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Biomedical subjects

S M Koethe

Publications and source records attributed to S M Koethe.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Acquired angioedema associated with rectal carcinoma and its response to danazol therapy. Acquired angioedema treated with danazol.

Cases of the acquired form of angioedema have been recognized as a separate entity since 1972. Previously reported cases have been related to various hematologic malignancies. We have recently studied a patient with rectal carcinoma who manifests a complement pattern compatible with the acquired form of angioedema. No previous personal or family history of allergic disease or angioedema was present. Because the episodes of angioedema were laryngeal in location and required emergency intubation to maintain an adequate airway, a trial of danazol prophylaxis, which has been shown to be effective in hereditary angioedema, was undertaken. His beneficial response to this form of therapy is also documented.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

The prevalence of HLA-B7 in presumed ocular histoplasmosis.

Eighteen patients with the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome were typed for HLA histocompatability antigens and 78% were found to have the B7 antigen. This data implies an underlying immunogenic predisposition to the development of the clinical eye findings and active posterior pole lesions in the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. It is likely that some feature of the immune system of these patients renders them more susceptible either to the initial infection or to a later activation of posterior pole lesions mediated through immunologic mechanisms.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Some hemodynamic determinants of immune complex trapping by the kidney.

This study was undertaken to help clarify the relationship between capillary hemodynamic events and the tissue uptake of circulating immune complexes (IC). In each of 23 dogs, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and rabbit antiBSA soluble IC labeled with 125I were given by constant i.v. infusion, and IC uptake by a normally perfused kidney was compared to that of the contralateral kidney in which renal blood flow (RBF) was changed by renal artery constriction or raised ureteral pressure. In these same animals, IC uptake in 15 other major organ systems was also measured simultaneously. During IC infusion microspheres of 85Sr were injected to measure cardiac output and tissue blood flow, and red cells labeled with 51Cr were infused to mark tissue vascular volume. At completion of the IC infusion, tissue samples were taken from the kidneys and the 15 other major organs systems. From the isotope content of each tissue, we determined IC content, blood flow rate, vascular transit time, and fractional uptake of IC (FIC). In addition, glomeruli were isolated from renal cortex to assess IC uptake in glomerular versus renal nonglomerular tissue. We found that 1) for kidney, IC delivery rate, capillary hydrostatic pressure, and capillary ultrafiltration rate are less important than the plasma IC concentration in determining IC uptake; 2) for each organ studied, the principal determinant of IC uptake per gram of tissue, at any given PIC, is vascular volume per gram of tissue; 3) tissue vascular volume per gram of tissue may determine IC uptake per gram of tissue because tissue vascular volume determines the capillary surface area in contact with circulating IC or because tissue vascular volume determines tissue vascular transit time, at any given tissue blood flow rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Relations between surface charge and in vitro lysis of red blood cells in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

The effects of neuraminadase on the electrophoretic mobility and in vitro lysis of PNH, glutathione treated and normal erythrocytes was determined. Neuraminidase strongly affected the in vitro haemolysis of PNH and glutathione treated erythrocytes by substantially elevating the lysis in the Ham acid test while virtually eliminating lysis in the sucrose test. Findings suggest that membrane bound sialic acid or the level of cell surface charge may have a role in the susceptibility of PNH erythrocytes to complement mediated lysis.

Complement C4↗
PubMed1976

Alternative complement pathway activity in sera from patients with sickle cell disease.

The low molecular weight cobra venom factor (CoVF) was used to activate the terminal sequence of the alternative complement pathway in thirty-one sera from patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The SCD sera were compared with normal sera as a source of the alternative complement pathway factors C3 proactivator (C3PA) and C3PA convertase. These factors are required for formation of the enzymatically active CoVF-C3PA complex which is capable of cleaving C3 and thus initiating generation of the cytolytic C5b-9 complex. CoVF cofactor activity was significantly less than normal in SCD sera as measured in an indirect lysis assay, indicating reduced C3PA or C3PA convertase activity in these sera. Qualitative (immunoelectrophoresis) and quantitative (radial immunodiffusion) measurement of C3PA showed, however, that this protein is normal or elevated in SCD sera. Taken together, the reduced CoVF cofactor activity and normal or elevated C3PA in SCD sera suggests that sera from patients with sickle cell disease have reduced C3PA convertase activity.

Adolescent↗