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Biomedical subjects

S Lang

Publications and source records attributed to S Lang.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Erb:YAG and Hol:YAG laser osteotomy: the effect of laser ablation on bone healing.

Sixty-nine male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups of 23 animals each and osteotomies were performed in group 1 with a power saw, in group 2 with the Erb:Yag laser, and in group 3 with the Hol:YAG laser. Two animals of each group were sacrificed 1 week, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation for histologic investigation, and five animals of each group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after osteotomy for torque testing. Anterior-posterior (AP) radiographs were taken at the same time points and investigated for callus formation and development of pseudoarthrosis. All tibiae osteotomied with the Hol:YAG laser (group 3) developed pseudoarthrosis within 12 weeks and, therefore, torque testing could not be performed for this group. Biomechanical measurements of bone treated by power saw or Erb:YAG laser osteotomies, respectively, showed no significant statistical difference in the stability of bone between the two groups. Histologic examination after 1 week exhibited fibrous tissue at the site of osteotomy in rats of all three groups and additionally carbonization in rats of group 3. Saw osteotomies resulted in more callus formation than Erb:YAG osteotomies, but both techniques provoked a certain reunion within 8 weeks. Hol:YAG laser-treated osteotomies, however, exhibited formation of dense fibrous tissue, carbonization and no callus formation within 12 weeks. Radiographic pictures showed more callus formation for saw osteotomies as compared to those performed with the Erb:YAG laser. For Hol:YAG laser osteotomies pseudoarthrosis was identified also radiologically.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed1994

Distribution and short-term effects of intratracheally instilled neutron-irradiated UO2 particles in the rat.

In the present study we investigated the radionuclide distribution and histopathological effects of neutron-irradiated UO2 particles in the rat after intratracheal instillation. The kinetics and short-term effects of uranium fission products (95Zr, 95Nb, 103Ru, and 141Ce) were examined during a 3-month follow-up period. A rapid clearance (about 21%) of particles occurred via the gastrointestinal tract within 24 hr after the instillation. Autoradiographic and histological examinations revealed that the retained particles were nonuniformly distributed in the lungs. Translocation of the fission products from the lung to various other tissues was slow; 3 months after the instillation, the activity of the total body burden was below 1% in the liver, kidney, and spleen, whereas in the lungs it was 83%. Clearance of particles appeared to be mainly due to tracheobronchial mucociliary mechanisms. Translocation of the fission products to the bone and liver was significantly less than that reported by the ICRP, indicating that the clearance of uranium-matrix-associated fission products is preferably dependent on the physical characteristics of the particulate material. The cumulative lung doses ranging from 170 to 550 mSv caused slight or moderate local inflammatory reactions in the lungs, but at smaller dose levels there were no histopathological changes observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The intraosseous ganglion. A clinical-pathological report on 42 cases.

In this study we report on the clinical, radiological and pathologic data of 42 intraosseous ganglia which had been verified histologically. Of the patients, 26 were male and 16 female. Their mean age was 41.8 years (range 20-71 years). Exclusively solitary ganglia were included in this study; mainly they were located within the lower extremity. In most cases (n = 12), the malleolus medialis was involved. In 40 patients, treatment consisted of curettage, in 39 cases in combination with autologous or homologous bone grafting. In 2 cases, a resection was performed. No local recurrence was observed. Etiology and pathogenesis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Sodium in hand and pump expressed human breast milk.

Sodium content was analysed in the expressed breast milk from 30 mothers. Measurements were taken up to 24 days postpartum, during which time the mothers expressed manually or by means of a pump. Statistical analysis has confirmed not only the known decline in sodium levels postpartum but has also shown a significantly higher sodium content in manually expressed milk compared to that from pump expressed milk. This finding suggests that the method of expression may alter the sodium concentration in human breast milk, thus potentially reducing the amount of sodium supplementation required by some preterm infants.

Cross-Over Studies↗
PubMed1994

Prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to the palatine tonsil: a case report.

A case of prostatic adenocarcinoma presenting with dysphagia due to a tonsillar metastasis is described. Details of the clinical history, histopathological and autopsy findings are presented. A review of the literature suggests that this is only the second description of such an occurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Immunohistochemical basement membrane analysis of cholesteatoma epithelium].

Cholesteatoma is a disease with an epithelial state of hyperproliferation based on a disturbed cell-matrix interaction. An analysis of the basement membrane, which can modulate epithelial proliferation, reveals a dysfunction of this layer between cholesteatoma and stroma. Cholesteatoma specimens were obtained from six patients undergoing middle ear surgery. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using antibodies against the major components of basement membranes such as laminin, heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), collagen IV and fibronectin. In cholesteatoma epithelium, we found a fragmented basement membrane with small amounts of laminin and HSPG showing only occasional positively stained fragments while collagen IV was almost completely absent. In contrast, fibronectin demonstrated an intensive staining especially in the stroma adjacent to the basement membrane. This staining pattern resembles the initial rearrangement of the epithelial basement membrane in human skin wounds and provides evidence for a lost contact inhibition on the provisional fibronectin-layer as a reason for the hyperproliferative nature of cholesteatoma lesions.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1994

Antinuclear antibodies in pleural fluid.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently involves the pleura with resultant pleural effusion. Previous studies have reported that detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in pleural fluid using animal tissue as substrate was a sensitive and specific method for distinguishing SLE pleural effusions from other etiologies. The HEp-2 ANA, which uses a human cell line as substrate, is now the preferred ANA test; however, to our knowledge, no studies on pleural fluid using this assay have been reported. To determine its sensitivity and specificity, when measured in pleural fluid, HEp-2 ANA levels were determined in pleural effusion samples associated with a variety of different etiologies, including SLE, malignancy, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and a miscellaneous group of diseases. Pleural fluid ANA results were positive in 14 of 82 samples. Six of the eight (75 percent) pleural fluid samples collected from patients with SLE were ANA positive, and all but one had high titers (> 1:160) with a homogenous staining pattern. The remaining two patients with SLE with negative pleural fluid ANA had recurrent pulmonary emboli and congestive heart failure, rather than lupus pleuritis. Eight of 74 patients (10.8 percent) without clinical evidence of SLE had a positive pleural fluid ANA, with the majority having a speckled pattern. High titers were noted in three. These results indicate that a negative or low titer ANA and a speckled staining pattern in pleural fluid from a patient suspected of lupus pleuritis suggest an alternative diagnosis. High pleural fluid titers (up to 1:640) were seen occasionally in patients with inflammatory pleural effusions in the absence of SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Necrotizing effect of phenol on normal tissues and on tumors. A study on postoperative and cadaver specimens.

We investigated the necrotizing effect of a 75% alcoholic solution of phenol on normal tissue harvested during surgery (muscles, fatty or connective tissue) or post mortem (peripheral nerves, arteries, epidermal tissue, joint and epiphyseal cartilage) and on tumor tissue (60 samples freshly harvested from patients suffering from bone tumors). The necrotizing effect was measured by determining the thickness of the cell layers demonstrating nuclear pyknosis or necrosis after 2 min of phenolization in a light microscope by ocular measurements in microns. No effect could be seen in epidermal tissue and in cartilage, whereas all other normal tissues exhibited necrotic zones between 40 and 500 microns. In all the tumors except those with chondromatous tissue, necrotic zones between 40 and 1000 microns were found. No difference in extension of the necrotic zone was seen between specimens from benign and malignant tumors and tumor-simulating processes. Phenolization cannot be recommended for the treatment of chondromatous tumors.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1994

Work hardening: past, present, and future--the work programs special interest section national work-hardening outcome study.

OBJECTIVES: A review of outcome research conducted between 1982 and 1992 revealed return-to-work rates for industrial rehabilitation programs that ranged from 50% to 88%. Variations in outcome statistics appeared to reflect discrepancies in factors such as type of research design, initial characteristics of the client sample, and clients excluded from the study group. METHOD: A work-hardening outcome study involving 36 programs was conducted by the Work Programs Special Interest Section to address questions left unanswered by existing studies regarding (a) rates of program nonacceptance or noncompletion, (b) basic client characteristics and outcome, (c) length of disability and outcome, (d) breakdown of client disposition after program completion, and (e) program characteristics and return to work. RESULTS: Findings included the following: (a) 11.5% of clients were not accepted into work hardening and 24.6% did not complete the program; (b) outcome was not related to client age, gender, area of injury, or physical demand level of job before injury; (c) as duration of disability increased, return to work decreased significantly; (d) at discharge, 48.2% of clients returned to the usual and customary job and 30.5% to alternate or modified work, whereas 13.6% were referred to a vocational counselor; and (e) there was no relationship between number of visits or number of professionals seen and return to work. CONCLUSION: The authors suggest a need for uniform standards in collection of outcome data to establish a basis for comparison of efficacy among programs. Recommendations include tracking comparison or control groups, grouping clients in terms of length of disability, computing success rate on the basis of number of clients who completed their program, using relevant subcategories when reporting return to work, and consistency of the postdischarge interval for follow-up.

Accidents, Occupational↗