Biomedical subjects

S L Primack

Publications and source records attributed to S L Primack.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

The spectrum of eosinophilic lung disease: radiologic findings.

PURPOSE: Eosinophilic lung disease includes various disease entities. Each disease manifests different radiologic findings. The purpose of this review is to present the radiologic findings of the spectrum of eosinophilic lung disease. METHOD: We reviewed the radiologic, histologic, and clinical findings of the spectrum of eosinophilic lung disease from the previous reports and our experiences. RESULTS: Simple pulmonary eosinophilia is characterized by transient and migrating opacities on chest radiography. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is characterized by acute clinical symptoms and signs and rapid changes of radiographic diffuse reticular lesions. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, with more prolonged symptom duration, history of asthma, occurrence of relapse, and radiologic features of subpleural consolidation, can be differentiated from acute eosinophilic pneumonia. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis presents with bilateral central bronchiectasis with or without mucoid impaction. Although these diseases show specific radiographic findings, some show overlapping radiographic features. High-resolution CT enables characterization of parenchymal lesions further by showing internal and marginal features and the exact extent of the lesions. Extrapulmonary organs are involved in Churg-Strauss syndrome and idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Asthma is associated with Churg-Strauss syndrome, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, and bronchocentric granulomatosis. CONCLUSION: Integration of clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings enables initial and differential diagnoses of various eosinophilic lung diseases.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: clinical, histopathologic, and radiologic findings.

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is characterized pathologically by a pulmonary neoplasm showing lepidic growth. More than half of all patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma are asymptomatic. The most frequent symptoms and signs are cough, sputum, shortness of breath, weight loss, hemoptysis, and fever. Bronchorrhea is unusual and a late manifestation. Nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma tends to be more localized and has a lower frequency of bronchogenic spread than mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma appears radiographically as a single nodule, segmental or lobar consolidation, or diffuse nodules. At computed tomography (CT), the single nodular form appears as a peripheral nodule or localized ground-glass attenuation with or without consolidation, frequently associated with bubblelike areas of low attenuation and open bronchus signs. The lobar consolidative form may demonstrate the CT angiogram and open bronchus signs. The diffuse nodular form appears as multiple nodules or areas of ground-glass attenuation or consolidation. The single nodular form has a better prognosis than the others but may show false-negative results for malignancy at 2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗

PubMedDate not supplied

CT in blunt chest trauma: indications and limitations.

Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice in the assessment of patients with clinical or radiographic findings suggestive of aortic injury, bone fracture, or diaphragmatic tear following blunt chest trauma. Contrast material-enhanced spiral CT allows detection of both subtle and more obvious aortic tears. CT has overall greater sensitivity than radiography in the detection of pulmonary lacerations and pneumothoraces. CT may be indicated in cases of suspected tracheobronchial injury. CT is of limited use in the assessment of rib fractures because such injuries are of limited clinical significance and can usually be identified at radiography; however, CT provides optimal visualization of thoracic spine fractures and superior assessment of suspected sternal fractures or sternoclavicular dislocation. Targeted spiral CT with sagittal and coronal reformatted images has increased sensitivity and specificity over that provided by conventional axial CT in the detection of diaphragmatic injury. Optimal CT assessment requires careful attention to technique, including the use of intravenously administered contrast material and multiplanar reconstructed images, as well as an awareness of potential pitfalls. Although in many cases diagnosis can be made with confidence on the basis of CT findings, further investigation is often needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Aorta, Thoracic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Thoracic manifestations of systemic autoimmune diseases: radiographic and high-resolution CT findings.

The systemic autoimmune diseases include collagen vascular diseases, the systemic vasculitides, Wegener granulomatosis, and Churg-Strauss syndrome. They can cause a variety of thoracic abnormalities that are influenced by the pathophysiologic characteristics of the underlying disease process. Although many of the abnormalities can be detected at chest radiography, high-resolution computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be superior in depicting parenchymal, airway, and pleural abnormalities. Thoracic manifestations of collagen vascular diseases include pleural disease, pulmonary fibrosis, diaphragm weakness, aspiration pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans, and bronchiectasis. Wegener granulomatosis may be associated with multiple nodules or masses with irregular margins that are frequently cavitated. Patients with Churg-Strauss syndrome often have consolidation or ground-glass attenuation at chest radiography and CT. Goodpasture syndrome is associated with extensive bilateral air-space consolidation.

Autoimmune Diseases↗