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Biomedical subjects

S Lakshman

Publications and source records attributed to S Lakshman.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Current status of laparoscopic appendectomy in children.

Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in children. Open appendectomy has been the standard treatment for decades, with excellent results. Owing to advances in pediatric laparoscopic instrumentation and increased experience with the technique of laparoscopy, however, many centers are routinely performing laparoscopic appendectomy in children. Most studies show a marginal advantage of laparoscopic appendectomy over open appendectomy with regard to length of hospitalization, postoperative analgesia use, length of time until return to full activity, and wound infection rate. There is a wide range of clinical presentation in children with acute appendicitis, from mild inflammation of the appendix to ruptured appendicitis with diffuse peritonitis or localized abscess formation. Patients with ruptured appendicitis have many more complications regardless of the surgical approach. Prospective, randomized studies specifically in children are needed to answer remaining questions regarding any potential benefit of laparoscopic appendectomy and for which patients this technique is best suited.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1995

Topography of primary afferent projections in the trigeminal sensory nuclei of rats.

The afferent projection pattern from individual vibrissae follicles was related to the distribution of cytochrome oxidase (CO) dark cell clusters in the trigeminal sensory nuclei of adult rats to determine whether segregated primary afferent projections limit the extent of the topographic reorganizations that can occur at the level of the brainstem on a short term basis after changes in sensory driven activity. The results indicate that the projections to all the brain stem trigeminal subnuclei, including the principal sensory nucleus and the three subdivisions of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, are topographic; however, the extent to which label from different whisker rows overlap appears to differ from subdivision to subdivision. In the principal sensory nucleus there is nearly a one to one relationship between the inputs from the vibrissae follicles and the corresponding CO-dense clusters. Thus, little overlap of inputs from different vibrissae rows is likely. In contrast, in the pars interpolaris and, to a lesser extent, in the pars caudalis, inputs from individual vibrissae follicles extend beyond the appropriate CO-dark patch into adjacent whisker patches; thus, inputs to these subdivisions from different vibrissae likely overlap more extensively.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

"Pseudogallbladder" appearance in partial afferent loop obstruction in a patient with cholecystectomy.

We have described a patient who was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of RUQ abdominal pain 40 years after a Billroth II gastrectomy, as well as a cholecystectomy of which the patient was unaware. Gray-scale abdominal ultrasonography and Tc 99m-IDA hepatobiliary imaging were interpreted as revealing an enlarged gallbladder and cholelithiasis. An obstructed afferent loop of the Billroth II anastomosis had mimicked a gallbladder on ultrasonography and hepatobiliary imaging.

Afferent Loop Syndrome↗