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Biomedical subjects

S Lee

Publications and source records attributed to S Lee.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Formative evaluation of a multimedia CAL program in an ophthalmology clerkship.

The use of computer-aided learning (CAL) in medical education has grown considerably in recent years. CAL has a number of attractive educational features, and computer simulations have been shown to improve learning in health professions education. This paper describes the formative evaluation of a multimedia CAL simulation used in a third year ophthalmology clerkship. The CAL program combines the use of a Macintosh computer with a mannequin head, housing two motor driven camera diaphragms which simulate pupil response. This allows students to practice the "swinging flashlight test", an important clinical exam commonly used to detect visual dysfunction. Five questions are addressed in this study and the formative evaluation process is described. The highly positive results are then presented, with suggestions given for improvement followed by implications for future development.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed1993

Clinical study on death in Behçet's disease.

We were able to identify 7 patients who died of Behçet's disease, among 2,200 patients registered at the Behçet's Disease Specialty Clinic of Severance Hospital from November 1983 to October 1992. Six were male and one female. Age of death was 31 to 55 years with the mean age of 39.1. The age of onset was 24 to 54 years with the mean age of 32.6. The mean duration of illness was 6.5 years. The most frequent initial symptom was oral ulcer, with the most common type being the incomplete type in Shimizu's classification. Positive pathergy tests were found in all the 5 patients in whom the test was performed out of 7 patients. Various modalities of treatments such as oral steroid, colchicine, azathioprine, colectomy, and pacemaker insertion were attempted without outstanding therapeutic effects. The causes of death were gastrointestinal bleeding, bowel perforation, superior and inferior vena cava syndrome, aortic regurgitation, cerebrovascular disease, sepsis, and lung abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Client/server power attracts healthcare markets.

Client/server architecture has become the darling of I/S professionals. The intelligence is spread among several processors, creating enormous flexibility. But are C/S systems easier, cheaper and faster than the good old mainframe? Not quite yet.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1993

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and VLA-4 are obligatory adhesion proteins in the heterotypic adherence between human leukemia/lymphoma cells and marrow stromal cells.

We have utilized two well-characterized human leukemia/lymphoma (LL) cell lines, UTMB-460 and CEM, to determine the role of integrin very late antigen-alpha 4 beta 1 (VLA-4) and its ligand vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the adherence of the LL cells to marrow stromal cells (MSC). Both these LL cell lines express alpha and beta subunits of VLA-4. VCAM-1 is constitutively expressed by human MSC and its expression can be upregulated by interleukin-4 (IL-4) and recombinant human tissue necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha). IL-4 and rTNF-alpha stimulation of MSC is associated with a significant increase in the adherence of both UTMB-460 and CEM LL cells to the cytokine-stimulated MSC. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the alpha and beta subunits of VLA-4 and VCAM-1 significantly inhibit adherence of the LL cells to unstimulated and cytokine-treated MSC. The data reported indicate that VCAM-1 and integrin VLA-4 are obligatory adhesion proteins in the heterotypic adherence between human LL cells and MSC. The constitutive expression of VCAM-1 by MSC may be partially responsible for retention of leukemia cells in th bone marrow and metastasis of lymphomas to the bone marrow.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Profile of prostatic-specific antigen in prostatic carcinomas.

Prostatic carcinomas (PCs) may be divided into two distinct categories: latent PCs, found mostly at autopsy, and clinical cases, which present with signs and symptoms. These two categories correspond fairly well to histologic grading of PCs and immunoperoxidase staining for prostatic specific antigen (PSA). The objective of this study was to find quantitative and qualitative differences if any, of PSA in PCs, corresponding to Gleason's histologic grade. By radiometric assay of PSA in tissue cytosol, PCs especially those of high histologic grade, were found to have lower PSA concentrations than normal and glandular hyperplastic prostatic tissue. Western blotting of cytosol was performed to detect differences between immunoreactive PSA of PCs compared with noncancerous tissue using both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against PSA. Western blotting with anti-PSA revealed some different bands between cancerous and noncancerous cytosols. Western blotting of cancerous and noncancerous cytosols was also performed using anti-prostatic acid phosphatase and anti-beta micro-seminoprotein. Reduced PSA concentration and different immunoblotting pattern of PSA were found to be characteristic for PCs, especially in carcinomas with grades higher than 7, which usually present with more aggressive invasion and metastases.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Aneurysm of the right gastroepiploic artery: a case report of laparoscopic resection.

A traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the right gastroepiploic artery in a 55-year-old woman was resected using laparoscopy. The durations of anaesthesia and operation were 260 and 220 min respectively. Blood loss was minimal. The perioperative period was uneventful; the patient needed no analgesic treatment and ate her first meal on the morning of the day after surgery. She was discharged 5 days later and has progressed well for 5 months since surgery without any abnormal findings.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1993

[Cancer of the middle third of the choledochus: an infrequent diagnosis].

We report the case of an 80-year-old woman with a previous history of HBP, hysterectomy due to cancer of the uterus and cholelithiasis, who was admitted in our hospital because of diffuse abdominal pain, marked jaundice, choluria and acholia during one week, together with anorexia and loss of weight. Blood chemistry results disclosed a total bilirubin of 11 mg/dl, a direct bilirubin of 8 mg/dl, GGTP 826 U/I, alkaline phosphatase 287 U/I, AST 285 U/I, ALT 837 U/I and LDH 242 U/I. The CA 19-9 marker was higher than 500 U/ml. The abdominal ultrasound examination did not show any space-occupying lesions; the extra and intrahepatic bile ducts were very dilated and the gall bladder showed multiple stones within its contents. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed a homogeneous filiform defect at the middle third of the common bile duct of approximately 1 cm in length and with a marked dilatation of the bile ducts. A percutaneous drainage of the bile tree was performed, but the patient died.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Health care for the homeless: a public concern.

The number of homeless people in the nation and New Orleans continues to increase. It is an important problem for all citizens but is especially so for the social and medical care agencies. As physicians we are morally bound to help the less fortunate of our communities, and we must also protect the community from the illnesses to which the homeless may be more susceptible. However, because very little is accurately and reliably known about the homeless in New Orleans, little can be efficiently done to aid them. We report the results of our brief surveys to stimulate concern and action in the medical community for these unfortunate people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to drugs that bind DNA or inhibit its synthesis.

The in vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to bleomycin, busulfan, camptothecin, CC-1065, cisplatin, daunomycin, distamycin, luzopeptin, mAMSA, mitomycin C, naladixic acid, U71184, VM26, and VP16, or combinations of them was examined. The lethal dose concentration for 50% of parasites for 3 compounds, luzopeptin, CC1065, and U71184, that bind to adenine-thymidine-rich nucleotide sequences, were in the range of 10(-11) M. They were at least 2 orders of magnitude more effective than the other compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Nonradioactive, colorimetric microplate hybridization assay for detecting amplified human immunodeficiency virus DNA.

A nonradioactive, colorimetric microplate hybridization procedure was used to assay human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA, amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Under the PCR conditions used, four proviral copies per 150,000 cells were detected by amplifying a series of DNA mixtures that contained various copy numbers of HIV. Assays of PCR-amplified DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of seronegative individuals yielded negative results (104 of 104), whereas samples from seropositive individuals yielded > 99% positive results (141 of 142). Similar results were obtained in a chemiluminescent assay with an acridinium ester-labeled probe and in a solution hybridization assay in which a 32P-labeled probe was used.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

[Differential diagnosis of gallbladder diseases by superselective angiography of the cystic artery].

To clarify differential points of angiographic findings, cystic angiograms of 46 patients with various gallbladder diseases were studied. In cases of gallbladder carcinoma, the angiographic findings differed in degree of the depth of cancer invasion and the shape of tumor. Abnormal findings in arterial phase were seen even in some cases of early carcinoma and tumor stains were clearly seen in all cases except for cases of superficial type of early carcinoma. In cases of cholecystitis, the findings on the degree of inflammation and wall thickening of the gallbladder varied. It was important for differential diagnosis between carcinoma and inflammation of the gallbladder to fully understand reciprocal relation of arterial and venous phase of the cystic angiogram. In cases of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder, dilatation and tortuosity of the branches of the cystic artery and an increase of vascularity in the thickened wall were characteristic. Faint tumor stains were seen in some cases of cholesterol polyps of the gallbladder, which indicates that malignancy should not be diagnosed based only on the presence of such stains.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Conformation of tachyplesin I from Tachypleus tridentatus when interacting with lipid matrices.

The mode of action of tachyplesin I, an antimicrobial cationic heptadecapeptide amide isolated from the hemocyte debris of a horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus, toward lipid matrices was studied with synthetic tachyplesin I, its analogs with Phe in place of Trp or Tyr, a linear analog with no disulfide bonds, and two linear short fragments. Circular dichroism spectra showed that tachyplesin I took an antiparallel beta-structure in buffer solution and a certain less ordered structure in acidic liposomes composed of egg phosphatidylcholine and egg phosphatidylglycerol (3:1). Spectrophotometric titration of the peptides with laurylphosphorylcholine revealed that both Trp and Tyr residues orient toward the inside of lipid matrices, suggesting that they are on the same side of the peptide backbone. The carboxyfluorescein leakage experiment and fluorescence data indicated that tachyplesin I interacted strongly with neutral and acidic lipid bilayers and an aromaticity-rich hydrophobic part of the peptide was embedded in lipid membranes. All the peptides except for the short fragments were almost equally active in lipopolysaccharide binding. The energy-transfer experiment showed that a conformational change occurred such that the Tyr and Trp residues are positioned more closely to each other in acidic liposomes than in buffer solution. The present study strongly suggested that amphipathic lipid bilayers induced a conformational change of tachyplesin I from an energetically stable beta-structure to a less ordered, probably more amphipathic structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Tissue-specific expression in mammalian brain, heart, and muscle of S1, a member of the elongation factor-1 alpha gene family.

Elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) is an ubiquitous protein that functions in peptide elongation during mRNA translation. We previously reported the isolation of a rat S1 protein that is antigenically related to statin, a nonproliferation-specific protein; this S1 gene shares a high degree of homology to EF-1 alpha. We constructed specific riboprobes to the two genes, based on the difference in the 3' noncoding regions of both S1 and EF-1 alpha mRNAs. Northern analysis and RNase protection assays have revealed that S1 mRNA is present only in brain, heart, and muscle, while EF-1 alpha mRNA has been detected in all tissues surveyed so far. The same tissue specificity has been observed in mouse, suggesting that S1 expression is conserved between these two mammalian species. S1 transcript was detected in late brain embryogenesis (day 20), but in lower amounts than in 3-month-old adult brain. We show that the relative levels of both S1 and EF-1 alpha transcripts and their respective tissue abundances remain unchanged during the aging process. The function of S1 is not yet known; but these results suggest that it may be involved in specific control mechanisms for protein synthesis in tissues where cells (i.e. neurons and myocytes) are permanently locked in a state of nonproliferation.

Aging↗