Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S M Kim

Publications and source records attributed to S M Kim.

216 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The primary structure of porcine Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase. Evidence for allotypes of superoxide dismutase in pigs.

Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase was purified to homogeneity from mixed pig blood and from a single pig. The isolated product had an absorption ratio 280/260 nm of 0.91, a specific activity of 3 000 +/- 200 units (cytochrome c reduction test), and an isoelectric point of 7.5 (chromatofocusing) or 7.25 (isoelectric focusing), respectively. Sequence determination was performed by automated solid-phase Edman degradation of fragments of the reduced S-carboxymethylated proteins obtained by digestion with trypsin or Staphylococcus aureus proteinase V8 or treatment with cyanogen bromide. Acetylation of the N-terminus was confirmed by comparing high performance liquid chromatography retention times of N-terminal peptides with those of authentic samples. Sequencing of the superoxide dismutase of mixed porcine blood revealed heterogeneity (70% Leu; 30% Val at position 29), whereas the sample derived from a single French pig proved to be homogeneous (100% Leu at position 29). The complete sequence of pig superoxide dismutase comprised 152 amino-acid residues, which corresponds to a theoretical molecular mass of 15 800 Da per subunit, and exhibited the expected high homology with those of other mammals. The aspartate and all 7 histidine residues known to complex the metal ions in bovine superoxide dismutase are conserved in the porcine sequence at the homologous positions Asp82 and His45, His47, His62, His70, His79, His119, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Chemical, enzymological and pharmacological equivalence of urokinases isolated from genetically transformed bacteria and human urine.

Low molecular weight urokinase (LUK), which was prepared from E. coli containing a plasmid coding for human pro-urokinase, has an amino acid sequence identical to that of LUK isolated from human urine (uLUK) but lacks the carbohydrate side chain at Asn 144 of the B chain. This chemical difference results in an altered mobility in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and an apparently increased specific activity of the E. coli-derived product (cLUK) in diffusion-limited test systems (fibrin agar plate tests). Comparative enzymological investigations in homogeneous phases reveal that the active centers and the substrate recognition sites of cLUK and uLUK are congruent. No significant difference between the enzymes was detectable in the following parameters: Michaelis constants and maximum velocities with the synthetic substrate S-2444; activation rates of human and porcine plasminogen; specificity for ten chromogenic substrates; inhibition constants for the competitive inhibitor benzamidine; inhibition by placental urokinase inhibitor and polyclonal antibodies. Further, cLUK and uLUK dissolved fibrin clots prepared from human plasma in vitro with essentially identical velocities. Both, cLUK and uLUK efficiently lysed injected emboli in rabbits and prevented renal fibrin deposition and death due to endotoxin infusion in rats. It is concluded that cLUK, despite the lack of the carbohydrate side chain, is functionally identical and pharmacologically equivalent to uLUK.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Furazolidone residues in chicken and swine tissues after feeding trials.

Broiler chickens and swine fed furazolidone in their diet were sacrificed, and samples of liver, kidney, skin/fat and muscle were harvested and analyzed for furazolidone residue. Chickens fed 200 g of furazolidone/ton of feed were withdrawn from treatment 21, 14, 7, 5, 3, or 0 days before slaughter. Birds withdrawn from medication more than 5 days prior to slaughter had no residues in any of the tissues sampled. One of the 12 birds in each of the 5 day and 3 day withdrawal groups had detectable residues in the skin/fat. Seven of the 12 birds in the 0 day withdrawal group had residues of less than 2 ppb in skin/fat samples. Chickens fed 400 g furazolidone/ton of feed were withdrawn from treatment 0 days before slaughter. Residues of 0.7 to 3.5 ppb were found in the skin of these birds; residues were not found in other tissues. Swine were fed 300 g furazolidone/ton of feed for 2 weeks or 150 g/ton for 5 weeks. They were withdrawn from treatment 10, 7, 5, 3, or 0 days before slaughter. Tissue samples taken from these swine did not contain detectable furazolidone residues.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

The amino-acid sequence of bovine glutathione peroxidase.

The amino-acid sequence of the seleno-enzyme glutathione peroxidase from bovine erythrocytes was completely determined. Fragmentation of the carboxymethylated protein comprised cleavages with trypsin, with endoproteinase Lys-C, and with cyanogen bromide in 70% formic acid. The resulting peptides were separated by reversed-phase high-performance chromatography or by gel filtration. For sequence determination automated solid or liquid phase techniques of Edman degradation were used. The proper alignment of fragments was experimentally proven in all but one instance. In this case, consistent indirect evidence was provided. The monomer of glutathione peroxidase was shown to consist of 198 amino acids representing a molecular mass ob about 21 900 Da. The active site selenocysteine was localized at position 45. In addition, four cysteine residues were found at positions 74, 91, 111, and 152. The N-terminal part of the sequence obtained revealed a pronounced homology with a partial sequence of the rat liver enzyme. Moreover, tentative sequence data predicted from X-ray crystallographic analysis of bovine glutathione peroxidase were found to agree in about 80% of the residues with the sequence presented. Differences between the predicted and the experimentally determined sequence are discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Isolated proximal musculocutaneous nerve palsy: case report.

Isolated musculocutaneous nerve injury is extremely rare. The few reported cases were associated with heavy exercises and violent extension of the forearm. The lesions in those cases were below the coracobrachialis muscle, involving the biceps, brachialis, and cutaneous nerves of the forearm. This patient's lesion was unique, located proximal to the coracobrachialis. There was no antecedent trauma. At follow-up six weeks and four months after onset of symptoms, significant improvement was noted both clinically and electrophysiologically. Musculocutaneous nerve palsy is important to distinguish in certain differential diagnoses, particularly with C5 or C6 radiculopathy and brachial plexus injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The primary structure of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase from Photobacterium leiognathi: evidence for a separate evolution of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase in bacteria.

The complete amino-acid sequence of the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase of the Photobacterium leiognathi was determined. The fragmentation strategy employed included cyanogen bromide cleavage at its methionine residues and the only tryptophan residue. The S-carboxymethylated chain was further cleaved by means of trypsin, in order to obtain overlapping fragments. For sequence determination automated solid or liquid-phase techniques of Edman degradation were used. C-Terminal amino acids of the entire chain were determined after treatment with carboxypeptidase A. Comparison of the primary structure of this bacterial Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase with the established amino-acid sequences of the other eukaryotic Cu-Zn superoxide dismutases revealed clear homologies. Correspondingly, the Cu-Zn-binding amino-acid residues of the active centre were localized: His45, His47, His70, His79, His125 and Asp91. The two cysteine residues in position 52 and 147 were homologous to the cysteine residues, modelling the essential intrachain disulfide bridge of the corresponding bovine enzyme. As only 25-30% of aligned sequence positions were found to be identical, the enzyme of P. leiognathi shows only a remote phylogenetic relationship towards eukaryotic Cu-Zn superoxide dismutases. When compared to the established phylogenetic tree of the cytochrome c family, this indicates a separate evolution of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase in Photobacterium. Therefore, a natural gene transfer from the eukaryotic host (ponyfish) to the prokaryotic photobacterium, which Martin and Fridovich postulated 1981 (J. Biol. Chem. 256, 6080-6089) on the basis of amino-acid compositions, can be excluded.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Designing prostacyclin analogues.

A series of prostacyclin analogues were synthesized and investigated for influence on blood pressure in rats, in vivo inhibition of platelet aggregation in rats, and in vitro inhibition of platelet aggregation in human platelet-rich plasma. The common feature of the analogues described is a replacement of C1-C4 of prostacyclin by a carboxyphenylene residue. The following structure-activity relationships were obtained. Only the meta-carboxyphenylene derivatives yield substantial prostacyclin activity. The 2,3,4-trinor-1,5-inter-m-phenylene prostacyclin analogues in contrast to the natural prototype are reasonably stable against hydrolysis of the enolether bond. The corresponding 2,3,4-trinor-1,5-inter-m-phenylene analogues of carbaprostacyclin have a somewhat lower specific activity but are superior in stability at acid pH values. With regard to the stereoisomerism at the delta 5 double bond, the Z-isomers of the oxa-cyclic prostacyclin series and the E-isomers of the carba-cyclic prostacyclin series are substantially more active than their counterparts. As with natural prostacyclin, the OH group at C15 has to be present in S-configuration. The "wrong" isomers do not inhibit prostacyclin-dependent effects. Resistance against 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase is achieved by substitutions at or near C15. Optimum specific activity combined with resistance against all known prostaglandin-activating enzymes is observed in prostacyclin and carbaprostacyclin analogues, in which the terminal n-pentyl residue is replaced by cyclohexyl. Duration of action, i.e. lowering of blood pressure in anaesthesized rats and inhibition of platelet aggregation in anaesthesized rats, was investigated with selected analogues in order to check the consequences of chemical and metabolic stabilization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1982

The primary structure of high molecular mass urokinase from human urine. The complete amino acid sequence of the A chain.

The complete sequence of 157 amino acids of the light (A) chain of high molecular mass urokinase from human urine was determined. The fragmentation strategy included cyanogen bromide cleavage of the S-carboxymethylated A chain at the methionine and/or tryptophan residues and use of the specific endoproteinase Lys-C. For sequence determination automated solid- or liquid-phase techniques of Edman degradation were used. C-terminal amino acids of the A chain were determined by consecutive treatment with carboxypeptidase A and B. The amino acid sequence obtained revealed a significant homology to peptide chains of other serine proteinases. Accordingly, the sequence of the A chain can be divided into three domains: 1) The growth factor domain with homologies to murine epidermal growth factor and a particular sequence of bovine clotting factor X, 2) The "kringle" domain with homologies to "kringle" structures, e.g. in plasminogen, and 3) the connecting peptide domain containing the A1 chain of low molecular mass urokinase. Together with the amino acid sequence of the B chain, which was presented by us in an earlier communication, the sequence data presented complete the primary structure of high molecular mass urokinase from human urine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Physical characteristics of human transferrin from small angle neutron scattering.

The technique of small angle neutron scattering has been used to determine the molecular shape, the volume, and the molecular weight of pooled human transferrin in an aqueous solution isotonic with blood. Analysis of the measurements assuming a spheroidal molecular shape indicates that an oblate spheroid with semi-axes of length 46.6 +/- 1.4, 46.6 +/- 1.4 and 15.8 +/- 3.8 A, and a molecular volume of (144 +/- 45) X 10(3) A3 is the best simple approximation to the shape of the transferrin molecule. The radius of gyration, Rg, determined from a Guinier plot is 30.25 +/- 0.49 A, in agreement with Rg calculated for the oblate spheroidal shape. The molecular weight is determined to be (75 +/- 5) X 10(3). The shape-independent molecular volume is found to be (98 +/- 10) X 10(3) A3. The difference in the two volumes suggests that transferrin is not a uniform spheroid but may have a more complex shape.

Hemoglobins↗
PubMed1978

[On separation of isomeres, structural elucidation and pharmacological characterization of 1-(m-methoxyphenyl)-2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-cyclohexan-1-ol (author's transl)].

1-(m-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-cyclohexan-1-ol (L 201) was split into the cis- and trans-isomers and the conformations of the two isomers were determined by 13C-NMR-spectroscopy. Molecule models showed that both conformeres were similar to the geometrical structure of morphine. The adaptation of the morphine structure was better with the more active trans-isomer than with the cis-isomer. Tramadol, the trans-isomer, was separated into its optical antipodes. When tested for analgesia in the electro-stimulation test with mice, all compounds showed analgetic activity. The trans-isomer was more active than the cis-isomer and the (+)-form of the trans-isomer was more active than the (--)-form. Given by s.c. route, the (+)-transisomer E 382 was 1/3 as active as morphine. However, the Straub-tail reaction and the withdrawal jumping tests yielded more favourable results with L 201 and tramadol than with E 382.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1976

Effects of different cereal grains in diets for laying hens on production parameters and liver fat content.

Two experiments were conducted with White Leghorn laying hens to study the effects of different cereal grains on production criteria and liver fat content. The results of Experiment 1, in which pullets 21 weeks of age were used for a period of 22 weeks indicated that Gaines wheat or triticale (Trailblazer) were equal to corn in supporting egg production, egg weight and body weight, with comparable feed consumption. Henry wheat(a hard red winter class) was slightly, yet significantly (P less than 0.05) inferior to corn for the above criteria. No significant differences were observed among four treatments in wet liver weight and liver fat content. Hens fed the corn diet had significantly (P less than 0.05) lower carcass fat followed by the hens fed triticale in comparison with those fed Gaines or Henyry wheat. Mortality was very low and not related to dietary treatments. Neither dietary fat nor energy content was related to fat content of liver and carcass of the hens. Body weight and liver fat content were not closely related to each other. Wet liver weight was the only significantly (P less than 0.05) related factor to liver fat content. In the second experiment, in which hens 33 weeks of age were used for an experimental period of 20 weeks, opaque-2 corn was slightly superior to normal corn and triticale was comparable to normal corn in supporting egg production and egg weight. Supplementation of the diets containing the two corns and triticale with lysine failed to improve egg production and egg weight. Hens fed the diets containing either normal corn or opaque-2 corn as the only grain in the diet had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher liver fat content in comparison with hens fed the diet containing triticale as the only grain. Mortality, however, was much higher among hens fed triticale-containing diets in comparison with groups fed corn-containing diets in spite of the fact that they had significantly lower liver fat content. Regardless of dietary treatments or grains used, the hens that died were diagnosed to have fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. Dietary fat content was postively and significantly (P less than 0.05) related to liver fat content. Dietary energy or body weight was not closely related to liver content. Liver fat content and mortality were negatively related to each other. The higher for content did not adversely affect laying performance.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer of the stomach: a review of two hospitals in Korea and Japan.

The records of 525 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach treated at Korea University Hospital (K.U.H.), Seoul, Korea, and 1,932 patients treated at National Cancer Center Hospital (N.C.C.), Tokyo, Japan, over a 7-year period were reviewed to study biologic characteristics and treatment results in the two hospitals. More than 70% of the patients were 41 to 70 years old in both hospitals, though K.U.H. had more younger patients and N.C.C. had more older patients. Comparison in regard to clinicopathologic features showed significant differences in type of cancer, tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, stage, and histologic type. Such a difference mostly was due to a greater frequency of early gastric cancer in N.C.C. patients (51.2%) than in K.U.H. patients (19.0%). Patients of K.U.H. were more likely to have advanced cancer, large invasive tumors, a higher percentage of lymph node metastasis, a higher stage, and more undifferentiated tumors. The 5-year survival rate of all resected cases was 69.5% in N.C.C. and 54.2% in K.U.H. (p > 0.05). Those factors which showed a significant difference in clinicopathologic features did not affect the survival difference between the two hospitals except in stage IIIb and signet-ring-cell cancer. The 5-year survival rate for stage IIIb was 18.0% in K.U.H. and 36.8% in N.C.C. It would seem that survival difference in stage IIIb related to extensive lymph node dissection in N.C.C. Survival difference in signet-ring-cell gastric cancer (31.2% in K.U.H. and 91.0% in N.C.C.) was related to the fact that 79.1% of signet-ring-cell gastric cancer patients in N.C.C. had early gastric cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Struma ovarii showing clinical characteristics of ovarian malignancy.

Struma ovarii is a rare form of ovarian neoplasm, composed entirely or predominantly of thyroid tissue and generally a benign germ cell tumor of the ovary. Ascites have been reported in approximately 15-20% of all cases. However, the combination of struma ovarii and elevated CA125 has rarely been reported. We experienced a rare case of a postmenopausal woman with benign struma ovarii associated with massive ascites, a complex pelvic mass. There was marked elevation of her CA125 level. The clinical impression was ovarian malignancy. Surgical excision of the ovarian mass induced immediate resolution of the ascites and a normalization of the serum CA125 level. No recurrence of the ascites or of the tumor has been observed during the 10-month follow-up. Struma ovarii can mimic ovarian malignancy clinically, particularly if complex and associated with ascites and an elevated CA125 level.

Ascites↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scintigraphic features of autoimmune thyroiditis.

The term autoimmune thyroiditis encompasses multiple inflammatory conditions of the thyroid gland, each with variable clinical manifestations. The more acute forms, silent (painless) thyroiditis and postpartum thyroiditis, are associated with transient hyperthyroidism and are sometimes mistaken for Graves disease. The chronic form, Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis), results in goiter and eventual hypothyroidism unless it is recognized and treated promptly. Thyroid uptake measurements and scintigraphic findings (usually obtained with technetium-99m or iodine-123) play a complementary role along with thyroid function testing in differentiating autoimmune thyroiditis from other thyroid diseases, thereby influencing treatment. In some cases, histologic evaluation of biopsy specimens is required to yield the definitive diagnosis. Knowledge of the entire spectrum of these disorders is essential for appropriate case management.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Studies and ethics].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Nursing↗