Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S M Sobol

Publications and source records attributed to S M Sobol.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Amiodarone in the treatment of refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Importance and safety of initial high-dose therapy.

Large initial doses of amiodarone hydrochloride for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias refractory to conventional therapy were demonstrated to shorten the time to achieve control of the arrhythmia. As compared with a lower-dose regimen, the mean time to achieve partial control (suppression of ventricular tachycardia) was 10.6 +/- 5.2 days in the highest-dose group (group C), 9.5 +/- 6.4 days in the medium-dose group (group B), and 16.9 +/- 9.1 days in the lowest-dose group (group A). Complete control (suppression of virtually all ventricular ectopy) was similarly earlier in groups B and C (16.1 +/- 7.5 days and 16.0 +/- 11.3 days, respectively) as compared with group A (31.0 +/- 10.1 days). The final mean dose for long-term treatment was independent of the initial dose schedule (551 +/- 245 mg/day; range, 200 to 1,200 mg/day). The large doses were shown to be well tolerated and without serious side effects.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1983

Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity.

Of the side effects that complicate amiodarone therapy, pulmonary fibrosis is potentially the most serious. Therefore, the development of techniques to predict the onset of this troublesome reaction would be of great practical value. Reports of 39 patients who developed pulmonary toxicity with amiodarone were evaluated for clues to precipitating factors and information on the response to corticosteroid treatment. The majority of patients were being given maintenance doses greater than 400 mg/day. Patients appeared to improve after withdrawal of amiodarone, both with and without corticosteroid treatment. In addition, a case report is presented of a patient who developed pulmonary changes that disappeared when amiodarone was withdrawn and did not recur when amiodarone was reinstituted. Data from sequential pulmonary function tests and cumulative amiodarone dosage in 35 patients were also examined to determine their value in predicting pulmonary complications. Pulmonary function tests did not appear to be useful in predicting the likelihood of an individual patient's developing pulmonary complications. Although none of the available information identifies the mechanism mediating amiodarone pulmonary toxicity, the frequency of the complication probably can be reduced by timely reductions in maintenance dosage.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1983

Increased left ventricular ejection fraction after a meal: potential source of error in performance of radionuclide angiography.

The effect of a standardized meal on left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was determined by equilibrium radionuclide angiography in 16 patients with stable congestive heart failure but without pulmonary or valvular heart disease. LVEF was determined in the fasting state and 15, 30, and 45 minutes after a meal. Patients with moderately depressed fasting LVEF (30 to 50%), Group I, had a mean increase of 6.9 +/- 2.9% (p less than 0.005) in the LVEF at 45 minutes after the meal. Patients with severely depressed fasting LVEF (less than 30%), Group II, had no change after the meal. It is concluded that significant increases in LVEF may occur after meals in patients with moderate but not severe left ventricular dysfunction. Equilibrium radionuclide angiography studies that are not standardized for patients' mealtimes may introduce an important unmeasured variable that will affect the validity of data in serial studies of left ventricular function.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Amiodarone neuropathy.

Amiodarone, a drug used to treat refractory cardiac arrhythmias, produced a peripheral neuropathy in 5 of 50 cases (10%). Although the neuropathy may be severe, it tends to improve with lowering of the dosage or discontinuation of the medication.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Laryngeal transposition flap for reconstruction of large oral cavity defects.

Resection of the entire tongue and floor of the mouth, with or without the anterior mandibular arch, may necessitate sacrifice of the larynx to prevent life-threatening aspiration and poses a significant reconstructive dilemma. Regional cutaneous or myocutaneous flaps can provide adequate healthy tissue for repair, but share the inherent disadvantage of resurfacing the oral cavity with skin (which may be hair bearing), rather than mucosa. Moreover, cutaneous flaps usually necessitate a planned orocutaneous fistula and secondary closure, and bulky myocutaneous flaps may interfere with oral competence. Larynx transposition has been used for some time at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center to repair selected large oral cavity defects resulting from resection of the entire tongue and floor of the mouth. This report illustrates the laryngeal transposition flap which is developed from the skeletonized, laryngofissured larynx based on the superior laryngeal arteriovenous pedicle. The advantages and disadvantages of this technique, as compared with alternative methods of reconstruction, are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

The transverse cervical trapezius myocutaneous island flap.

The transverse cervical trapezius myocutaneous island flap has demonstrated superior versatility and reliability when used in a series of eight patients. The technique differs from the previously described lateral trapezius myocutaneous flap in that the skin is centered more posterosuperior in the neck and is completely undersurfaced by a larger paddle of trapezius muscle. Experience has shown that surgical defects of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and skin of the cheek may be repaired with this flap with an acceptable incidence of complications. The advantages and disadvantages of this flap compared with other popular myocutaneous flaps are discussed.

Cheek↗
PubMed1982

An approach to total maxillectomy with emphasis on orbital preservation.

In view of recent reports suggesting that the orbital contents may be preserved in total maxillectomy for maxillary sinus carcinoma in cases where gross tumor is not found to invade the orbital periosteum, a technique has been presented that emphasizes the preservation of the orbital contents with the restoration of function. The main differences between this technique and the classical one are (1) a modified incision designed to reduce lower lid complications, (2) the preservation of the malar eminence, (3) the preservation of the premaxilla and teeth, and (4) the use of lyophilized dura as a sling for the remaining orbital contents.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis associated with amiodarone treatment: a possible complication of a new antiarrhythmic drug.

Six patients are presented who developed pulmonary infiltrates of undetermined origin while being treated for severe ventricular arrhythmias with amiodarone hydrochloride. Biopsy material was available in four patients and revealed interstitial or alveolar fibrosis and pneumonitis. Four patients recovered and two died of severe cardiopulmonary decompensation; all of the patients who recovered received corticosteroid therapy. Pulmonary fibrosis is a previously unreported complication of amiodarone therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Amiodarone.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1979

Nutritional concepts in the management of the head and neck cancer patient. I. Basic concepts.

Proper nutritional management has assumed an increasingly important role in the care of cancer patients in recent years. Head and neck cancer creates disturbances in host nutritional balances. Profound nutritional depletion and cachexia are induced by local and distant effects of head and neck carcinoma. Radiation, chemotherapy and surgery tend to compromise the host further by compounding these nutritional deficits. This paper reviews the factors responsible for the malnutrition associated with head and neck malignancy, and discusses the current methods available for identifying and following the nutritionally depleted patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Nutritional concepts in the management of the head and neck cancer patient. II. Management concepts.

Essential to the management of the head and neck cancer patient is carefully monitored nutritional support. Traditionally, enteral alimentation, using the nasogastric feeding tube, has been the mainstay of treatment. Tube feedings should provide ample amounts of essential nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and adequate calories and protein. Knowledge of the tube feedings available and problems associated with their administration helps to avoid the pitfalls which limit their effectiveness. The inadequacies of enteral alimentation preclude its use in selected circumstances of severe nutritional depletion. Parenteral hyperalimentation, as a primary or adjuvant mode of therapy, may be capable of rapidly reversing deficits, improving postoperative morbidity and increasing tolerance to radiation and chemotherapy. Postoperative deglutition abnormalities may prolong the nutritional problems of head and neck cancer patients as well.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early gold weight lid implant for rehabilitation of faulty eyelid closure with facial paralysis: an alternative to tarsorrhaphy.

Although tarsorrhaphy has been the mainstay of treatment for lagophthalmus associated with facial paralysis, it has many drawbacks which make it a less than ideal procedure. Gold weight implantation is a functionally and cosmetically superior alternative in many patients. Eighteen patients with both reversible and irreversible facial (eyelid) paralysis underwent early gold weight implantation for rehabilitation of faulty eyelid closure with satisfactory results. The advantages and disadvantages of this technique, when compared with other methods of correcting paralytic lagophthalmus, are discussed.

Blinking↗