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Biomedical subjects

S Liu

Publications and source records attributed to S Liu.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[A longitudinal study on growth model and velocity of term small for gestation age].

To probe into the vegetal pattern and find out the key period of promoting normal growth of term small for gestational age (TSGA), a longitudinal study on growth model and velocity of TSGA was conducted from Jan 1993 to June 1997. The body weight and length of 150 children of TSGA (57 boys, 93 girls) and 152 children as controls (58 boys, 94 girls) were measured from the 1st month to 36th month. The growth model was analysed by multilevel models. The result showed that there was a difference between the growth models of TSGA and controls. During 8 and a half months (center month), the weight, length of controls were 1.19 kg, 3.46 cm greater than those of TSGA; the weight, length of boys were 0.34 kg, 1.08 cm more than those of girls respectively. The growth velocity of TSGA was similar to that of controls. The maximal growth velocity was observed during the first 6 monthes after birth. The order of growth velocity from high to low was 1 mo. > 2 mo. > 3 mo. in length and weight, showing that children of TSGA have their own growth model. Their growth velocity should be monitored attentively. If low velocity appears one should search for the cause and adopt apropriate measures to ensure their growth in accordance with their "own track".

Body Height↗
PubMed1998

[Study on the human dietary intake of minerals, energy, fiber and phytic acid].

Duplicate diets of three days were collected. The diets represented general living standard of male adults. There were three types of subjects: city inhabitants in group 1, northern peasants in group 2, and southern peasants in group 3. The diets were analyzed to calculate the average per capita intake of various minerals, energy, fiber and phytic acid. The assessment of intake according to the values of RDA, ESADDI and ADI shows the following results: Zn is low, Ca comes up to 2/3 of RDA, P reaches 88%-133% of RDA, Fe appears enough to attain the standard, but the availability should be considered. The contents of Se and I in each group was varied. Even though the intake of Se is low, it reaches the minimum requirement. Since I is being supplemented for all the people, it would not be deficient. The intake levels of Cu, Mo and Cr achieve or surpass the minimum values of ESADDI. Mn intake exceeds the maximum value of ESADDI, but the highest intake was only 10. 5 mg, which is far from poisoning level. High Na and low K intakes are specific defects of Chinese diets. The level of Cd, Hg and Pb is far apart from toxicosis. As for the amount of As intake, only in group 3 is higher than ADI by 29%. The energy is full. Dietary fiber is suitable. The intake of phytic acid of northern peasants is higher than that of southern peasants and city inhabitants, but it would be harmless.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Study on the antagonistic action of selenite on fluoride-induced lipid peroxidation and on the changes of trace elements in rats].

Five groups of SD male rats were provided with deionized drinking water containing 0 and 150 mg/L NaF, and containing both 150 mg/L NaF and 0.5, 2.0 or 4.0 mg/L Na2SeO3 respectively for 10 weeks, in order to find out the optimal level of selenite in drinking water against fluoride toxicity. The results showed that fluoride could cause significant increase of lipid peroxides (LPO) and metabolic disorder of trace elements in the serum and kidney of rats. The antagonistic effect of 2.0 mg/L Na2SeO3 drinking water on the lipid peroxidation induced by 150 mg/LNaF was the most evident, whereas those of 0.5 and 4.0 mg/L Na2SeO3 were not obvious. It is concluded that selenite possesses significant antagonistic effects on renal damages induced by fluoride and 2.0 mg/L Na2SeO3 is the optimal concentration for the antagonistic effect on renal impairments induced by 150 mg/L NaF in drinking water.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The changes of serum estrogen, progesterone and the function of immune system in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of estrogen, progesterone and the function of immune system on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). METHODS: Fifty women with ICP and fifty normal pregnant women were enrolled in the study. The levels of their serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured and cellular immunity and humoral immunity were determined. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the levels of E2 and P, and APAAP was used to detect cellular immunity. RESULTS: (1) The level of estrodiol was significantly increased in ICP group than those of normal control group (25.89 +/- 6.85 micrograms/L, 16.92 +/- 4.98 micrograms/L, P < 0.01). (2) The level of CD8+ was decreased (19.06 +/- 1.93%, 26.43 +/- 2.89%) and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was increased significantly in ICP group than those of control group (2.23 +/- 0.38, 1.73 +/- 0.23, P < 0.05). (3) There were negative correlation between E2 and CD8+, and positive correlation between E2 and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the high level of E2 of ICP patients may result in functional disorder of immune system by the means of estrogen receptor on CD8+. This may be a factor of ICP development.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Chemosensitivity test for 170 human breast carcinoma samples].

We tested the in vitro sensitivity of 170 primary breast carcinoma samples to the anti-cancer drugs conventionally used in clinical chemotherapy. It was found that: 1. The high sensitivity rate (HSR) of breast carcinoma cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), mitomycin (MMC), cisplatin (DDP), adriamycin(ADM), methotrexate(MTX), vincristin(VCR), vepesid(VP-16), taxol, and vindesine(VDS) were 57.1%, 49.4%, 48.3%, 35.8%, 21.8%, 21.2%, 10%, 18.2% and 20.9%, respectively. The increase of HSR of cancer cells to 5-Fu, MMC, DDP, taxol was more significant than that of the other drugs tested (P < 0.05). 2. No correlation was shown between drug sensitivity and factors, i.e. pathological type, clinical type, expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and epithelium growth factor receptor(EGFR) for breast carcinoma (P > 0.05). 3. Cyclosporin A can increase part of the sensitivity of ADM-resistant breast carcinoma cells to ADM.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[8-chloro-adenosine induced apoptosis in various human tumor cell lines].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of 8-Chloro-adenosine (8CA) on tumor cell growth and apoptosis. METHODS: Tumor and normal cell lines were treated with 8CA at different concentrations and cell growth was analysed by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by light microscopy, flow cytometry and chromosome DNA fragmentation. RESULTS: Treatment with 8CA at 10 mumol/L remarkably inhibited tumor cell growth. HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cell line was more sensitive to 8CA than MGc-803 gastric mucoid adenocarcinoma cell line. NIH3T3 cells were relatively resistant to 8CA. The IC50 of HL-60 and MGc-803 cells was 1.2 mumol/L and 1.8 mumol/L, respectively, while that of NIH3T3 cells was 12 mumol/L. Further study showed that 8CA induced HL-60 and MGc-803 cell death characterized by apoptotic phenotypes, DNA content changes and chromosome DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: 8CA is a potential agent for tumor chemotherapy.

2-Chloroadenosine↗
PubMed1998

[Mutations of APC gene MCR region in sporadic colorectal adenomas and carcinomas].

OBJECTIVE: Fifteen specimens of colorectal adenomas and 45 specimens of carcinomas and each of their normal mucosa were analyzed for the APC gene exon 15 MCR(mutation cluster region). METHODS: Gene mutation was examined by PCR-SSCP technique. RESULTS: In three out of 15 cases of adenomas(20.0%) and 10 out of 45 cases of carcinomas(22.2%), mutations at MCR was detected. In colorectal carcinoma, APC gene mutation was not related to size, location, histologic features and lymph node metastases. In MCR region, 1260-1359 codons gave a lowest mutation frequency, while 1339-1436 codons showed the highest mutation frequency. CONCLUSION: APC gene mutation detected in colorecral adenomas indicates that the APC gene mutation is an early event in colorectal carcinogenesis. It helps early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

Effect of epidermal growth factor and dexamethasone on explosive deafness.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on cochlear hair cells of normal and explosion-stricken guinea pigs and the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and dexamethasone (DXM) treatment for blast hearing loss. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique and auditory brainstem response (ABR) test were used. RESULTS: Scattered expression of EGFR was seen in inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) in normal guinea pigs. Segmentally distributing positive reaction was also located in stereocilia of hair cells. Distribution of EGFR reaction was seen in the cytoplasm of IHC 24 hours after exposure to blasts, and in the stereocilia of IHC and the cuticular plate of OHC 72 hours postexposure. At one week EGFR reaction in hair cells increased obviously and part of OHC stereocilia also showed positive reaction. EGFR reaction reduced at two weeks, though positive reaction could still be found in the stereocilia of hair cells at one month. Combination of EGF and DXM administrations promoted hearing recovery significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The healing of injured hair cells may be related to EGF.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Prevention of maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility with traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese herbal medicine on the prevention of hemolytic disease caused by maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility. METHODS: A total of 126 Chinese patients with maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility were studied, including 105 cases of ABO type and 21 cases of Rh type incompatibility. The traditional Chinese herbal medicine was used for preventative treatment in 79 cases, and 47 cases served as controls. The prescription consisted of Herba leonuri 500 g, white peony root 180 g, Banksia rose 12 g, root of Chinese angelica 150 g and Rhizomal ligustica 150 g. RESULTS: Preventative treatment with traditional Chinese herbal medicine significantly reduced the perinatal mortality rate in cases of Rh type incompatibility, from 50.0% in the control group to 7.7% in the treatment group (P < 0.05). There was no death in the cases of ABO incompatibility. The traditional Chinese herbal medicine also decreased the degree of hemolysis. The percentage of severe cases in the control group was 29.8%, while it was 15.2% in the treatment group (P = 0.05). The duration of treatment was closely related to the outcomes. In patients who used traditional Chinese herbal medicine for more than 10 weeks, the incidence of severe hemolysis was 8.2%, compared with 38.9% in those treated for less than 10 weeks (P < 0.05). The change of serum immune antibody (A and/or B) titers during the treatment was a very important predictive factor for the outcome of the pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Traditional Chinese herbal medicine is effective not only for ABO type but also for Rh type maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility, with no side effects.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of captopril in tablets by gas chromatography (GC)].

A GC method for determination of captopril in tablets was developed. The sample was esterified to improve its sensitivity. The conditions for determination were: 2% OV-17 on 80-100 mesh Chromosorb W AW-DMCS packed in a 2 m x 3 mm i.d. column operated at 190 degrees C. Both FID detector and injector port at 220 degrees C. Octadecane was used as internal standard. The response was linear between 0.2 g/L and 1 g/L. This method is proved to be highly sensitive, good reproducible and satisfactory.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1998

[An animal experiment and clinical investigation on the protective effect of selenium on the microcirculation induced by free radical damaged RBCs].

UNLABELLED: Fluorescent labeling image analysis was used to evaluate the changes in cerebral arteriole and veinlet diameters (D), circulation velocities (FV) and permeability (VP) in rats; while in clinics, a laser-doppler device was used for assessing changes of skins and muscles microcirculation. The results show that in control rats, equal volume perfusion of free radical damaged RBCs resulted in decreases of D and FV significantly but VP was increased, whereas in the case when free radical damaged RBCs were perfused together with selenium, no disturbances in the D and VP were observed with FV even improved. In the human control group, either average skin microcirculative perfusions (ASMP) at 25 degrees C or maximal skin microcirculative perfusions (MSMP) at 42 degrees C were evidently decreased during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion period, while ASMP at 24th hour of post-surgery was kept reducing. At the same time, the changes in muscles microcirculative perfusions (MMP) tended to be similar to the skin, but overloaded than the pre-surgery levels at 24th hour of post-surgery period. In the selenium group before surgery, the ratio of MSMP to ASMP was obviously increased than the control group (3.95 in Se group vs 1.74 in control group, P < 0.05), but did not have significantly differences in ASMP, MSMP and MMP between the two groups during surgery period. RBC deformabilities were not changed. At 24th hour post-surgery, the ASMP were almost restored to pre-surgery levels. However, MMP were still lower than the pre-surgery levels. CONCLUSIONS: (1) free radical damaged RBC perfusion leads to damage of microcirculation; (2) selenium is highly efficient in protecting microcirculation from free radical damaged RBC disturbance; and (3) Oral administration of selenium may improve pre-surgery maximal skin microcirculative perfusion and promote recovery of the worsened skin microcirculation in addition to prevent the occurrence of RBC deformability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[The expression of Fas antigen on lymphocytes in the patients with asthma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of Fas antigen on lymphocytes in patients with asthma. METHOD: The peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) isolated from patients with asthma were cultured with dexamethasone 10(-5) mol/L, Fas antigen on lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry at 0, 2nd, 8th, 24th hour respectively. RESULT: The native expression of Fas antigen of PBL isolated from the patients with asthma (5.3% +/- 2.0%, P < 0.05) was lower than that from healthy controls (8.5% +/- 1.8%). Increased expression of Fas antigen in the patients with asthma was observed with induction of dexamethasone (P < 0.01). The percentages of Fas positive cell were 5.3% +/- 2.0%, 33% +/- 5%, 63% +/- 11%, 76% +/- 7% at 0, 2nd, 8th, 24th hour respectively in asthmatic group. While 8.5% +/- 1.8%, 31% +/- 11%, 49% +/- 10%, 20% +/- 4% respectively in normal control group. CONCLUSION: Decreased native expression of Fas on lymphocytes may be related to airway inflammation in the patients with asthma. Increased expression of Fas induced by Dex may be one of the mechanism of lymphocytes apoptosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of antimicrobial preservative dimethyl fumarate by high performance liquid chromatography].

This paper described a HPLC method for determining dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a new antimicrobial preservative. Chromatographic conditions were as follows: Micropak MGH 5 mu cap column, 4.00 mm x 300.0 mm EtOH-H2O (90:10, V/V) eluent, and UV detector at 216 nm. In the range of 0.036-2.96 micrograms, the sample size and peak area showed a linear relationship with regression equation, Y = 3.215 x 10(-6)X - 0.04797 and r = 0.9996. Standard deviation was 3.2 x 10(-4).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1998

[An improved method of cholesterol determination in egg yolk by high performance liquid chromatography].

An improved method for cholesterol determination in egg yolk is reported in this paper. Egg yolk was first diluted. Cholesterol was then extracted with ethyl ether and petroleum ether, and quantified by reversed phase liquid chromatography on a Zorbax ODS column (0.46 mm x 15 cm, 5-6 microns) using a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 2-propanol (4:1) with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. A linear correlation was observed between 0.05-0.40 g/L of cholesterol. The determination limit was 0.02 g/L. This proposed method of HPLC determination of egg yolk without saponification is superior to colorimetric determination on the sample with saponification, and comparable to HPLC determination with saponification of the egg yolk sample in terms of reliability. No difference in final results was observed between egg yolk sample with saponification and the same sample without saponification. Rapid and reproducible quantification of cholesterol in egg yolk can be completed with this new method. Omission of saponification has made this proposed method more convenient than those ever reported, and can be used in yolk cholesterol study with greater ease.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1998

[Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of bone marrow].

OBJECTIVE: To explore appropriate diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis of bone marrow. METHOD: Clinical and pathologic data of 11 cases with tuberculosis of bone marrow out of 2,410 cases underwent biopsy from 1990 to 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: High fever, weariness, emaciation and anaemia were found in 11 cases, abdominal distension and abdominal pain in 4, ascites in 3, liver and spleen enlargement in 5. All the cases had no local osteoarticular abnormalities. Negative sputum smear acid-fast staining results were found in 11 cases, abnormal liver function in 9, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (30-168 mm/1 h) in 6 detected. Chest radiographs showed hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis in 4 cases, no tuberculous lesion in 7. Tuberculous granulomas were found in 11 cases, caseous necrosis in 6, and positive granulomatous tissue acid-fast staining results in 3. Ten out of 11 cases accompanied tuberculous lesions in other parts of body except bone marrow. Eight cases recovered after combined antituberculosis chemotherapy, and other 3 died. CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis of bone marrow is the bone marrow involvement of hematogenous disseminated tuberculosis with nonspecific manifestations. Possibility of hematogenous disseminated tuberculosis should be considered in patients with long-term high fever, and in addition to common pulmonary abnormalities, the bone marrow biopsy should also be taken into consideration. Moreover, combined antituberculosis chemotherapy should be given immediately after the diagnosis of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical study of CPD4-PDT for the prevention of postoperative recurrence in infiltrative bladder cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of chlorophyll derivative (CPD4)-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in preventing postoperative recurrence of the infiltrative cancer of the urinary bladder. METHODS: Thirty-two patients were treated with CPD4-PDT postoperationally to prevent the recurrence of cancer, all of which being followed up. RESULTS: The recurrence rate was 42.1% in T2 tumors and 69.2% in T3 tumors (P < 0.05), and the survival period without tumor has been 19.8 +/- 14.8 months in T2 tumors, and 22.67 +/- 19.72 months in T3 tumors (P > 0.05). There was very significant difference in recurrent rate between grade I and grade II, III patients (0 and 66.7%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: CPD4-PDT is a safe and effective measure to prevent the recurrence in infiltrative bladder cancer after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical study on treatment of moderate and advanced stage cancers by Bailong Tablets combined with chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects and mechanism of Bailong Tablet combined chemotherapy treatment. METHODS: The test group, 41 cancer patients of moderate and advanced stage treated by chemotherapy plus Bailong tablet, and the control group, 22 cancer patients treated by chemotherapy alone. Observe the chemotherapy complete rates (CCR) and the immunological function of the cell in the two groups. RESULTS: The CCR in the test group (92.6%) were higher than that of the control group (77.2%, P < 0.05). However, the toxic side-effect caused by chemotherapy in the test group were lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). CD3 and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were obviously raised in the test group. The results indicates that the Bailong Tablets had the effects of regulating the immunological function of the T-cell. CONCLUSIONS: Bailong tablet could enhance the efficacy and reduce the toxic side-effect of chemotherapy. Modulation of the cell immunological function is possibly its mechanism.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗