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Biomedical subjects

S Lerner

Publications and source records attributed to S Lerner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Progressive replacement of epithelial attachment by a connective tissue junction after experimental periodontal surgery in rats.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the long junctional epithelium formed during the early stages of periodontal wound healing can become replaced, at least in part, by a connective tissue attachment. A surgical wound was created on the mesial surface of the left maxillary first molar of 4-month-old rats and the mesial root surface curetted free of soft tissue and cementum. The contralateral molar served as an unoperated control. Groups of five to eight animals were killed at intervals of 10 days, 3 and 6 weeks, and 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The histometric data demonstrated a progressive apical recession of the entire gingival unit on the unoperated control side during the experimental period. On the operated side, the junctional epithelium became reestablished by migration of epithelium from the wound edge along the cut gingival surface facing the tooth, until contact was established near the apical border of the instrumented root surface. Coronal migration of the epithelium from that level accounted for most of the lengthening of the junctional epithelium observed in 3 weeks. During the balance of the experimental period the junctional epithelium did not change in length significantly. However, the entire epithelial attachment was displaced coronally, primarily at the expense of sulcus depth which decreased with time, and by replacement of the apical portion of the junctional epithelium by a connective tissue junction of increasing dimension. These findings challenge the widely held belief that, once established, the dentoepithelial junction cannot be replaced by a connective tissue attachment.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Occupational exposure to lead: effects on renal function.

Although nephrotoxicity is common following exposure to lead, the dose-response relationship in adults with occupational exposure is not well understood because information is lacking on early nephrotoxic effects. By the time serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels are elevated, renal damage may be advanced and not fully reversible. Detailed investigations of renal glomerular and tubular function were performed in six adults with occupational exposure to lead. In all patients, the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations were within the normal range. GFR was decreased in all but two. Glucose reabsorptive capacity (TmG) was decreased in all, and this decrease was disproportionately greater than expected from the reduced GFR in all but one. Normal values for renal plasma flow (RFP) were observed in four of the six, and for rho-aminohippurate (PAH) secretory capacity (TmPAh) in all but one. Bicarbonate reabsorptive capacity (TmHCO3) and urinary excretion of beta2-microglobulin were normal in all. Routine clinical laboratory tests are insensitive for the detection of early renal effects of heavy metal exposure. Measurements of renal tubular reabsorptive capacity for glucose appears to be a sensitive method for the early detection of renal effect of lead.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Staff and patients evaluate their therapeutic community.

A committee of staff and patients conducted an informal evaluation of a therapeutic community on a 16-bed psychiatric unit. The committee reviewed the history, original intent, current purpose, and effectiveness of meetings held on the unit; when problems were identified, suggestions for change were formulated. The evaluation served to increase the efficiency of meetings and to counteract what the authors termed the "drift phenomenon," or the tendency of the original purpose or structure of a meeting to change over time. The process also fostered an atmosphere of mutual respect and an enhanced sense of purpose among the patients and staff who worked on the committee.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1979

Cadmium nephropathy--a clinical evaluation.

Decreased GFR and TmG and increased beta-2-microglobulin excretion were found in a worker with a nine-year exposure to cadmium. The patient's recent marked weight loss and other multiple symptoms could not be explained on these abnormalities or by results of other specialized studies. Increased urinary beta-2-microglobulin without proteinuria but with elevated blood and urine cadmium levels in this patient raises questions about which biological indicators will prove to be most helpful in effectively monitoring cadmium workers.

Cadmium Poisoning↗
PubMed1977

Foreign body removal with the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope.

Intrabronchial foreign bodies are occasionally encountered in adults but most available information in humans consists only of reports evaluating one or two cases. We surveyed our experience and found seven patients with intrabronchial foreign bodies who had been examined with the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope, six of whom were managed successfully. Nine cases have been identified in the literature. Although there were no major complications in either our cases or those in the literature, several problems were identified which under other circumstances could have caused significant complications. We assessed all of these cases for situations which presented potential risk to the patient. These risks were grouped into the following problem categories: 1. selection of appropriate bronchoscope, 2. availability of appropriate instruments, 3. control of the foreign body, and 4. unexpected foreign bodies. Endoscopists planning to use the FFB in foreign body removal should be aware of the problems and hazards which may ensue if improperly managed, and should attempt to gain experience either in the animal laboratory or in models prior to approaching patients with foreign bodies with the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Accreditation of occupational health programs: development and validation of criteria.

Defined standards and a mechanism for evaluation of performance can help promote new and improve existing occupational health programs. Criteria must be based on sound principles, be comprehensive, discriminating and attainable. They should apply to small and large establishments with varying hazards. A successful program requires a multi-disciplinary effort involving physicians, nurses, industrial hygienists, health physicists, safety professionals, managers, technicians and labor. Assessment by on-site peer review is necessary. The criteria and process for their use must be accepted by the professions, labor and management. The Occupational Health/Safety Programs Accreditation Commission plans to use the document entitled Standards, Interpretations and Audit Criteria for Performance of Occupational Health Programs in its accreditation activities. The development and validation of this document and its use are described.

Accreditation↗