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Biomedical subjects

S L Spruance

Publications and source records attributed to S L Spruance.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Favorable outcome of central nervous system toxoplasmosis occurring in a patient with untreated Hodgkin's disease.

The current report describes severe, multi-focal central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis in a patient with untreated Hodgkin's disease. Anti-toxoplasma therapy was associated with prompt clinical improvement, and as such may represent the first successfully treated case of global CNS-toxoplasmosis occurring in a person with histologically documented lymphoma. Previously, CNS-toxoplasmosis has been noted to complicate lymphomas after initiation of anti-neoplastic therapy. The occurrence of disseminated toxoplasmosis prior to anti-neoplastic therapy is unique and suggests that lymphoma per se is a predisposing factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Preparation and characterization of high-specific activity radiolabeled 50 S measles virus RNA.

A method is described to radiolabel measles virus RNA for hybridization studies. Tritiated nucleosides were added to the media of measles virus infected Vero cells and negative-strand (genome) RNA with a specific activity of 6 X 10(5) c.p.m./microgram was purified from viral nucleocapsids. 50 S RNA was the sole RNA present in nucleocapsids and self-annealed to 50% due to the presence of 25% 50 S plus-strands (anti-genomes).

Adenosine↗
PubMed1980

Pathogenesis of herpes simplex labialis. I. Replication of herpes simplex virus in cultures of epidermal cells from subjects with frequent recurrences.

Primary cultures were established with epidermal cells from the skin of 11 patients with frequent episodes of herpes simplex labialis and 13 control subjects with titers of neutralizing antibody to herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 but no history of herpetic disease. Confluent monolayers were exposed to HSV type 1 strain E115, and the infection was monitored by assay of the rate of virus appearance in the culture medium. The mean slope of the virus growth curves ([log10 pfu/ml]/log10 hr) was 9.0 in cultures from patients vs. 9.5 in cultures from controls, and the respective mean titers of virus 53 hr after infection were 10(6.8) and 10(6.5) (differences not statistically significant). Genetically controlled host factors may play some role in the clinical response to HSV infection, but variation in the susceptibility of epidermal cells, the natural target for HSV, is not one of the critical determinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ineffectiveness of topical adenine arabinoside 5'-monophosphate in the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis.

The ability of topical 10 per cent adenine arabinoside 5'-monophosphate to decrease the severity and frequency of recurrent herpes simplex labialis was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized study of 233 patients at three collaborating institutions. Nine clinical and four virologic measurements were used to evaluate drug efficacy during a single episode. No statistically significant improvement in any measurement was seen in the drug-treated patients. Analyses according to institution and age, stage and size of lesion before therapy also indicated no benefit attributable to the drug. There was no effect of the drug on the rate of recurrence of herpes simplex labialis. We conclude that, despite activity against herpes simplex virus infection in tissue culture and in some laboratory animal models, topical use of the drug is ineffective against recurrent herpes simplex labialis. This may be due to failure of the drug to penetrate the skin.

Arabinonucleotides↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis with levamisole.

Because deficient immune responses may play a contributory role in recurrent herpes simplex labialis, an immunomodulating agent, levamisole, has been advocated for therapy. Forty-two patients with a high frequency of recurrent herpes simplex labialis were followed for a mean of 7.8 months (range 4 to 12) and treated for 3 days at the onset of each episode of herpes with one of three different doses of levamisole or placebo in a randomized, double-blind study. Statistical analysis revealed that as the dosage increased, so did the frequency of recurrences (P = 0.007). Conversely, duration of the lesions and lesion pain decreased with increasing dosage (P = 0.05 and 0.03). These results indicate that levamisole is not an appropriate drug for the management of recurrent herpes simplex labialis. The paradoxical response to an immunomodulator (increased frequency, decreased severity) provides evidence that altered host responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clinical and virologic course of herpes simplex genitalis.

The clinical and virologic course of herpes simplex genitalis in women and men was examined in order to identify measurements useful in antiviral trials. Factors influencing the clinical course included initial disease versus recurrent disease, wet-skin versus dry-skin lesions, female versus male sex. Women with initial genital herpes had higher mean peak lesion virus titers than those with recurrent disease (10(4.5) pfu compared with 10(2.5) pfu) and excreted virus longer (13 to 15 days compared with 6 to 8 days). Men with recurrent lesions had higher mean peak virus titers than women (10(4.0) pfu compared with 10(2.5) pfu), but the duration of virus excretion was shorter (three to four days compared with six to eight days). There was pronounced variation in the clinical and virologic course of recurrent lesions among different patients and even within the same patient. These observations indicate several difficulties that must be considered in conducting careful antiviral trials in patients with herpes simplex genitalis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

DNA synthesis and DNA polymerase activity in Leydig cells of diethylstilbestrol-stimulated mouse testes.

Using a modification of the collagenase dispersion method of Dufau et al., we examined changes in DNA synthesis produced by estrogens in the interstitial cells of mice that develop malignant Leydig cell tumors after prolonged estrogen administration. Previous work in cryptorchid mice indicated that during continuous estrogen administration [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA rises to a maximum in 3 to 4 days and then falls to approximately base levels within 2 to 3 weeks. This was confirmed both in Leydig cell concentrates of estrogen-treated mice after either injection with [3H]thymidine or incubation with [3H]thymidine in vitro. This DNA synthesis was blocked by hydroxyurea. DNA synthesis in cells of estrogen-treated BALB/c mice of the Huseby substrain, which have a high incidence of Leydig cell tumors, was 5 to 11 times that in untreated controls. Cells from estrogen-treated C3H/Bi mice, which have a low incidence of Leydig cell tumors, showed only a 2- to 3-fold increase. In the Huseby substrain the rise of DNA synthesis is a peak and subsequent recession were paralleled by a rise and fall in DNA polymerase alpha activity. DNA polymerase beta did not show this variation. In C3H/Bi mice, neither polymerase showed significant change. The evidence suggests that the early estrogen-stimulated DNA synthesis is probably replicative and is associated with increased DNA polymerase alpha activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The natural history of recurrent herpes simplex labialis: implications for antiviral therapy.

We performed daily examination of 80 patients with recurrent herpes simplex labialis to define the course of the disease and to identify quantitative and objective measurements for use in monitoring the efficacy of antiviral chemotherapy. Pain, lesion size, mean virus titers from lesion swabs (10(5) plaque-forming units [PFU]) and frequency of virus-positive lesions (89 per cent) were maximal during the first 24 hours and decreased thereafter. Lesion punch-biopsy virus titers increased from a mean of less than 10(1) PFU in the prodromal and erythema stages to a mean of 10(4.7) in the vesicle stage. MEasurements potentially useful in monitoring antiviral efficacy include: time to loss of crust, time to complete healing, intensity and duration of lesion pain, area defined by lesion virus titer and duration of lesion virus excretion, and maximum lesion virus titer after the first visit. Early application of topical antiviral therapy should theoretically be able to alter the course of this disease.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Chronic arthropathy associated with rubella vaccination.

Eleven children suffered recurrent ipisodes of knee stiffness ("catcher's crouch syndrome") after receiving HPV-77DK12 rubella vaccine. One was evaluated by arthroscopy and the synovium was found to be hypertrophied posteriorly and to protude in folds into the intercondylar notch and lateral joint space. Culture for rubella virus was unsuccessful. The author's observations provide evidence that "catcher's crouch syndrome" is a synovial disease and that chronic joint disease can be a sequela of rubella immunization.

Child↗
PubMed1972

Growth of Newcastle disease virus and rubella virus in rheumatoid and nonrehumatoid synovial cell cultures.

Rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid synovial cell cultures were challenged with Newcastle disease virus and rubella virus in an attempt to confirm reports that rheumatoid synovial cells are relatively resistant to infection with these viruses. Newcastle disease virus caused complete cell destruction by day 7 in both rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid cultures, and peak virus titers were similar. Rubella virus replicated in both rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid synovial cell cultures, and no consistent differences in virus titers were detected. Rubella-infected cell lines were observed for up to 28 days and no virus-specific cytopathic effect was seen.

Adolescent↗