[Is the incidence of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in young patients increasing?].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Madsbad
Publications and source records attributed to S Madsbad.
Effects of androgens on oxygen affinity in vivo and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content of red cells in peripheral arterial insufficiency.
The effect of testosterone on the red cell concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and on the in vivo oxygen affinity of venous blood was investigated. Six male patients with peripheral arteriosclerosis received 500 mg testosterone enantas intramuscularly for 15 weeks. Six matched controls received 2 ml NaCl weekly for the same period of time. The hemoglobin concentration, the hematocrit, and the 2,3-DPG concentration increased significantly during testosterone treatment, while no significant changes in the oxygen affinity could be detected. It is concluded that testosterone in the doses applied here does not improve oxygen unloading from the blood.
Aged↗
Polymorphonuclear leucocyte dysfunction during short term metabolic changes from normo- to hyperglycemia in type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetic patients.
Polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) ingestion of particles coated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli was compared to other PMN functions in seven patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during short-term controlled metabolic changes from normo- to hyperglycemia without ketoacidosis. Factors known to interfere with PMN functions were excluded. PMN ingestion of particles coated with both LPS and bovine serum albumin became reduced from normo- to hyperglycemia. PMN motility was impaired in IDDM, but did not seem to be affected by short-term changes in metabolic control. PMN metabolism did not change from normo-to hyperglycemia. Particle-uptake by diabetic PMN is impaired after short term hyperglycemia in the range normally occurring in diabetics in every-day life.
Adult↗
Diurnal profiles of intermediary metabolites in insulin-dependent diabetes and their relationship to different degrees of residual B-cell function.
Diurnal profiles of blood metabolites, insulin and C-peptide were measured in 18 insulin dependent diabetics with less than 2-year duration of disease. Seventeen of the 18 patients had endogenous insulin secretion. A significant inverse correlation was found between mean C-peptide and mean blood glucose. Patients with maximal C-peptide equal to or above 0.30 pmol/ml had a better degree of control evaluated from mean blood glucose in spite of being treated with less insulin compared to patients with less B-cell function. The mean concentrations of alanine, lactate, glycerol and beta-hydroxybutyrate were not different in patients with CPR equal to or above 0.30 pmol/ml compared to patients with less CPR. The highest concentration in blood hydroxybutyrate for all the patients was seen in the fasting state, and the disappearance rate of blood hydroxybutyrate after breakfast was inversely correlated with the residual B-cell function. During the study period the mean insulin concentration in the diabetics and the normals was the same, but the brisk increase in insulin concentration related to meals was decreased or lost in the diabetics. Compared to normals the mean blood glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate and glycerol were higher in the diabetics and the diurnal changes were grossly abnormal. No difference was found in alanine concentration and mean lactate concentration, but the increase in lactate seen after meals in normals was lost in the diabetics. The results confirm that other metabolites than glucose are abnormal in diabetics and that residual B-cell function has metabolic consequences for other metabolites than glucose during daily life conditions.
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
Reproducibility of the glucagon test.
The influence of the fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentration on the beta-cell responsiveness to glucagon was studied twice in 9 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with residual beta-cell function. At a FBG of 7.7 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (mean +/- SEM) all patients displayed a preserved beta-cell function with a plasma C-peptide concentration of 0.25 +/- 0.03 nmol/l 6 min after an i.v. injection of glucagon. In contrast, at a FBG of 3.2 +/- 0.01 mmol/l 4 out of 9 patients would have been classified as not having an endogenous insulin secretion. All the patients had the lowest 6 min C-peptide concentration 0.06 +/- 0.01 nmol/l on the day with the lowest blood glucose concentration. The reproducibility of the glucagon test was assessed by comparing the results from two test days in 12 insulin-dependent, 9 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 6 normal subjects. The 6 min plasma C-peptide concentration, the peak plasma C-peptide concentration, and the area under the plasma C-peptide curves were not different on the two test days in any subgroup. In all diabetic patients and normal subjects, the 6 min plasma C-peptide concentration (r = 0.93, coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.16), the peak plasma C-peptide concentration (r = 0.93, CV = 0.16) and the area under the plasma C-peptide curve (r = 0.94, CV = 0.16) were all significantly correlated. The results show that the prevailing FBG significantly affects the outcome of the glucagon test and confirm its reproducibility.
Adolescent↗
Influence of smoking on insulin requirement and metbolic status in diabetes mellitus.
This study was performed in order to examine the influence of tobacco smoking on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and microangiopathy in diabetic patients with normal serum creatinine. Among 163 adult insulin-treated patients 114 smoked daily (smokers). Compared with nonsmokers, smokers had on the average a 15--20% higher insulin requirement (P < 0.001) and serum triglyceride concentration (P < 0.05), increasing to a 30% rise in heavy smokers (P < 0.01). The degree of retinopathy was equal in the two groups, as was the average creatinine clearance [99 +/- 2 (mean +/- 1 SEM) versus 101 +/- 4 ml/min in smokers compared with nonsmokers]. Smokers and nonsmokers were comparable regarding sex ratio, age at diabetic onset, duration of diabetes, residual beta-cell function, fasting hyperglycemia, and glycosuria. Evidently, tobacco smoking represents a strain on both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in insulin-treated diabetes mellitus.
Adult↗
Hypoglycemia and hemostatic parameters in juvenile-onset diabetes.
Hypoglycemia was induced by intravenous infusion of insulin in six juvenile-onset diabetic subjects. Hemostatic parameters were assessed before insulin infusion and 0, 1, and 2 h after discontinuation of insulin infusion. The onset of hypoglycemia coincided with an enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in five of the patients; platelet aggregation returned to normal levels during the next 2 h. The recalcification time was significantly shortened at the onset of hypoglycemia and continued to decrease for the next 2 h despite the return of serum glucose to normal levels. Correspondingly, a significant increase in fibrinogen was found. The ethanol gelation test was positive in two patients 2 h after stopping insulin infusion. Platelet counts decreased significantly after stopping insulin infusion. Thus, insulin-induced hypoglycemia markedly affects hemostatic balance and may potentially lead to intravascular coagulation in juvenile-onset diabetic patients.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗