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Biomedical subjects

S Kuramoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Kuramoto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Noninvasive study of critical thresholds of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure for cerebral circulation and brain function.

To ascertain the critical thresholds of intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) for cerebral circulation and brain function, the extra- and intracranial haemodynamics and electrical brain responses were evaluated noninvasively with Doppler ultrasonography and multimodality evoked potentials (MEP's) in 50 patients with severe head injury. Both extra- and intracranial blood flow velocities changed monotonically depending on the changes in ICP and CPP. They were decreased when ICP increased to 20-30 mmHg and when CPP decreased to 40-50 mmHg. The changes in elasticity index of the pulse wave of the common carotid artery was proportional to those of blood flow velocities. The frequency and degree of abnormalities of MEP's were proportionally increased with the rise of ICP and reduction of CPP. When ICP increased to higher than 31 mmHg, MEP's were classified as moderately or severely abnormal in more than 76% of the recordings. These results indicate that noninvasive study by use of Doppler ultrasonography and MEP's can provide valuable information on critical brain ischaemia and brain dysfunction in patients with acute intracranial hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Spontaneous epidural hematoma secondary to dural metastasis from an ovarian carcinoma--case report.

We report a case of spontaneous epidural hematoma secondary to dural metastasis of an undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma. The hemorrhage occurred 2 days after oophorectomy. The hematoma was evacuated, and histological examination of the galea and dura mater revealed metastatic ovarian carcinoma. The absence of other pathology in the vicinity of the hematoma indicates that the hemorrhage was caused by the dural metastasis. Although subdural hematoma secondary to dural metastasis has been reported, this is believed to be the first reported case of epidural hematoma attributable to dural metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine treatment for gait apraxia in parkinsonian patients.

L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (L-DOPS) was administered to six parkinsonian patients for the treatment of gait related akinesia which was refractile to L-DOPA treatment. One responded with marked improvement and one with only mild improvement. Although number of patients who respond markedly to this noradrenaline precursor, L-DOPS, is limited, L-DOPS was felt to be the most effective treatment modality for L-DOPA refractile gait related akinesia and L-DOPA related orthostatic hypotension.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Sparganosis of the brain. Case report.

A rare case of cerebral sparganosis occurring in a 7-year-old boy is reported. Since his clinical symptoms fluctuated and diagnostic evaluation demonstrated multiple lesions, he was examined for a parasitic infection. Emphasis is placed on the difficulties involved in diagnosing cerebral sparganosis.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Brain function and blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery in subarachnoid hemorrhage: evaluation with multimodality evoked potentials (MEPs) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound].

Brain dysfunction and blood flow velocity changes in the middle cerebral artery (MCAFV) were studied in 59 patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms presenting subarachnoid hemorrhage. Brain function and blood flow velocity were evaluated by multimodality evoked potentials (MEPs) consisting of ABR, SEP and VEP as reported, and transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound. The abnormality on MEPs were graded into 4 grades. Nearly normal, mildly abnormal, moderately abnormal and severely abnormal. The results on MEP study were compared with clinical Hunt and Hess (H. H) grade or Fisher's CT group of subarachnoid hemorrhage in 44 patients. MCAFV was measured in 15 patients and mean velocity as well as CO2 reactivity and effect of head elevation were studied. Control value of MCAFV was 64 +/- 13 cm/sec in 50 healthy adults. CO2 reactivity was determined by K values obtained from the modified formula of cerebral blood flow by Olesen et al. MEP grade in H. H grade III and IV patients showed, on admission, variations in their grades in comparison with those in H. H grade I II and V patients. There was no definite correlation between the abnormality in MEPs and the degree of subarachnoid hemorrhage in Fisher's group 3 and 4 patients. When the surgical results in early and late operation in H. H grade III and IV patients were compared, it was shown that the outcome was favourable in early operated patients of H. H grade III if initial MEP grades were between I-III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Spinal injury in children].

We reported five cases of children with spinal injuries. Spinal injuries are rare in children, and most common from the occiput to C3 in children younger than 8 years. In our cases, two younger children had upper cervical lesions and two older children had lower lesions. These differences result from anatomical characteristics, such as special histological architecture of the growth zones in younger children. One patient had a delayed onset paraplegia without radiographic abnormality. This phenomenon seems to be one of the characteristics of the spinal injuries in children. Because of this, all children with head or neck injuries should be fully investigated. A nine-month-old child who suffered from a fracture of the odontoid process with atlantoaxial dislocation was treated by immobilization only, and the result was good. Generally, fracture of the odontoid process in young children can be treated by proper immobilization. One patient with fracture dislocation of the cervical spine died as a result of cord injury. So immediate surgical decompression is mandatory for patients with evidence of cord compression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Minute cancers arising de novo in the human large intestine.

In order to search for the histogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer, the background mucosas of 18 patients with a single colorectal cancer, apart from familial adenomatosis coli, were studied by a step sectioning method. Three early minute cancers (3-5 mm in diameter) were detected in the apparently normal mucosa, and two cancers in the adenoma (focal cancer in adenomatous polyp). The three early cancers had no evidence of preexisting adenoma, so they were considered to be de novo cancers. In form they were depressed, flat, and slightly elevated. In humans, de novo cancer has an important significance in histogenesis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Clinically, it is also important to recognize the early phase of colorectal cancer in flat type as well as polypoid type.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocyte subsets in patients with brain tumors.

T lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood were studied in preoperative patients with various types of intracranial neoplasms. The subsets were analysed using monoclonal antibodies against lymphocyte membrane markers, and flow cytometry was used to quantitate percent positive cells with the antibodies. Twenty-seven patients were selected for this study, including twelve patients with malignant primary intrinsic tumors histologically consistent with a diagnosis of malignant astrocytoma or glioblastoma multiforme, and fifteen patients with extrinsic tumors diagnosed as meningioma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharygnioma and neurinoma. Twenty-five age and sex-matched individuals without evidence of either local or systemic disorders served as control subjects. The results revealed that the OKT4/8 cell ratio was 1.4 +/- 0.4 in the malignant group, 1.8 +/- 0.4 in the benign group and 2.1 +/- 0.8 in the control group. The ratio was significantly lower in the malignant group than in the control group (p less than 0.05). Leu-11+ cells were found to be 9.7 +/- 4.7 in the malignant group, 9.0 +/- 3.4 in the benign and 7.8 +/- 2.7 in the control group. These results showed that Leu-11+ cells in the patients with malignant tumors were significantly increased in comparison with the control group (p less than 0.05). The alteration of the lymphocyte subsets is considered to be an effect of neurohormones in balance through the transmission function of the brain-endocrine axis to lymphocytes in immunomodulation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Intraoperative colonoscopy in the detection of nonpalpable colonic lesions--how to identify the affected bowel segment.

The development and widespread use of the colonic fiberscope has led to the identification of early colonic cancers which, being small and flat, are not palpable by intraoperative examination of the exterior of the intestine. Standard operation for cancer is required when snare polypectomy is insufficient, or when it is considered that the lesions would be resected incompletely by electrocautery. We report on the use of intraoperative colonoscopy in 11 patients to identify small lesions and to maintain an adequate distance from the lesions. Intraoperative colonoscopy allows lesions to be detected rapidly, safe operations, and a decrease in operation time.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Lymphangioma of the large intestine. Report of a case.

Lymphangiomas of the large intestine have been reported more frequently since the development and widespread use of the colonic fiberscope. It is possible to endoscopically diagnose lymphangiomas because they are lustrous and smooth on the surface, pliable on compression, and half of them have a stalk or a waist at the base. Lymphangiomas of the colon and rectum under 20 mm in diameter can be safely resected by electrocautery, thereby avoiding unnecessary operation.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Spontaneous regression of primary malignant intracranial lymphoma.

A rare case of intracranial multiple tumor, which disappeared spontaneously on serial cranial computed tomography (CT) scans, is described. The initial CT scan showed multiple, well-enhanced lesions in the right frontal and parietal lobes. The lesions disappeared spontaneously without any treatment during the 2 following months of observation. One month later, however, a newly formed tumor was found on serial CT-scanning. Surgical intervention confirmed the histologic diagnosis of a non-Hodgkin's, large, and diffuse-type malignant lymphoma. The possible mechanism of temporal disappearance of tumors on CT scanning is discussed.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

[Cerebellar ganglioglioma: a case report].

A case of cerebellar ganglioglioma is reported. A 22-year-old female was admitted to the Kurume University Hospital on August 19, 1985, suffering from headache, vomiting and gait disturbance. On admission, neurological examination revealed staggering gait and the right cerebellar ataxia showing dysmetria and dysdiadochokinesis. Mild choked disc in the right fundus was also noted. Plain CT scan showed the low-density area involving the right cerebellar hemisphere and the part of the vermis with internal hydrocephalus. Enhanced CT scan showed the high-density area adjacent to the low-density area suggesting a mural nodule. A vertebral angiogram in the arterial phase showed an expansive lesion in the posterior fossa and the tumor stain, which was also visualized in the venous phase. An emergency suboccipital craniectomy was then performed. With opening the tense dura mater, the cyst formation was noted and 30 ml of xanthochromic fluid was then aspirated. A well demarcated mural nodule was noted in the lateral wall of the cyst. The nodule was then extirpated in toto. The hypertrophy of the cerebellar cortex was not observed. Histologically, the tumor was consisted of nerve fiber, glial fiber and neuronal cells. Its architecture was differed distinctly from that of hamartomatous diffuse hypertrophy of the cerebellar cortex (Lhermitte-Duclos' disease). Immunohistochemically, the neuronal cells revealed positive staining for NSE and S-100, and the glial cells displayed positive staining for GFAP, S-100. The authors reviewed previously reported eleven cases of cerebellar ganglioglioma including the present case. These results showed that cerebellar gangliogliomas have some characteristic clinical features among general intracranial gangliogliomas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗