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Biomedical subjects

S Kusama

Publications and source records attributed to S Kusama.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of neocarzinostatin in digestive system cancer. 2. Clinical studies on the administration of neocarzinostatin in advanced and recurrent carcinoma of the pancreas].

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy by NCS for advanced and/or recurrent carcinoma of the pancreas, mainly nonresectable cases in which exploratory laparotomy or construction of biliary fistula were performed. Three hundred fifty seven cases were available for the study. Of the 357 cases, 116 were treated with NCS alone 5-FU. In the former, the efficacy rate was higher in cases with 2,000 mu/body of NCS every day than in those with 4,000 mu/body of NCS intermittently 2-3 times for a week. 19.6% of the cases treated with more than 40,000 mu of NCS alone in total were interpreted as effective clinically by Karnofsky's criteria of I-A over. In the latter, the efficacy rate was higher in cases with 2,000 mu/body of NCS combined with 250 mg of 5-FU every day than in those with 4,000 mu of NCS combined with 500 mg of 5-FU intermittently, 22.5% of the cases given more than 40,000 mu of NCS in total were interpreted as effective clinically by Karnofsky's criteria of I-A over. The major adverse effects of NCS such as anorexia, vomiting and nausea were observed in 20% of total cases respectively, leucopenia in 10% and fever in 15% of them.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1983

[Usefulness of dynamic computed tomography in the diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms].

Five patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms, two saccular and three dissecting aneurysms, were examined by dynamic computed tomographic (CT) scanning. A Siemens Somatom 2 was employed. Dynamic scanning is the method by which plural serial images can be obtained in single operation. We used three serial images in a 5-second scan following a 3-second interval. After rapid manual injection of 30 ml of 76% megluminc amidotrizoate sodium into the right antecubital vein, scans of 4 mm section were performed three times and subsequently conventional scans four times. Serial changes in the same section and changes in the CT number against time in regions of interest in the image were investigated. Saccular aneurysms was difficult to distinguish from mediastinal tumors on the plain chest X-ray films. However, it was confirmed by the dynamic CT scanning demonstrating free communication between the aorta and the abnormal lumen, because the latter was filled with contrast medium, and the time of appearance, and the peak and washout of a contrast medium were almost the same between two lumens. In dissecting aneurysms, it was able to recognize both the false and true lumens as double channels in the aorta. We observed the different mode of dissection between the ascending and descending aorta in one case, and observed the twisting of an intimal flap in variable parts of the aorta in another case. Furthermore, it was possible to confirm the difference of blood flow pattern between the false and true lumens by dynamic CT. Because CT has a high quality image resolution, and especially, dynamic CT provides the serial changes in the same section after injection of contrast medium, both CT and dynamic CT are useful non-invasive imaging techniques for evaluating thoracic aortic aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with giant negative T waves and left precordial high voltage. Echocardiographic and tomographic findings of a case].

We reported a case of hypereosinophilic syndrome with an apical thrombus obstructing left ventricular cavity near the apex and apical hypertrophy of the left ventricle demonstrated by echocardiography and computed tomography. Abnormal laboratory findings included a white blood cell count of 22,800/mm3 with 64 per cent of eosinophils, high serum IgE level, and eosinophilic abscess formation in the lymph node specimen. The electrocardiogram showed left precordial high voltage and giant negative T waves in leads V4-5. Two-dimensional echocardiograms revealed an abnormal mass obstructing the left ventricular cavity. Computed tomography demonstrated marked apical hypertrophy of the left ventricle and a filing defect of 24 X 31 mm, which attached to the interventricular septum. Because of the lack of its movement on echocardiograms and significant differences in CT numbers from various portions of the myocardium, the abnormal mass in the left ventricle was considered to be a thrombus. In this case, both echocardiography and computed tomography were very useful to understand structural relationship among the thrombus, interventricular septum and surrounding left ventricular walls, and to assess myocardial thickness of the apex. In addition, it is of particular interest that hypereosinophilic syndrome was associated with marked apical hypertrophy of the left ventricle.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of left atrial masses by computed tomography: with special reference to the differentiation between mural thrombi and myxomas].

Computed tomographic features of left atrial mural thrombi were compared with those of left atrial myxomas using a third generation system. In seven of 23 patients with mitral valvular disease, computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a total of 12 left atrial mural thrombi. There was calcification in about one-third of the thrombi and marked calcification of the mitral valve in all the seven cases. Mean CT value of the 12 thrombi ranged from +17.5 to +89.8 Hounsfield units (HU) (average +44.5 HU), and in only one it was below +20 HU. All thrombi appeared to be heterogeneous and irregular in shape such as elliptic, triangular or flat on cross-sectional tomogram. In addition, reconstructed coronal and sagittal imagings from serial CT images were very useful for localizing the calcification in the thrombi and determining the site of the attachment of the thrombi to the atrial wall. On the other hand, calcification of the tumor or mitral valve was not detected in two patients with left atrial myxomas by CT. The mean CT value of myxoma was averaged +30.2 HU, which was lower than that of thrombi. Both myxomas were ovoid in shape and appeared to be homogeneous in CT images. ECG gated CT revealed pendular movement of the tumor which prolapsed through the mitral orifice into the left ventricular inflow tract during diastole and backed into the left atrium during systole, although it was slightly difficult to detect the site of the attachment of the tumor. In conclusion, we should evaluate appearances, calcification of the mitral valve, mean CT value, shape and movement in the computed tomographic diagnosis of left atrial masses. In consideration of these characteristic findings, differentiation between mural thrombi and myxomas could be made.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

PPD-specific proliferative response in humans. I. Analysis of PPD-specific proliferative cells from tuberculous pleurisy patients and healthy controls with monoclonal antibodies specific for human T subsets.

Peripheral mononuclear cells (PBL) from tuberculin reaction (TR)-negative tuberculous pleurisy patients proliferated poorly with PPD, while the cells of pleural effusion from these patients showed a proliferative response to PPD as well as did the healthy control PBL. Surface antigens of peripheral blood and pleural effusion were examined by using monoclonal antibodies. The Leu 1-positive cell population can be divided into four groups, namely (1) Leu 1+, Leu2a+, Leu 3a+, (2) Leu 1+, Leu 2a+, Leu 3a-, (3) Leu 1+, Leu 2a-, Leu3a+, and (4) Leu 1+, Leu 2a-, Leu 3a- cell populations. Results of analysis of surface antigens of PPD-specific proliferative cells in peripheral blood and pleural effusion from tuberculous pleurisy patients as well as healthy controls indicate that the PPD-specific proliferative response is mediated by Leu 1+, Leu 2a-, Leu 3a+ cells and Leu 1+, Leu 2a-, Leu3a- cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Hemodynamic responses to prostacyclin (PGI2) in the conscious sheep.

Hemodynamic responses to prostacyclin (PGI2) were studied in sheep in the conscious state as well as under pentobarbital-halothane anesthesia. PGI2 in doses of 0.02-1.0 microgram/kg were administered as a bolus into the right or left atrium in the conscious sheep. PGI2 decreased systemic arterial pressure (PSA), systemic (SVR) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and increased cardiac output (CO) and heart rate (HR) in a dose-dependent manner. The changes of each parameter were almost similar regardless of the sites of administration. Pulmonary arterial pressure (PPA) was increased. There was no change in left (PLA) or right atrial pressure (PRA). A bolus administration of 0.5 microgram/kg of PGI2 in the anesthetized sheep produced a decrease in PSA, SVR and PVR, and increase in CO and HR. PPA remained unchanged when administered into the right atrium and increased slightly when administered into the left atrium. PLA and PRA did not change. Comparing hemodynamic responses to 0.5 microgram/kg of PGI2 of the conscious and anesthetized states, decrease in PSA was smaller and increases in CO and HR were greater in the former. Decreases in SVR and PVR were similar in both states. Increase in PPA was greater in the conscious sheep. This data confirms that PGI2 dilates the systemic as well as the pulmonary circulation of the sheep and an inactivation of this compound in the lungs is minimal. Furthermore, it may be suggested that general anesthesia significantly alters hemodynamic responses to PGI2 in the sheep.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of carcinoma and chronology (study of time) of cancer].

Chronology of cancer is the medical science to study the time of events such as occurrence of cancer and metastasis, appearance of clinical symptom, treatment, recurrence and death of the patients, and to study the interval among these events and factors influencing them. Every patient with breast cancer has her own doubling time, which seems to be constant and independent of the site of the tumor, regardless primary or metastatic. Doubling times correlate with age of patients and the histological type of breast cancer. Among the duration of symptom, free interval and survival after recurrence, statistically significant correlation exist, and they have a close correlation with doubling times. The calculation of doubling times is not always possible in the patients with carcinoma of deeply situated organs. Among the duration of symptom, free interval and survival after recurrence of gastric cancer, however, a significant correlation has been observed. In the evaluation of the effect of anticancer treatment such as prolongation of survival time and the rate of growth should not be neglected. And the doubling time is an important factor to determine malignant characteristics of the cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of 201Tl-accumulation in lung--imaging of 201Tl in the extravascular space (author's transl)].

In order to evaluate 201Tl-accumulation in lung, 201Tl imaging was performed using a scintillation camera coupling to a small digital computer, and blood clearance of it was examined. After the injection of 74 MBq(2mCi) of 201Tl-chloride, the serial images and static images were obtained. In order to obtain the image of 201Tl in the extravascular space [TE(x, y)], a subtraction technique was performed as follows; after 2 anterior views of 201Tl were obtained using a 20% window centered at 80 keV [T0(x, y)] and 140 keV [T140(x, y)] respectively, and blood sample was taken, radionuclide angiocardiography with 185 MBq (5 mCi) of 99mTc-human serum albumin and it's static image were done in the same supine position and blood sample was taken too. The radioactivity of 201Tl(T) and 99mTc(HB) in the blood was counted by a autogamma scintillation counter. Then the image of TE(x, y) was obtained by the following formula; TE(x, y)=T0(x, y)-[H(x, y)-T140(x, y)]TB/HB. Following results were obtained; (1) The disappearance of 201Tl from the blood was rapid and 15 min after the injection only 10 approximately 15% of the activity after 1 min was present in the blood. (2) The lung activity in the time activity curve decreased rapidly to reach plateau within 100 approximately 150 sec after the injection. (3) The image of 201Tl in the extravascular space was nearly equal to the original one as regard to the radioactivity of 201Tl in lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[A technique for quantifying lung uptake of 201Tl on the scintigram with 201TlCl].

On intravenous administration of 201TlCl (74 MBq (2 mCi), initial transit of it through the heart as well as subsequent uptake by the chest were recorded in the supine position using a scintillation camera coupling to a small digital computer, and remaining the patient in the same position perfusion scintigram with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) or transmission scintigram with a point source of 99mTcO4- too. The radioactivity of total injected dose of 201Tl (T) was calculated from the entire region on the initial transit of the tracer bolus through the heart, and that of unilateral lung (L) was done from the anterior image of 201Tl on which isocount map of the perfusion image or transmission one was superimposed. By these procedures, the lung uptake ratio of 201Tl was calculated by ratio of L/T, and expressed as percentage per entire unilateral lung and mean value (%) per pixel. The average values of the lung uptake ratio in circulatory diseases were 4.0 +/- 1.2% in the right lung, 2.7 +/- 1.2% in the left lung, and in respiratory diseases 4.5 +/- 2.1% and 2.3 +/- 1.0%, respectively. This technique is useful to quantify the lung uptake of 201Tl on the lung scintigram with 201TlCl.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Colonoscopic polypectomy in diagnosis and treatment of early carcinoma of the large intestine.

Histologic investigation and analysis of 370 polyps, removed via colonoscope, demonstrated a malignancy rate of adenomas of about 20 per cent. Even small adenomas under 1 cm in diameter were found to have a higher malignant potential than previously appreciated. The malignancy rate was higher with increasing size, and adenomas in females had a much higher malignant potential than in males. It is obvious that colonoscopic polypectomy is valuable in detecting and treating early carcinomas of the colon.

Adenoma↗