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Biomedical subjects

S L Sellars

Publications and source records attributed to S L Sellars.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Inverted papilloma: a review of 53 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the surgical management of patients with inverted nasal papilloma over a 14-year period. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary health care center. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients (38 males, 15 females) with an average age of 49.8 years were treated. Overall recurrence rate was 28% and a malignant association of 9% was shown. Recurrence rates varied from 27% in patients with more extensive disease involvement treated by lateral rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy, to 30% in patients with less extensive disease treated conservatively. Of the 5 patients with associated malignancy, 3 (6% of all patients) are likely to have undergone malignant transformation. CONCLUSION: Aggressive initial management remains the therapeutic aim in this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Tonsillectomy and tonsillitis in Cape Town--age and sex of patients.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the sex and age of patients undergoing tonsillectomy in the Cape Town metropolitan area. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective audit was conducted from 1991 to 1995 comparing the sex and age of patients undergoing tonsillectomy with patients admitted to hospital for acute tonsillitis and the general population. RESULTS: A total of 7,250 tonsillectomies were performed for recurrent tonsillitis, and 111 adult patients were admitted with acute tonsillitis. When the data for the adult tonsillectomy patients were isolated, the female/male ratio was 3.22:1, which is highly significant when compared with the data for the general population (Cornfield's 95% confidence limit: 2.82, 3.68) and for patients with acute tonsillitis (Cornfield's 95% confidence limit: 1.14, 2.65). CONCLUSION: Recurrent tonsillitis requiring tonsillectomy occurs more commonly in female than male patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Postlaryngectomy voice restoration--a 2-year review.

We present a 2-year (1991/92) review of tracheo-oesophageal speech following total laryngectomy with tracheo-oesophageal fistula formation and subsequent use of a voicing prosthesis. Thirty-five primary fistulas and four secondary fistulas were created. Initially, 86% of patients obtained daily use of intelligible, fluent voice with few extraneous stomal sounds. Over a 2-3-month period following surgery, approximately one-third of these lost their fistula speech. The reasons for this were mainly related to psychological and socio-economic factors. Patient selection, surgical technique and postoperative management are described. Although a successful outcome requires a consolidated team approach, primary health care workers also need to know about postlaryngectomy prosthetic (fistula) speech and its management.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1994

Bismuth subgallate: a safe means to a faster adenotonsillectomy.

Tonsillectomy, with or without adenoidectomy, is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures and as such contributes significantly to the surgery performed by GPs and ENT surgeons. In this randomized controlled study we compared the use of a compound bismuth subgallate (BSG) during adeno-tonsillectomy with the standard operations. Two hundred and two tonsillectomies were randomized into two groups. BSG was used in 90 patients while the other 112 patients were used as controls. The mean operating time was reduced from 11.5 to 9.9 minutes, the number of swabs from 4.5 to 3.7 and number of ties from 3.4 to 2.1. All these reductions were significant (p-values all < 0.05). There were no post-operative complications in either group. Thus the use of BSG during adeno-tonsillectomy or tonsillectomy alone significantly decreases the operating time and results in less intraoperative haemorrhage with fewer ties and swabs being required.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1993

A critical review of hypopharyngeal carcinomas--1975-1985.

Seventy-seven patients with hypopharyngeal carcinomas who presented to Groote Schuur Hospital between 1975 and 1985 are reviewed. Of these patients 76.6%, mostly with pyriform fossa tumours, had advanced disease. The overall 5-year survival was poor (10.5%) despite combined radiotherapy and surgery in many. Local tumour control remains poor and a split course of radiotherapy offers no solution.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

Major surgery of oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Thirty-two composite resections were carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology at Groote Schuur Hospital for oral and oro-pharyngeal squamous carcinoma over the 10-year period, 1977-1986. Three patients were lost to review but all others were followed up to death or to five years. Twenty-seven patients underwent surgery as their primary procedure and five for recurrence after primary radiotherapy. The overall survival was 16 patients at three years and eight at five years. Only one of the five patients who underwent salvage surgery after failed radiotherapy was alive at five years and all five experienced serious postoperative complications. All those surviving over five years had had either N0 or N1 disease at the time of presentation for surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bilateral facial nerve palsies: Groote Schuur Hospital experience.

Bilateral facial nerve palsies are rare. This article details the Cape Town experience of 24 patients with this condition seen over the past 20 years and highlights the three main groups in which these bilateral facial nerve palsies occurred. These are Bell's palsy, fracture of the temporal bones and sclerosteosis. A variety of other rare causes was also found. Bell's palsy remains a diagnosis of exclusion though there has been some evidence to suggest implication of the Herpes simplex virus. The mechanism whereby temporal bone fractures cause bilateral facial nerve palsies is discussed. The clinical presentation and management of sclerosteosis is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Vagal nerve schwannoma--a new diagnostic sign.

A case of vagal nerve schwannoma with a new physical sign is presented. The tumour was largely cystic and aspiration, performed twice, immediately elicited a cough reflex from the patient. Treatment was by total excision and the patient made a good recovery. Complete cystic degeneration of a vagal nerve schwannoma is uncommon. A search of the literature has failed to find any previous reports of fine needle aspiration causing a cough reflex in these tumours.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

Laterality of sinonasal cancer and its aetiologic implications.

A study of the laterality of cancer arising in the nose and sinuses in Cape Town shows that ethmoid tumours have a pronounced left-sided dominance irrespective of histology or racial group. This supports an exogenous cause for this site. These findings are discussed in the light of results from other clinical and epidemiological research. It seems unlikely that maxillary sinus cancer has the same aetiology as ethmoid carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Childhood deafness in the Indian population of Natal.

A study of 212 Indian children at the V.A. Naik School for Deaf was undertaken to determine the aetiology of their deafness. Undifferentiated autosomal recessive deafness was more frequent among Muslim patients--a population with a high incidence of consanguineous marriages--than among Tamils and Hindus. Although fewer than expected genetic syndromes were identified, Waardenburg's syndrome was present in 2% of the pupils. A firm diagnosis of acquired deafness was obtained in 32 children (15%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Chemical burns of the oesophagus.

Chemical burns of the oesophagus caused by ingestion of corrosives present a difficult and potentially dangerous problem of management. Initial failure to recognize the seriousness of the injury and inexperience in the handling of the severer burn may result in consequences which are both life-threatening and life-long. Analysis of 95 patients who had ingested caustic substances is presented. Ninty-one sustained burns of the mouth, 39 of the hypopharynx or oesophagus, and 31 had laryngeal burns. Sixty-three were children of 15 years and under. Caustic soda, especially in children, was the most common substance ingested. Severe oesophageal strictures developed early in 17 patients and in a further 21 oesophageal stricturing occurred late. A protocol for the management of these patients is discussed.

Adolescent↗