (MR) due to abnormal chordae tendineae as a primary cause is rare. This clinicopathologic study included four such cases which occurred among 6,500 consecutive autopsies on persons older than 60 years. This paper describes three of these cases. Case 1 was a 76-year-old woman with congestive heart failure, MR and atrial fibrillation. She died of acute myocardial infarction. The heart weighed 360 g. Mitral regurgitation was caused by a thick and long abnormal chorda originating from the posteromedial papillary muscle and protruding into the atrial surface of the middle scallop of the posterior mitral leaflet associated with prolapsed anterior mitral leaflet. Case 2 was an 81-year-old woman with MR and congestive heart failure. She died of acute myocardial infarction. The heart weighed 480 g. There were abnormal chordae tendineae with very few branches at the posterior commissure. Parts of both mitral leaflets on the sides of posterior commissure were also prolapsed. Case 3 was a 91-year-old man with MR and atrial fibrillation. He died of congestive heart failure. The heart weighed 530 g. Abnormal chordae tendineae with reticular structures originated from the anterolateral papillary muscle and protruded into the anterior mitral leaflet, which induced severe MR. These cases had abnormally protruding chordae tendineae, abnormal branching, and abnormal structures of the chordae tendineae, respectively. These abnormal chordae tendineae were considered to be congenital anomalies. Clinically all patients had a holosystolic murmur (Levine III-IV degrees), refractory congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The etiology of the MR in these three patients was suspected to be ruptured chordae tendineae demonstrated on echocardiograms. These patients had heavy hearts (mean 457 g) with enlarged left atria and thickened mitral valves, which corresponded to the appearance of severe MR.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Determination of free type and complex type prostate-specific antigen (PSA): differences in immunorecognition by Delfia PSA, ACS-PSA and Eiken PA kits].

To study immunorecognition of free type and complex type prostate-specific antigen (PSA) by current commercial PSA assays, sera from 3 patients with stage D2 prostate cancer were separated by Sephacryl S-200 chromatography and determined by Delfia PSA, ACS-PSA and Eiken PA kits. Two antibodies used in the 3 kits are 2 monoclonal, 1 monoclonal and 1 polyclonal and 2 polyclonal antibodies, respectively. Following chromatography, two PSA peaks were obtained in all patients. One was about 100 kDa and the other about 30 kDa. The former was considered to be the complex type PSA (complex with alpha-1 antichymotrypsin) and the latter to be free type PSA. As to free type PSA, the ACS-PSA kit and Eiken PA kit quantitated PSA values approximately 5.1 and 2.5 times higher than the Delfia PSA kit. For complex type PSA, the quantity determined by ACS-PSA kit was approximately 1.3 times higher than that determined by the Delfia PSA kit, while the quantity determined by the Eiken PA kit was about one third of that determined by Delfia PSA kit. The ratio of complex type PSA to total PSA (free type PSA + complex type PSA) was 74.8 +/- 14.9% (mean +/- SD) when determined by Delfia PSA kit, 59.3 +/- 18.4% by ACS-PSA kit and 52.9 +/- 13.8% by Eiken PA kit. The range of this ratio determined by ACS-PSA kit was from 47.3% to 80.5% in the 3 patients. These findings suggest that there are qualitative differences in immunorecognition of free type PSA and complex type PSA among current commercial PSA assays and that there are quantitative differences in the ratio of the 2 forms of PSA in serum among prostatic cancer patients. The measurement and follow-up of both free type and complex type PSA might be important for diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Two cases of clear cell tumor of the lung].

We report two cases of benign clear cell tumor of the lung, which were found as well-circumscribed lesions on chest X-ray films without any symptoms, and removed surgically. Light microscopy showed proliferation of clear cells filled with glycogen in both cases. Immunohistochemical examination performed in a case suggested that the tumor cells might be associated to a derivation from neural and/or smooth muscle cells, because of positive staining for NSE and SMA. In another case, the tumor formed a necrotic cavity, which could be detected by the preoperative MRI examination. This report might introduce a note of caution for the pathologic and radiographic diversity of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Chest wall Castleman's disease with massive pleural effusion].

A 38-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to dyspnea. A chest X-ray film showed a right-sided chest wall tumor and a massive pleural effusion. A sharply defined round tumor, 5 cm in diameter, was seen on a chest CT scan; this tumor was strongly stained by contrast medium. Angiography showed a feeding artery and strong tumor staining. Gallium scintigraphy showed no accumulation. The tumor was resected, after which the retention of pleural fluid stopped. The pathological diagnosis was hyaline vascular type Castleman's disease. In this case, hyaline vascular type Castleman's disease manifested on the chest wall as a vessel-rich tumor; can cause retention of pleural fluid without the syndrome of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

An ultrastructural and lectin-histochemical study on the seminiferous epithelium of the common tree shrew (Tupaia glis).

The seminiferous epithelium of the common tree shrew (Tupaia glis) was investigated using transmission electron microscopy and lectin-histochemistry. It was compared with that of shrews examined in previous studies. Some peculiar structures were detected in the tree shrew spermatid at the electron microscopic level. The most characteristic feature was the disposition of mitochondria in early spermatids. In cap and early acrosome-phase spermatids, mitochondria accumulated in one area of the spermatid cytoplasm and then dispersed in the late acrosome phase. Subsequently they again clustered to form the middle piece of spermatozoa. While the lamellar structure was clearly seen in the caudal region of the spermatid nucleus, it gradually disappeared during the process of elongation. The dilated area in the postacrosomal space of early round spermatids was also characteristic. The dilation was not detected in elongated spermatids. These structures were not recognised in the seminiferous epithelium of shrews. With respect to lectin histochemistry, the binding patterns in the spermatid acrosome of the tree shrew were similar to those of the musk shrew. However, PNA and BPA, which reacted with the Sertoli cell cytoplasm of the musk shrew, showed no reaction in the tree shrew Sertoli cell. Thus, except for some lectin binding patterns in the spermatid acrosome, no close similarity was recognised in the morphology of the seminiferous epithelium between tree shrews and shrews.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1996

The effects of the beta-adrenergic-blocking agents, timolol and carteolol, on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in Japanese glaucoma patients.

PURPOSE: To determine whether two topical beta-blockers, timolol and carteolol, differently affect plasma lipids and lipoproteins in normolipidemic Japanese patients with glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three normolipidemic patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomly allocated to and completed 16 weeks of bilateral treatment with 0.5% timolol, 1.0% carteolol, or 2.0% carteolol twice daily in a three-center, prospective study. Patients using any drugs affecting plasma lipids or with a history of beta-blocker use of hyperlipoproteinemia were excluded. Fasting blood lipids and lipoproteins, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and apoproteins, were measured three times before therapy was initiated. These measurements were repeated every 4 weeks during the treatment period. RESULTS: The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased in the timolol treatment group but did not change in the carteolol treatment groups. The ratio of total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the timolol treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Topical beta-blockers do affect plasma lipids in Japanese patients with glaucoma. The effects of timolol are greater than those of carteolol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

[Subfractionation of serum high density lipoproteins and its clinical significance].

Serum concentrations of HDL subfractions, LpAI and LpAI:AII, were simultaneously determined simply, specifically and rapidly by use of rocket immunoelectrophoresis with the home-made gel plates. The method was reproducible, and the results correlated well with those obtained with Sebia's kits. The normal levels of LpAI were 57 +/- 13 mg/dl in males and 59 +/- 15 mg/dl in females. LpAI levels were significantly lower in patients with renal failure and atherosclerosis, and tended to decrease in hepatic diseases than those in normal subjects. The levels of LpAI:AII were also decreased in these three diseased groups. Decreases in LpAI levels were more slightly in patients with hepatic or renal diseases than those in LpAI:AII levels. On the contrary, decrease in LpAI level was more markedly in patients with atherosclerosis than that in the other subfraction. The results in the present study suggest that the determination of HDL subfractions will be useful for diagnosis of various diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Differentiation of antinociceptive effects of mu, delta and kappa agonists using heat, chemical and mechanical nociception].

The antinociceptive properties of mu (D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol, enkephalin, DAGO), delta (D-Ala2, D-leu5, enkephalin, DADL) and kappa (dynorphin, DYN) were assessed using hot plate (heat), acetic acid-induced writhing (chemical) and tail pinch (mechanical) assays in mice. Test drug and control treatments were given by cisternal injection in a dose volume of 10 microliters.mouse-1. DAGO and DADL produced steep dose-response lines in all the tests. DYN did not produce a consistent antinociceptive effect on the tail pinch test. Utilizing these three different types of assays, the rank order of antinociceptive potency for these three opioids was DAGO > DADL > DYN. The responses to the hot plate and writhing assays were completely inhibited by the same dose of DAGO. DADL displayed equal antinociceptive effects in the hot plate and writhing tests. In the tail pinch assay, however, antinociceptive potency of DAGO was 1/3 less than in other two assays, and DADL was also 1/10 less than in the others. The rank order of antinociceptive potency for DYN in different noxia was the writhing > hot plate >> tail pinch. It was concluded that there are differences in the potency of mu-, delta- and kappa-agonists even when the intensities of chemical and heat noxia are equal. It was also proposed that antinociceptive potencies against mechanical noxia is greatly different among mu-, delta- and kappa-agonists.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1996

[Transverse lesion of the spinal cord due to mucormycosis in an AML patient].

A 54 year old man complained exertional dyspnea and palpitation since November 1989. As he was diagnosed with marked anemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia by his work place doctor, he was admitted to our hospital. Acute myelogenous leukemia was diagnosed based on laboratory findings. BHAC-DMP, BHAC-MEP and A triple V therapies were only partially effective. Fine nodular shadows in all lung fields and a semicircular mass in the right lower lobe next to the thoracic vertebra were evident on the chest X-P since the end of March 1990. He was treated with antibiotics and amphotericin B but the abnormal lung shadows did not disappear. He had sudden onset of paraplegia and loss of all sensation below Th6 on May 1. Aparavertebral mass in the right lower lobe was detected by CT and MRI, for which radiotherapy was performed but without improvement. He died of respiratory failure on May 12. Autopsy showed that the semicircular paravertebral mass continued to the main pulmonary vein and epidural area of the thoracic cord (Th6-8). Microscopically, mucormycosis was found. Necrosis due to mucor embolism was found in the thoracic cord. It is usually difficult to diagnose mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients while they are alive. It is important to suspect mucormycosis if any infarction symptoms or infections resistant to antibiotics develop in immunocompromised patients.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1996

[Prognosis in stage a prostate cancer].

In 39 hospitals in the Tokai region of Japan, 815 cases with prostatic cancer were registered between 1988 and 1991, 91 of which (13.3%) were diagnosed as stage A. Eighty cases of stage A cancer were subclassified into stage A1 (33 cases) or stage A2 (47 cases). A detailed investigation was performed on these 80 subclassified cases with respect to tumor markers, treatment methods and prognosis. The tumor marker, prostate specific antigen (PSA) was positive in 18.5% of the A1 cases and 53.8% of the A2 cases. Endocrine therapy was administered in 45.5% of the A1 and 78.7% of the A2 cases. There was 1 (3.0%) case of progression in the stage A1 group, and 2 cases in stage A2 group. The 5-year survival rate was 97.0% for stage A1 and 88.6% for stage A2. The prognosis of prostatic cancer in stage A was fairly good in both the A1 and A2 subclasses in our series.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Structure and function of DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) gene and its product].

The DCC gene is one of several genes altered during tumorigenesis. Recent studies demonstrate the existence of 29 exons and it spans 1.4 Mb. DCC gene is a candidate tumor-suppressor gene encoding a protein with a sequence similarity to cell adhesion molecule. Although the mutation of DCC gene was few, high incidence of LOH and decreased mRNA expression in colorectal cancer especially with hepatic metastasis was observed. These DCC gene abnormalities possibly be related to predictive marker for liver metastasis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[A study of surgical treatment in lung cancer over 75 years of age-effect of epidural anesthesia for protection of postoperative coughing disturbance].

29 patients over 75 years of age in 221 patients undergoing resection of lung cancer from January of 1990 through December of 1994 were studied for the occurrence of expectoration disturbance (atelectasis), the effect of epidural anesthesia for protection of it. Atelectasis was observed in 8 (27.6%) of 29. In a group received epidural anesthesia (EA) during the early postoperative phase, 1 of 5 patients developed atelectasis. In 192 patients below 75 years of age, atelectasis was observed in 40 (20.8%) of them, so in a group received epidural anesthesia (EA) during the early postoperative phase, only 2 of 42 patients (4.8%) developed atelectasis. This value was significantly lower than that value (25.3%) in a group without EA. In conclusion, in the group below 75 years of age, EA during the early postoperative phase may be useful in inhibiting the occurrence of atelectasis, an important one of the postoperative lung complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Studies on changes in the ratio of free to total PSA after endocrine treatment of prostate carcinoma].

The post-diagnostic changes in the free to total PSA ratio in the serum of patients with prostate carcinoma, after the initiation of endocrine treatment were examined. Two-week pretreatment with either chlormadinone acetate (100 mg/day) or flutamide (375 ng/day) was administered orally to 14 patients with newly diagnosed advanced prostate carcinoma (clinical stage was C in 2, Dl in 1 and D2 in 11). Then the LH-RH analogue was injected. Total and free PSA in the serum of these patients were measured every 4 weeks by the Ab bead PSA (Eiken) and the recently developed assay for free PSA by Eiken, respectively. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 9 months with a median of 6 months. Levels of both total and free PSAs decreased significantly following the endocrine treatment, while free to total PSA ratio at 4 to 16 weeks after the start of LH-RH analogue was increased significantly compared to the pretreatment level (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the rate of decrease of complex PSA during the first 4 months after the beginning of treatment may exceed that of free PSA in the serum of patients with advanced prostate carcinoma initially treated with endocrine therapy.

Aged↗