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Biomedical subjects

S M Brooks

Publications and source records attributed to S M Brooks.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The effect of the honeycomb on glare function.

Patients with certain forms of cataract or corneal disease have diminished visual acuity in a brightly lit environment. This is due to increased light scattering, which causes increased glare sensitivity. In a series of experiments, a sequence of bottles containing a suspension of latex particles was used to simulate the effect of different degrees of cataract and corneal edema on visual acuity. It was shown that anodized honeycombs could substantially improve visual acuity through the latex-containing bottles. The mechanism of visual improvement was shown to be by reduction of glare and increase in contrast.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

In vitro demonstration of specific IgE in phthalic anhydride hypersensitivity.

Clinical sensitization to phthalic anhydride occurred in a worker who developed symptoms of rhinorrhea, lacrimination, and wheezing after exposure to this chemical. Positive skin tests, provocative bronchial challenges, and a high serum titer of specific IgE (by the radioallergosorbent test) to phthalic anhydride corroborated his clinical hypersensitivity. Bronchial provocation studies using alcoholic-saline solutions of phthalic anhydride and phthalic anhydride dust resulted in immediate airway obstruction. The successful identification of specific IgE by the radioallergosorbent test demonstrates that this can be a useful in vitro technique for corroborating sensitization to this chemical.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effects of disodium cromoglycate on dexamethasome metabolism.

The effect of disodium cromoglycate on dexamethasone metabolism was studied in 4 patients with bronchial asthma before and after 3 weeks of treatment. Labeled dexamethasome was injected intravenously and serial blood samples were collected during the next 6 hours. Transport kinetics of labeled dexamethasone were determined using a 2-compartment model. Baseline plasma equilibrated half-life values ranged from 133 to 258 min, and metabolic clearance rate ranged from 134 to 912 liter per day. After disodium cromoglycate therapy a small decrease in labeled dexamethasone clearance occurred. There was a mean increase in half-life of 20 min (9 per cent), being 201+/-51 (mean +/- SD) before therapy and 220+/-57 min after therapy. This was not significant. Metabolic clearance rate decreased 13 per cent (59 liter per day), being 441+/-334 liter per day before and 382+/-304 liter per day after treatment (P less than 0.05). Other transport kinetics of labeled dexamethasone were not significantly different with therapy. The results of this investigation demonstrate that disodium cromoglycate produces small but probably not significant changes in dexamethasone metabolism. The investigation supports the thesis that the steroid-sparing effect of disodium cromoglycate is not the result of depression of corticosteroid plasma clearance with longer duration of steroid action but most likely is the result of the effect of disodium cromoglycate on cellular mechanisms and inhibition of mediator release.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Adrenochrome staining of soft contact lenses.

A clinical case of adrenochrome staining of a soft contact lens is described. A laboratory model for such staining is then described in which a soft lens is boiled in a basic, saturated solution of L-DOPA. Repetition of this process in fresh solutions of L-DOPA can achieve any level of black staining desired. The lens can then be made transparent by immersing it in a 3% solution of hydrogen.

Adrenochrome↗