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Biomedical subjects

S L Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to S L Roberts.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Fostering hope in the elderly congestive heart failure patient in critical care.

This article presents a patient-centered framework applied to the elderly patient with congestive heart failure (CHF). Although the elderly have been the focus of numerous articles, the needs of the elderly CHF patient in the critical care setting, especially concerning hope versus hopelessness, have been neglected. Guidelines for the clinical management of patients experiencing hopelessness are explored. The four dimensions of hopelessness discussed herein are experiential, spiritual/transcendence, irrational, and relational processes. Nursing diagnosis, interventions, goal-setting, and family support also are discussed. Helping the elderly CHF patient maintain hope when confronted with repeated hospitalizations is a challenge for the critical care nurse.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Common nursing diagnoses for pulmonary alveolar edema patients.

PAE can occur as a consequence of heart failure. Depending upon the extent of left ventricular failure, pulmonary edema can vary widely in severity. To anticipate potential health care needs and, ultimately, to treat PAE, the critical care nurse identifies common nursing diagnoses. Once the nurse understands the physiologic or psychological mechanisms for the particular nursing diagnoses, he or she can serve as a reference point to identify expected nursing outcomes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary alveolar edema: preventing complications.

The critical care nurse uses a wide range of interventions to prevent or reduce complications for the PAE patient. The goal of the interventions are to enhance cardiac performance, improve oxygenation, and decrease myocardial workload.

Diuretics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Powerlessness and the pulmonary alveolar edema patient.

Everyone wants to maintain control over events in their life. The need for personal control does not end when the patient is hospitalized; instead the patient's need for personal control usually intensifies in critical care situations. The nursing diagnosis of powerlessness is common for most critical care patients, and especially so for the patient experiencing respiratory difficulties such as Pulmonary Alveolar Edema. These authors describe a model of powerlessness which suggests strategies for increasing the patient's control over his or her situation.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute congestive heart failure: preventing complications.

Acute congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common clinical problem with a serious prognosis for the patient. For acute care hospitals, it is also the number one "money loser" for its diagnostic related group. For these reasons, it is important to understand how the critical care nurse can implement nursing measures and work within a multidisciplinary team to prevent complications in CHF patients. This article identifies the determinants of myocardial performance and nursing interventions that help lessen or prevent complications in CHF patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supporting hope in congestive heart failure patients.

Critically ill patients want to maintain hope in their life. The need for hope and a sense of hopefulness does not end when the patient is hospitalized. The nursing diagnosis of hopelessness is common for many critical care patients, and especially cardiac problems such as congestive heart failure. These author describe a model of hopelessness that suggests strategies for increasing the patient's sense of hope.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A hope and hopelessness model applied to the family of multitrauma injury patient.

A hope and hopelessness model is applied to the family of multitrauma injury patient. The purpose of the article is to identify factors contributing to hopelessness and organize them into physiological, cognitive-temporal, affective-contextual, and affiliative-behavioral hopelessness. Personal experience with family's of multitrauma injury patients and research regarding hope, hopelessness, and family led to the development of a hope model. Nursing interventions are then delineated according to a hope model, which fosters the family's sense of hope in themselves and the patient's future. Assessment of factors contributing to hopelessness and utilization of the hope model will enable nurses and family members to combine their efforts in reducing hopelessness and facilitate a sense of hope.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Powerlessness and personal control model applied to the myocardial infarction patient.

The MI patient can experience powerlessness through loss of personal control. The feeling of powerlessness can limit the patient's ability to understand the diagnosis of MI, care or decisions necessary to restore health. The MI patient can react by experiencing a sense of physiological, cognitive, environmental and decisional loss of control. Regardless of the specific component of the powerless model, the coronary care nurse diagnoses powerlessness according to defining characteristics. Nursing interventions are organized to facilitate physiological, cognitive, environmental and decisional powerfulness. Research is needed to clarify the MI patient's perception of control or lack of control within each component of the presented model, and to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions created to foster personal control or uncontrol. Research will enable the nurse to scientifically determine strategies and outcomes that correlate with the patient's need for control in the illness situation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cognitive model of depression and the myocardial infarction patient.

Events that trigger depression following myocardial infarction may include separation from loved ones, financial loss, and physical disease. The susceptibility to depression will depend on how successful the patient has been in controlling stressful and personally threatening situations. Once depression occurs, patients may process information in a distorted way. Consequently, depression becomes the affective result of inappropriate negative appraisals of experiences. These cognitive distortions center around three outlooks: negative view of self, negative view of experiences and a negative view of the future. This article outlines how depressed patients may distort information resulting in these negative viewpoints. Methods of identifying depression and intervening with appropriate nursing interventions, which will assist with the management of depression, are described.

Attitude to Health↗